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Unit - 1 MIS - Introduction

This document discusses data and information. It defines data as organized information that can be numbers, words, measurements or descriptions. Data is either qualitative (descriptive) or quantitative (numerical). Information is defined as processed data that is organized into a usable form. The key difference between data and information is that data is raw facts while information adds meaning by being relevant, timely and processed from data for a specific use. The document also covers characteristics, types, transmission and measures for ensuring quality of both data and information.

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41 views24 pages

Unit - 1 MIS - Introduction

This document discusses data and information. It defines data as organized information that can be numbers, words, measurements or descriptions. Data is either qualitative (descriptive) or quantitative (numerical). Information is defined as processed data that is organized into a usable form. The key difference between data and information is that data is raw facts while information adds meaning by being relevant, timely and processed from data for a specific use. The document also covers characteristics, types, transmission and measures for ensuring quality of both data and information.

Uploaded by

velschitra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit - 1

MIS - Introduction
U 1 - Lesson 1

DATA
What is Data?
• Data is a organized
information.
• It can be numbers, words,
measurements,
observations or even
descriptions of things.
• Two types of data :
– Qualitative data
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– Quantitative data
Qualitative & Quantitative Data
• Qualitative :
» It is a descriptive
information.
»It describes the
subject matter of
things.
• Quantitative :
• These are
12/09/2021 numerical 4
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Qualitative and Quantitative data

Customer Profile, Customer Sales and revenue graphs,


name, Ideas and Numbers in sales, customer
suggestions, Status and target, observations and
thoughts. measurements.
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Data - Definition
The term data
means group of
information that
represents the
qualitative or
quantitative
attributes of a
variable set or set of
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Characteristics of data
• Data – plural form of datum.
• Data are viewed as lowest level of abstraction
from which information and knowledge are
arrived.
• Data is anything in a form suitable for use with
a computer.
• Data is not a “program code”.
• Binary files (which are not human readable)
are sometimes called as data.
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Terms of data
• Computer Data – Run Programs,
Store program.
• Data Structure – Bit , Byte, Word.
• Data Transmission – Act of
sending data from one place to
another.
Serial Data transmission
Parallel Data transmission.
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Data Transmission

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U 1 - Lesson 2

Information
Information - Definition

“ Information is a data that has been


collected and processed into an organized,
usable form. Organized usable information is
accurate , relevant , complete, cost effective,
verifiable and reliable and is available when
needed. Information can be presented in
characters, numbers, pictures, images and
sounds”
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What is Information?
• It is defined as the data which is organized
and presented at a time and place so that the
decision makers may take necessary action.
• Information is the result/product of
processing data.
DATA INFORMA
PROCESS TION

DECIS
ACTION ION
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Data Converted into information
Data Information

Knitting

DATA PROCESS RESULT/PRODUCT

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What is Information?
• Information is a term closely related to
concepts as meaning, knowledge,
instruction, communication, representation
and mental stimulus.
• Information is a message received and
understood.
• In terms of data it can be defined as “ A
collection of facts from which conclusions
may be drawn”.
• Information is a quality of message from a
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sender to one or more receiver.


What is Information?
• “Information is the result of processing,
manipulating and organizing data in a way that
adds to the knowledge of the person receiving
it.”
• Information can be as ( Size , Occurrence of a
event, value and ethics etc).
• Information does not have to be accurate it
may be truth or a lie, or just the sound of the
falling tree.
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General speaking

“If the amount of information


in the received message increases ,
the message is more accurate”

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Need for information

1. Development of telecommunication – like


radio telephone, microwave. Laser and
satellite communication.
2. Processing of data with computer –
Accessibility of information helps computer
to readily scan data.
3. Video Technology : It permits the recording
of activities on video cassettes and video
discs.
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Classification of Information
Action Vs
Non - Action
Historical
Vs Future

Recurring Vs
Non-
Recurring

Internal Vs
External
Documentary
Vs Non -
Documentary

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Characteristics of information
• 3 primary characteristics
– 1. Relevance
– 2. Availability
– 3. Timeliness.

• Necessary attributes of information


are “objectivity, sensitivity,
comparability, consciousness and
completeness”.
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Measures for information
Quality
• Accuracy
• Form
• Relevance
• Timeliness
• ABC nature of information

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ABC – Nature of information
Information can be categorized as based on
its availability, cost and dependence.

4 Basic Principles of information management


:
• Data + Relevance + Purpose = Information
• Information + Insight = Understanding
• Understanding + Communication =
Intelligence
• Intelligence + Action
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= Effectiveness 22
Difference Between
Data Information
• Data is a fact. • Though based on data
information is not a fact.
• All data does not become • Selective filtering of data
information. before processing into
• Data is the result of information.
routine recording of events • Generation of information
and activities takes place. is user driven which is not
• Data is independent of automatic.
users.
• Information is user
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Any Questions?

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