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    Anatomy Foot and Ankle

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    dewiswahyu
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the foot and ankle. It describes the bones (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges), joints (talocrural, subtalar, Chopart's), ligaments (deltoid, collateral), arches (longitudinal, transverse), muscles (plantar, dorsal), blood vessels (dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial), and nerves (tibial, deep/superficial peroneal). The foot is divided into the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. Its bones, joints, ligaments, muscles and vasculature work together to support the body, absorb shock, and enable walking and running.

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    Anatomy Foot and Ankle

    Uploaded by

    dewiswahyu
    104 views33 pages
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the foot and ankle. It describes the bones (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges), joints (talocrural, subtalar, Chopart's), ligaments (deltoid, collateral), arches (longitudinal, transverse), muscles (plantar, dorsal), blood vessels (dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial), and nerves (tibial, deep/superficial peroneal). The foot is divided into the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. Its bones, joints, ligaments, muscles and vasculature work together to support the body, absorb shock, and enable walking and running.

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    Anatomy Foot and ankle

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    The document summarizes the anatomy of the foot and ankle. It describes the bones (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges), joints (talocrural, subtalar, Chopart's), ligaments (deltoid, collateral), arches (longitudinal, transverse), muscles (plantar, dorsal), blood vessels (dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial), and nerves (tibial, deep/superficial peroneal). The foot is divided into the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. Its bones, joints, ligaments, muscles and vasculature work together to support the body, absorb shock, and enable walking and running.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    104 views33 pages

    Anatomy Foot and Ankle

    Uploaded by

    dewiswahyu
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the foot and ankle. It describes the bones (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges), joints (talocrural, subtalar, Chopart's), ligaments (deltoid, collateral), arches (longitudinal, transverse), muscles (plantar, dorsal), blood vessels (dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial), and nerves (tibial, deep/superficial peroneal). The foot is divided into the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. Its bones, joints, ligaments, muscles and vasculature work together to support the body, absorb shock, and enable walking and running.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    ANATOMY OF

    FOOT AND ANKLE


    Osteology

     Consisting of 7 os tarsal,
    5 os metatarsal, and 14
    phalanges.
     Divided into 3:
     hindfoot( talus and
    calcaneus),
     midfoot (navicular,
    cuboid, and 3 cuneiforms),
    and
     forefoot (metatarsal and
    phalanges)
    Tarsal
     Consist of os talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular,
    cuneiforms (media, intermediate, & lateral)
    Metatarsal
     Consist of 5 bones. numbered I-V from medial to
    lateral direction
     Their shape and function are similar to those of the
    metacarpals of the hand
    Phalanges
     shape and function are similar to those of the hand
     Great toe has 2 phalanges, the others has 3
    phalanges
    Joints of the Ankle/Foot
     Talocrural Joint-joint in the ankle
    found between the tibia, fibula, and
    talus. Dorsi/plantar flexion
     Subtalar Joint-joint in the ankle found
    between the talus and calcaneus.
     Mid-tarsal joint (Chopart’s).
    This joint is really two joints - the joint
    between the talus and the navicular
    bone as well as the joint between the
    calcaneum and the cuboid bone.
    Ligament of the ankle joint

     Inferior tibiofibular joint is


    the syndesmosis joint.
     Anterior inferior tibiofibular
     Posterior inferior
    tibiofibular
     Inferior transverse ligament
     Interosseous ligament
    Ligament of the ankle joint
     Medial collateral ligament (deltoid)
    Delta shape, Very strong
     Anterior tibiotibiotalar
     Tibionavicular superfisial
     Tibiocalcaneal
     Posterior tibiotalar  deep
     Lateral collateral ligament
     Anterior talofibular
     Calcaneofibular
     Posterior talofibular
    Art. intertarsal
     Supported by several ligament:
     Interroseus talocalcaneal(cervical)
     Calcaneocuboid/calcaneonavicular(bifurcate)
     Calcaneocuboid-metatarsal(long plantar)
     Plantar calcaneocuboid(short plantar)
     Plantar calcaneonavicular(spring)
     Tarsometatarsal(lisfranc)
    Arches
     Ligaments in foot & ankle
    maintain arches
     Two longitudinal arches
     Medial longitudinal arch - extends
    from calcaneus bone to talus,
    navicular, 3 cuneiforms, and
    proximal ends of 3 medial
    metatarsals
     Lateral longitudinal arch - extends
    from calcaneus to cuboid and
    proximal ends of 4th & 5th
    metatarsals
     Transverse arch
     extends across foot from 1st metatarsal
    to the 5th metatarsal
    Function of arches of the foot
     Support and divide the body weight about equally
    between the calcaneus and the heads of the metatarsal
    bones
     Propel the body in walking or running
     Allow the long flexor and the muscle of the foot to act on
    the bones of the fore part of the foot and toes (take-off
    part) and greatly assist the propulsive force of
    gastrocnemius and soleus muscle
     Shock absorption
     Adapt to changes when walking on uneven surfaces
    Tarsal tunnel
     formed on the posteromedial side of the ankle by:
     a depression formed by the medial malleolus of the tibia,
     the medial and posterior surfaces of the talus,
     the medial surface of the calcaneus, and
     the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus;
     an overlying flexor retinaculum
    Plantar Fascia

    very dense organized layer of deep


    fascia that runs down the middle of
    the sole  plantar aponeurosis.

    The plantar aponeurosis is thought


    to help maintain the medial
    longitudinal arch of the foot.
    Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface
     Superficial (First)
    Layer
     Abductor Hallucis
     Abductor Digiti Minimi
     Flexor Digitorum
    Brevis
    Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

     Middle (second) Layer


     Quadratus Plantae
     Lumbricales
     flexor digitorum
    longus tendon,
     flexor hallucis longus
    tendon.
    Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

     Deep (third) Layer


     Flexor Hallucis Brevis
     Adductor Hallucis
     Transverse and Oblique
    Heads
     Flexor Digiti Minimi
    Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

     Interosseus (fourth)
    Layer
     Plantar Interossei
     Dorsal Interossei
    Foot Muscles – Dorsal Surface
     Extensor Digitorum
    Brevis
     Extensor Hallucis Brevis
    Artery and Nerve

     Blood supply of the foot is from :


    1-anterior tibial artery  dorsalis pedis artery.
    2-posterior tibial  the medial and lateral plantar
    arteries.
    3- peroneal arteries.
     Nerve supply of the foot:
    tibial, sural, superficial & deep peroneal
    Nerves of Foot and Ankles
     Tibial nerve
    splits into 2 branches under
    the flexor retinaculum
    (medial and lateral plantar
    nerves)
    Nerves of Foot and Ankles
    1. Medial plantar nerve
    Runs deep to the abductor hallucis. It
    innervate plantar sensation to the medial 3,5
    digits and motoric sensation of view plantar
    muscles (flexor hallucis brevis, abductor
    hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, 1st lumbrical)
    2. Lateral plantar nerve
    Runs obliquely under the cover of the
    quadratus plantae. It innervate lateral 1,5 digits
    and the remaining intrinsic muscles (quadratus
    plantae, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti
    minimi brevis, adductor hallucis, interossei,
    2nd-4th lumbrical)
    Nerves of Foot and Ankles
     Common peroneal nerve
     Splits into the superficial and deep
    branches in the leg
     Lateral terminal branch of the deep
    peroneal nerve innervate EDB
    muscle and the medial supplies
    sensation to the first web space
     The medial and intermediate
    dorsal cutaneus nerves of the
    superficial peroneal nerve supply
    the bulk of the remaining sensation
    to the dorsal foot
    Nerves of Foot and Ankles
     The medial dorsal cutaneus
    nerve crosses the EHL from
    lateral to medial direction and
    supplies sensation to the
    dorsomedial aspect of the
    great toe
    Blood supply of Talus
     Artery of tarsal canal
     Deltoid artery
     Direct superomedial arteries
     Artery of tarsal sinus
     Direct posterior arteries
    Vessels of Foot and Ankles
     Dorsalis pedis artery
     Continuation of the anterior
    tibial artery
     Vascularize dorsum of the foot
    via its lateral tarsal, medial
    tarsal, arcuate, and first dorsal
    metatarsal branches
     Deep plantar artery runs
    between the first and second
    metatarsal and contributes to
    the plantar arch
    Vessels of Foot and Ankles
     Posterior tibial artery
     Divides into the medial
    and lateral plantar
    branches under the
    abductor hallucis muscle
     The larger lateral branch
    receives the deep plantar
    artery and forms the
    plantar arch in the fourth
    layer of the plantar foot
    Veins
     The deep veins follow the arteries.
     Superficial veins drain into a dorsal
    venous arch on the dorsal surface of
    the foot over the metatarsals
     the great saphenous vein originates
    from the medial side of the arch and
    passes anterior to the medial malleolus
    and onto the medial side of the leg;
     the small saphenous vein originates
    from the lateral side of the arch and
    passes posterior to the lateral malleolus
    and onto the back of the leg.
    Phase of gait
    THANKYOU

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