Modern agriculture faces complex problems from climate change, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and changing consumer tastes. The document discusses issues Indian agriculture faces like declining farm sizes, deteriorating soil health from erratic rainfall, depleting water resources, and increasing input costs. It also outlines government initiatives to address these issues like soil surveys, promoting organic farming through composting and vermicomposting, and distributing biofertilizers and green manure crops to improve soil fertility.
Modern agriculture faces complex problems from climate change, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and changing consumer tastes. The document discusses issues Indian agriculture faces like declining farm sizes, deteriorating soil health from erratic rainfall, depleting water resources, and increasing input costs. It also outlines government initiatives to address these issues like soil surveys, promoting organic farming through composting and vermicomposting, and distributing biofertilizers and green manure crops to improve soil fertility.
Modern agriculture faces complex problems from climate change, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and changing consumer tastes. The document discusses issues Indian agriculture faces like declining farm sizes, deteriorating soil health from erratic rainfall, depleting water resources, and increasing input costs. It also outlines government initiatives to address these issues like soil surveys, promoting organic farming through composting and vermicomposting, and distributing biofertilizers and green manure crops to improve soil fertility.
Modern agriculture faces complex problems from climate change, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, and changing consumer tastes. The document discusses issues Indian agriculture faces like declining farm sizes, deteriorating soil health from erratic rainfall, depleting water resources, and increasing input costs. It also outlines government initiatives to address these issues like soil surveys, promoting organic farming through composting and vermicomposting, and distributing biofertilizers and green manure crops to improve soil fertility.
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Modren Agriculture and
complex problems. Co2 Project team. 1. 2100031961 K Yogesh
2. 2100031646 A Sai surya
3. 2100031716 j.Lalitha Rupavani
4. 2100032068 G Lahari
5. 2100032044 G Jashuva
6. 2100031310 V.David steeve.
Introduction The farm economy was weak long before the pandemic. For years, chronic overproduction has severely depressed commodity prices. Global trade disputes that eroded export markets certainly didn’t help, nor did corporate control of the agriculture industry.
But new pandemic-related disruptions have pushed down prices even lower than they were before so much so that growers of many major commodities are losing money on everything they sell. Though the reasons vary from commodity to commodity, the decline can largely be attributed to backed up supply chains, market losses, and shifts in consumption.
India has enough food; does it have too many people working in agriculture? The pressure on land is an outcome of policy, which condemns most people to marginal farming. India needs a different set of solutions for agriculture and for those working the land. Basic Farming. Farming is the act or process of working the ground, planting seeds, and growing edible plants. You can also describe raising animals for milk or meat as farming. About the problem. There are increasing pressures from climate change, soil erosion and biodiversity loss and from consumers’ changing tastes in food and concerns about how it is produced. And the natural world that farming works with – plants, pests and diseases – continue to pose their own challenges. OVERVIEW OF AGRICULTURE ● Average Rainfall – 921.50 mm (National average -1200mm)
● Urbanization and industrialization resulted in reduction of
○ Gross Cropped Area to 58.90 L.Ha (2011-2012) from 66.32 L.Ha (1990-91)
○ Net Cropped Area to 49.86 L.Ha (2011-12) from 55.78 L.Ha(1990-91)
CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE
● Marginalization of land holdings - Declining farm size and income
● Deteriorating soil health ● Spatial and temporal variability in rain - erratic rainfall due to cyclonic North East Monsoon ● Depleting natural resource base particularly water, both ground and surface water
8 CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE ● Escalating inputs cost
● Inadequate capital formation by the public sector
● Declining public investment in agriculture
● Shortage of Labour force
● Incomplete adoption of location specific cropping system
● Poor adoption of improved crop management practices
● Inadequate post harvest technologies, uncertain market prospects and linkages
9 THRUST AREAS ● Rejuvenation of soil health to increase the productivity
● Conjunctive use of water
● Supply and management of quality inputs
● Effective and economic utilization of inputs
● Increasing the net cultivable area
● Improving the Farmers Economic Development Index
● Investment for increased capacity utilization of agriculture infrastructure.
10 LAND & SOIL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT contd… FERTILITY STATUS OF SOIL
○ Organic matter content has depleted from 1.26% in 1980s to 0.68% in 2010-11.
○ Nutrient status of Tamil Nadu
■ Nitrogen (N) , Phosphorus (P) - low-medium
■ Potassium (K) - medium
■ Zinc, Copper and Boron - deficient
GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES ●SOIL SURVEY & LAND USE
○ Reconnaissance soil survey at taluk level and detailed soil survey at village level - four Soil Survey Units
■ demarcate the area into soil order & series
■ study the characteristics of the soil, nutrient status, Land irrigability, Land capability, Crop suitability etc.
■ Soil profile studied and classified according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
■ Extent of soil mapped on standard topographic base maps
■ interpreted to recommend survey number wise crop management strategies.
LAND & SOIL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT contd…
MAIN INITIATIVES ●Organic farming for sustainable agriculture: •Organic matter content declined – from 1.26% (1980s) to 0.68% (2010-2011) •Compost from farm waste using Pleurotus •Vermicomposting of agricultural waste thro’ demo cum training •Liquid biofertilizers – 5 BFPUs strengthened – capacity 2.5 lakh litres per annum. •Blue Green Algae & Azolla produced and distributed to farmers •Green manure crop seeds procured and distributed to the farmers at a subsidy of 50%. •Enrichment of Soil Fertility through Trash Mulching in Sugarcane (2019-2020) - 5000 Ha – Allocation Rs.1.01 crore. Thank you
