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Code Mixing and Code Switching

The document discusses code-switching and code-mixing in languages. It defines code-switching as alternating between languages across sentence or clause boundaries, while code-mixing refers to changing languages within the same utterance or text. There are three types of code-mixing: insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization. The document also outlines three types of code-switching: intrasentential, intersentential, and extrasentential. Examples are provided to illustrate the differences between code-mixing and code-switching.

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81 views

Code Mixing and Code Switching

The document discusses code-switching and code-mixing in languages. It defines code-switching as alternating between languages across sentence or clause boundaries, while code-mixing refers to changing languages within the same utterance or text. There are three types of code-mixing: insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization. The document also outlines three types of code-switching: intrasentential, intersentential, and extrasentential. Examples are provided to illustrate the differences between code-mixing and code-switching.

Uploaded by

Fitria Nuraininis
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Code-switching (also called code-mixing) can occur in conversation

between speakers’ turns or within a single speaker’s turn. In the latter


case it can occur between sentences (intersententially) or within a
single sentence (intra-sententially) (Wardhaugh, 2006)
Code-switching is, “in its most specific sense, the alternation between
varieties, or codes, across sentences or clause boundaries and often
used as a cover term including code-mixing as well” (Meyerhoff, 2011)
Code-switching is where speakers switched from one language to
another language and probably did not switch back or only switched
back after a long stretch of language. It means code-switching is the
switch between languages that may switch back or not (Blom and
Gumperz (1972).

While code-mixing is the change of one language to another within the


same utterance or in the same oral or written text (Nababan, 1993).
Three types of code-mixing (According to Muysken, 2000)

1. Insertion (word or phrase)


 the insertion of lexical item or phrasal category into a given
structure.

2. Alternation (phrase)
It occurs between clauses meaning that alternation is used when
speaker mixes his or her language

3. Congruent lexicalization (dialect)


 the influence of dialect within language use.
There are three types of code-switching (according to Poplack, 1980),

(1) Intrasentential code switching;


 is the alternation in a single discourse between two languages, where
the switching occurs within a sentence. According to Bokamba (1988)
intrasentential code-switching coincides with code-mixing.

(2) Intersentential code switching;


 happens whereas people switching the language, Indonesian and
English, between sentences or two clauses.
(3) extra sentential code-switching
 a level which involves a situation in which a bilingual attaches a
tag from one language to an utterance in another language such
as “Darn!”, “Hey!”, “Well!”, “Look!”, etc.

Example : Well, mari kita pergi sekarang !


Dia sangat cerdas, right ?
Utterances Code-mixing Code-switching
Dia bawa I ke factory-nya kan insertion Intrasentential

I am gonna temenin aja

I was ill feel.

Happy birthday kak Livy, And He brings a


present

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