Seven Star International School: SESSION 2021-2022 Chemistry

Seven Star International
School
BANI, HAMIRPUR (H.P.)
SESSION 2021-2022
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT OF
CHEMISTRY
TOPIC : EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS PRESENT

IN ANISEED (Saunf), CARUM (Ajwain), CARDAMUM
(Illaichi).
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. Santosh Banyal Manu Dhiman
XII Sci.
Roll NO. 13
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MANU DHIMAN of CLASS-
XII has sucessfully completed the CHEMISTRY
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT on the topic
"EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS PRESENT IN
ANISEED (Saunf), CARUM (Ajwain),
CARDAMOM (Illaichi)" under the guidance of
Chemistry teacher Mrs. SANTOSH BANYAL.
During the ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022. As per

the guidelines issued by CBSE (Central Board Of
Secondary Education).
TEACHER INCHARGE : EXAMINER'S SIGNATURE:
SCHOOL SEAL: PRINCIPAL'S SIGNATURE:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all
those who have provided me with the opportunity to
perform this project.
I would like to thank my chemistry teacher Mrs. Santosh

Banyal, whose valuable guidance has helped me to
complete the project. Her suggestion and instructions
have served as a major contributor towards the
successful outcome of this project.
I take this opportunity to thank our principal mam, who

was always supportive and helpful in fulfilling all our
academic requirements.
I would like to thank my parents for giving me

encouragement, enthusiasm, and invaluable assistance
to me.
Last but not the least; I would like to thank those who
had helped me directly or indirectly towards the
completion of this project.
3
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. AIM
3. ANISEED (Saunf) OIL
4. CARUM (Ajwain) OIL
5. CARDAMOM (Illaichi)
6. EXPERIMENT
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
4
INTRODUCTION
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophoboc liquid containing
volatile aroma compounds from plants. They are also known as
Volatile oils or ethereal oils,
aetherolea etc. Essential oils are
made up of highly volatile
substances which can be extracted
from numerous plant species .
Distillation based recovery processes
such as steam and
vacuum distillisation are preferred for the extraction of essential
oils from plant materials. Virtually all naturally occurimg essential
oils are made up of hydro carbons such as camphene, pinene ,
Limonene, phellandrene , cedrene
And oxygenated hydrocarbons such as
Alcohols , aldehydes , esters , ethers ,
Ketones , lactones , phenols and organic
acid. The essential oils get their odour
from the oxygenated compounds
cpntained in them .
and these confer stability on the oil
against oxidation .
The hydrocarbons are less stable and
they are responsible for the
degradation observed in the oils .
The hydrocarbons contained in the
essential oils are often removed so that the oils can be more
stable and still retain their odours and flavours .
5
AIM
" EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS PRESENT IN
ANISEED (Saunf), CARUM (Ajwain), AND
CARDAMOM (Illaichi)."
6
ANISEED (Saunf) OIL
 BOTANICAL NAME:
Pimpinella anisum.
 COLOUR: Clear

 COMMON METHOD OF EXTRACTION:

Steam Distillation
 AROMATIC DESCRIPTION:
Distinctive scent of licorice. Rich and sweet.
 CONSTITUENTS:
A-pinene, camphene, B-pinene, linalool,
cis-anethole, trans-anethole, safrole,
anisaldehyde, acetoanisole.
7
 USES:
• In aromatherapy, aniseed essential oil is used
to treat colds and flu.
• Aniseed oil can be made into a liquid scent
and is used for both
hunting and fishing. It is put on fishing lures to
attract fish.
• Anethole, the principal component of anise
oil, is a precursor that can
eventually produce 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
which is can be used in
the clandestine synthesis of psychedelic drugs
such as 2C-B, 2C-I and DOB.
• Oil of aniseed is also reported to be used as an
aromatic carminative
to relieve flatulence, and as an ingredient of
cough lozenges in
combination with liquorice.
• Essential oil is also used externally as an
insecticide against small
insects such as head lice, mites and vermin. It
also has fungicidal
properties.
8
CARUM (Ajwain) OIL
9
 USES :
10
CARDAMUM (Illaichi) OIL
11
 USES :
12
EXPERIMENT
 MATERIALS REQUIRED :
• Steam generator (Copper Vessel)

• round bottom flask (500 ml),
• conical flask
• Condenser
• glass tubes
• iron stand
• sand bath
• separatory funnel
• tripod stands
• burners
• Ajwain(Carum)
• Petroleum ether(60-80°C)
• Saunf(Aniseed)
13
 PROCEDURE :
1.Set the apparatus as shown in the picture of Experimental
Setup. The apparatus consists of a steam generator connected
to the round bottom flask through a glass inlet tube. The flask
is connected to a water condenser through a glass outlet tube.
Condenser is further attached to a receiver through an adaptor.
2.Take about 750ml of water in the steam generator and start
heating to produce steam.
3.In the round bottom flask take about 75g of crushed
saunf(aniseed).
4.A vigorous current of steam from steam generator is passed
through the round bottom
flask.
5.A part of the steam condenses
in the round bottom flask. As
more and more steam is passed,
the steam volatile components
of saunf pass through
condenser along with steam. These contents on condensation
are collected in the receiver.
6.The contents in the round bottom flask may be heated by a
bunsen burner to prevent excessive condensation of steam.
7.The process of steam distillation is continued for about half an
hour.
8.Transfer the distillate to a separating funnel and extract with
20ml portions of petroleum ether 3 times.
9.Combine the petroleum ether extracts in a 250ml conical flask
and dry it with the help of anhydrous sodium sulphate.
10.Remove the solvent from the dried filtrate by careful
distillation in a water bath. The essential oil is left behind in the
distillation flask.
11.Find the weight of the extracted essential oil. Note the colour,
odour and weight of the essential oil.
14
 OBSERVATIONS :
1.Saunf(Aniseed):
• Weight of Saunf taken=
• Initial weight of the bottle=
• Weight of bottle+essential oil=
• Weight of essential extracted=
• Percentage of essential oil=
• Colour of the oil= Colourless
• Odour of the oil= saunf like smell
2. Ajwain(Carum):
• Weight of Saunf taken=
• Initial Weight of the bottle=
• Weight of the bottle+essential oil=
• Weight of essential oil extracted=
Essential oils present in aniseed, carum and cardamom are
extracted from this method.
• Colour of the oil= colourless
• Odour of the oil= Ajwain like smell
3. Illaichi(Cardamom):
• Weight of illaichi taken=
• Initial Weight of the bottle=
• Weight of the bottle+essential oil=
• Weight of essential oil extracted=
• Colour of the oil= colourless
• Odour of the oil= Illaichi like smell
 RESULT :
Essential oils present in aniseed , carum and cardamom
are extracted from steam distillation method.
15
Click
BIBLIOGRAPHY
to add text
• www.slideshare.net
Click to add text
• www.icbse.com
• www.zemvelocare.com
• www.katyaniexports.com
16

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Seven Star International

BANI, HAMIRPUR (H.P.)

TOPIC : EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS PRESENT

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

During the ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022. As per

TEACHER INCHARGE : EXAMINER'S SIGNATURE:

SCHOOL SEAL: PRINCIPAL'S SIGNATURE:

I would like to thank my chemistry teacher Mrs. Santosh

I take this opportunity to thank our principal mam, who

I would like to thank my parents for giving me

3. ANISEED (Saunf) OIL

4. CARUM (Ajwain) OIL

 COMMON METHOD OF EXTRACTION:

• Steam generator (Copper Vessel)

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