UNIT 10:
OPPORTUNITIES
Instituto de Idiomas
Contents:
• 10 A: Second conditional.
• 10 B: Third conditional
Instituto de Idiomas
Lesson A: Second conditional
We use the second conditional to talk about imagined events or states and their
consequences. They can be about the unreal present or the unlikely future.
Real present Unreal present and consequence
I don’t know the answer. If I knew the answer. I’d tell you.
Likely future Unlikely / imagined future and consequence
She won’t find out that you lied. She would be angry if she found out you had lied.
We usually use the past simple in the if-clause and would in the main clause.
We can also use could or might instead of would:
• You could afford to go on holiday if you were more careful with your money.
• If you tried harder, you might win a medal.
Instituto de Idiomas
Lesson A: The second conditional
The verb be has a special form in a second conditional. We can use were for all persons ( If I were
you, If you were, If she were, etc.)
If I were taller, I’d be better at basketball.
We use the phrase If I were you to give advice.
If I were you, I wouldn’t eat that fish. It doesn’t smell fresh.
We don’t always need to include the If-clause if the meaning is clear:
E.g.: Look at that house! That would be a good place to live. (… if we moved there)
I’m sure Jack would help you. (… if you asked)
When talking about the future, you can usually choose between the first and second conditional.
Use the first conditional if you think a future If we score one more point, we’ll win.
event is likely. (I think there’s a good chance of this)
Use the second conditional if you think it is If we scored one more point, we’d win.
unlikely. (I think It’s too difficult to do this)
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Match the sentence beginnings 1-8 with the most
NOW YOUR TURN: logical endings a-h
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NOW CHECK YOUR ANSWERS:
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Underline the correct option
1. What would / did you do if you’d see / you saw a robbery taking place?
2. Which of your body parts did / would you change if you would / had plastic surgery?
3. If my friend would be / were drunk, but still wanted to drive, I wouldn’t / didn’t let him to do it.
4. If you would be / were invited to the Carondelet Palace, What did / would you wear a suit?
5. If I knew / I’d know his number, I would call / called him at this moment.
6. Would / Did you cheat on your English test if the teacher left / would go the room?
7. What would / did you say if your boyfriend/girlfriend would propose / proposed to you tonight?
8. If a cashier accidentally would give /gave me extra change, I would give / gave it back immediately.
9. If you and your friend would be / were on a sinking ship with only one life-preserver, what do / would you do?
10.I forgot to do the assignment if you didn’t / wouldn’t call me, I was / would be in a lot of troubles.
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1. What would / did you do if you’d see / you saw a robbery taking place?
2. Which of your body parts did / would you change if you would / had plastic surgery?
3. If my friend would be / were drunk, but still wanted to drive, I wouldn’t / didn’t let him to do it.
4. If you would be / were invited to the Carondelet Palace, What did / would you wear a suit?
5. If I knew / I’d know his number, I would call / called him at this moment.
6. Would / Did you cheat on your English test if the teacher left / would go the room?
7. What would / did you say if your boyfriend/girlfriend would propose / proposed to you tonight?
8. If a cashier accidentally would give /gave me extra change, I would give / gave it back immediately.
9. If you and your friend would be / were on a sinking ship with only one life-preserver, what do / would you do?
10. I forgot to do the assignment if you didn’t / wouldn’t call me, I was / would be in a lot of troubles.
Instituto de Idiomas
Lesson B: Third conditional
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COMMON USES OF THIRD CONDITIONAL
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Third conditional
What does ‘d mean in each sentence? Write had or would.
1. If you’d (___) told me earlier, we’d (___) have saved a lot time.
2. I’d (___) have gone to see you if I’d (___) known that you were sick last week
3. He’d (___) not have taken the exam if he’d (___) known that it would be so difficult.
4. If she’d (___) been hungry, she ‘d (___) have eaten something in a break.
5. If I’d (___) gone to the party last night, I’d (___) be tired now.
Instituto de Idiomas
What does ‘d mean in each sentence? Write had or would.
1. If you’d (had) told me earlier, we’d (would) have saved a lot time.
2. If you’d (had) told me earlier, we’d (would) have saved a lot time.
3. He’d (would) not have taken the exam if he’d (had) known that it would be so difficult.
4. If she’d (had) been hungry, she ‘d (would) have eaten something in a break.
5. If I’d (had) gone to the party last night, I’d (would) be tired now.
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Correct the mistakes.
1.If you’d been there, you would enjoy yourself.
1.you would have enjoyed.
2.We couldn’t have bought the house if they wouldn’t have lent us
2._______________________________ .
the money.
3.If they hadn’t noticed the fire, the whole house could burned
3._______________________________.
down. 4._______________________________.
4.If I know it was dangerous, I’d never have gone there.
5._______________________________.
5.What you would have done if I hadn’t helped you?
6._______________________________.
6.He could have been an opera singer if he’d have some training.
7.If they’d arrive a few minutes later, they might have missed you 7._______________________________.
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1.If you’d been there, you would enjoy yourself.
1.you would have enjoyed.
2.We couldn’t have bought the house if they wouldn’t have lent us
2._if they hadn’t lent us_______ .
the money.
3.If they hadn’t noticed the fire, the whole house could burned 3.could have burned down.
down.
4.If I had known _________________ .
4.If I know it was dangerous, I’d never have gone there.
5.___What would you have done __ .
5.What you would have done if I hadn’t helped you?
6.___If he’d had _____________ .
6.He could have been an opera singer if he’d have some training.
7.If they’d arrive a few minutes later, they might have missed you. 7.If they’d arrived _________
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References:
• Empower – Students book with online course – Reprinted edition – 2018.
• Empower – Teacher Book.
• https://dictionary.cambridge.org
• MURPHY, Raymond and Altman, Roann - Grammar in use – Reference and
Practice for Intermediate Students of English of English
• Jacobi, Martin – Grammar Practice; Worksheet for 180 Interactive Grammar
Activities
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