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Lecture 4 - Defuzzification

Defuzzification is the process of converting a fuzzy quantity into a crisp value. There are several methods of defuzzification including the centroid method, weighted average method, max membership method, and center of sums method. Each method calculates the defuzzified value differently based on properties of the membership functions like area, centroid, or maximum membership values.

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148 views

Lecture 4 - Defuzzification

Defuzzification is the process of converting a fuzzy quantity into a crisp value. There are several methods of defuzzification including the centroid method, weighted average method, max membership method, and center of sums method. Each method calculates the defuzzified value differently based on properties of the membership functions like area, centroid, or maximum membership values.

Uploaded by

garg_sherry
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEFUZZIFICATION

 Defuzzification is a process of converting output fuzzy variable into


a unique number.

 Defuzzification process has the capability to reduce a fuzzy set into


a crisp single-valued quantity or into a crisp set;

 to convert a fuzzy matrix into a crisp matrix; or

 to convert a fuzzy number into a crisp number.


-CUT OF A FUZZY SET A
 α-cut (-cut) of a fuzzy set A is set of all points x in X
such that
 {(x∣ µA(x) ≥ α }
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS : Example

perform λ-cut operations for the values of λ = 1, 0.9, 0. These crisp


relations are :
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS

λ-cuts on fuzzy relations obey certain properties, just as λ-


cuts on fuzzy sets do
EXAMPLES:

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METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS
 Defuzzification is the process of conversion of a fuzzy
quantity into a precise quantity, just as fuzzification is the
conversion of a precise quantity to a fuzzy quantity.

 The output of a fuzzy process can be the logical union of two


or more fuzzy membership functions defined on the universe
of discourse of the output variable.

 The union of these membership functions, that is, involves


the max operator, which graphically is the outer envelope of
the graphical shapes
METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS

 For example:

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METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS

 Defuzzification methods include:

 Max-membership principle,
 Centroid method,
 Weighted average method,
 Mean-max membership,
 Center of sums,
 Center of largest area,
 First of maxima, last of maxima.

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MAX MEMBERSHIP METHOD

 Also known as the height method

 Fuzzy set with the largest membership value is selected.

 If two decisions have same membership max, use the


average of the two.
WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

 Computationally efficient method


 Unfortunately, it is usually restricted to symmetrical output
membership functions
 It is formed by weighting each membership function in the
output by its respective maximum membership value
WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

 Example:

 Since the method is limited to symmetrical membership


functions, the values a and b are the means (centroids) of
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their respective shapes
MEAN MAX MEMBERSHIP METHOD

 Also called middle-of-maxima is closely related to the first


method, except that the locations of the maximum
membership can be non-unique

 The maximum membership can be a plateau rather than a


single point
Weighted average and mean max
membership METHOD

 Example:

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 Weighted average

 Mean max
membership

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CENTROID METHOD
 This method is also known as center-of-mass, center-of-area, or
center-of-gravity method.

 It is the most commonly used defuzzification method.

 The defuzzified output x* is defined as


CENTROID METHOD

 Example:

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CENTROID METHOD
x* 
 Ax
A
x*  18.353 / 3.715
5.5

 4.9

0.5 0.25

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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION

 Centroid of Triangle

 
Area = 1/2 * Base * Height
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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION
 Centroid of Isosceles Trapezoid

Cx Cy Area

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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION
 Centroid of General Trapezoid

Cx Cy Area

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EXAMPLE
Find the defuzzified output value using different
defuzzification methods for the given membership functions

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EXERCISE

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CENTER OF SUMS
 This method employs the algebraic sum of the individual fuzzy
subsets instead of their unions

 The calculations here are very fast but the main drawback is that the
intersecting areas are added twice

 The defuzzified value z* is given by


CENTER OF SUMS
 Example:

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CENTER OF LARGEST AREA

 If the output fuzzy set has at least two convex subregions,


then the center of gravity (i.e., z∗ is calculated using the
centroid method) of the convex fuzzy sub-region with the
largest area is used to obtain the defuzzified value z∗ of the
output.
CENTER OF LARGEST AREA

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FIRST OF MAXIMA (or LAST OF MAXIMA)

This method uses the overall output or union of all individual


output fuzzy sets Ck to determine the smallest value of the
domain with maximized membership degree in Ck.

First-of-Maxima

Last-of-Maxima
FIRST OF MAXIMA (LAST OF MAXIMA)

 Example

First of maxima Last of maxima

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