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Differential Pulse Code Modulation

The document discusses differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) encoding and decoding. It provides block diagrams of the DPCM transmitter and receiver. It then gives examples of encoding an input signal using first-order prediction and calculating the error signal and quantized output signal. The decoded signal is shown to be reconstructed from the error signal and predicted output. It also discusses using a mid-rise quantizer for DPCM.

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G-25 Sophia Valenzuela
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110 views15 pages

Differential Pulse Code Modulation

The document discusses differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) encoding and decoding. It provides block diagrams of the DPCM transmitter and receiver. It then gives examples of encoding an input signal using first-order prediction and calculating the error signal and quantized output signal. The decoded signal is shown to be reconstructed from the error signal and predicted output. It also discusses using a mid-rise quantizer for DPCM.

Uploaded by

G-25 Sophia Valenzuela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DPCM GROUP 5

Differential Pulse Code Modulation


DPCM Transmitter

Quantizer Output is represented as

v(nTs)=Q[e(nTs)]v(nTs)=Q[e(nTs)]
=e(nTs)+q(nTs)

Where q (nTs) is the quantization error

Predictor input is the sum of quantizer output and predictor output,

u(nTs)=xˆ(nTs)+v(nTs)u(nTs)=x^(nTs)+v(nTs)
u(nTs)=xˆ(nTs)+e(nTs)+q(nTs)u(nTs)=x^(nTs)+e(nTs)+q(nTs)
u(nTs)=x(nTs)+q(nTs)
DPCM Receiver

The block diagram of DPCM Receiver consists of a decoder, a


predictor, and a summer circuit. Following is the diagram of DPCM
Receiver.
DPCM Transmitter

The DPCM Transmitter consists of Quantizer and Predictor with two


summer circuits. Following is the block diagram of DPCM transmitter.
DPCM - Problem 1

Consider the input of a differential pulse code modulation are the


following examples.

x(n) = { 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.6 , 2.7 , 2.8 }

Plot the table and identify the encoded signal and decoded signal of a
DPCM.

Assume first order prediction filter.

x^(n) = Xq (n-1) where initial value is zero.


ENCODER - DPCM

e (n) xq (n)
x (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1) eq (n)
= x (n) - x^(n) =x^(n) + eq (n)

2.1 0 2.1 2 2

2.2 2 0.2 0 2
Transmitted Signal:
2.3 2 0.3 0 2

2.6
2-0-0-1-0-0
2 0.6 1 3

2.7 3 -0.3 0 3

2.8 3 -0.2 0 3
DECODER - DPCM

xq (n)
eq (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1)
=x^(n) + eq (n)

2 0 2

0 2 2
Recieved Signal:
0 2 2

1
2-2-2-3-3-3
2 3

0 3 3

0 3 3
DPCM

Recieved Signal:

2-2-2-3-3-3

Input Signal:

2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 2.6 - 2.7 - 2.8


DPCM - Problem 2

Consider the input of a differential pulse code modulation are the following
examples.

x(n) = { 0.9 , 1.4 , 3.7 , 2.8 , 3.5 , 2.8 }

Plot the table and identify the encoded signal and decoded signal of a
DPCM.

Assume first order prediction filter.

x^(n) = Xq (n-1) where initial value is zero.


ENCODER - DPCM

e (n) xq (n)
x (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1) eq (n)
= x (n) - x^(n) =x^(n) + eq (n)

0.9 0 0.9 1 1

1.4 1 0.4 0 1
Transmitted Signal:
3.7 1 2.7 3 4

2.8
1 - 0 - 3 - (-1) - 1 - (-1)
4 -1.2 -1 3

3.5 3 0.5 1 4

2.8 4 -1.2 -1 3
DECODER - DPCM

xq (n)
eq (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1)
=x^(n) + eq (n)

1 0 1

0 1 1
Recieved Signal:
3 1 4

-1
1-1-4-3-4-3
4 3

1 3 4

-1 4 3
DPCM

Recieved Signal:

1-1-4-3-4-3

Input Signal:

0.9 - 1.4 - 3.7 - 2.8 - 3.5 - 2.8


DPCM - MIDRISE QUANTIZER

The Mid-Rise type is so called because the origin lies in the middle of


a raising part of the stair-case like graph.

The quantization levels in this type are even in number.


ENCODER - DPCM - MIDRISE TYPE

e (n) xq (n)
x (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1) eq (n)
= x (n) - x^(n) =x^(n) + eq (n)

0 0 0 0.5 0.5

1 0.5 Transmitted
0.5 Signal: 0.5 1

{0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.5, 1.5, -0.5}


2 1 1 0.5 1.5

3 1.5 1.5 1.5 3

4.5 3 1.5 1.5 4.5

3.5 4.5 -1 -0.5 4


DECODER - DPCM - MIDRISE TYPE

xq (n)
eq (n) x^(n)=xq(n-1)
=x^(n) + eq (n)

0.5 0 0.5

0.5 0.5 1
Recieved Signal:
0.5 1 1.5

1.5
{0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 4}
1.5 3

1.5 3 4.5

-0.5 4.5 4

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