Introduction to Data Science

Overview

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 Data Source

Evolution of Technology has generated a lot of data, where most of these data are
not structured.
Internet Of Thing (IOT) produces huge amount of data that is measured in
Zettabyte (a unit of information equal to one sextillion (1021) or, strictly, 270 bytes.)
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Data Source

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 Data Source

Therefore, we can not rely on the traditional data processing systems 4

What is Data Science?

Data Science is the area of study which involves extracting insights from vast
amounts of data by the use of various scientific methods, algorithms, and
processes. It helps you to discover hidden patterns from the raw data.

The term Data Science has emerged because of the evolution of mathematical
statistics, data analysis, and big data.

Data Science is an interdisciplinary field that allows you to extract knowledge from
structured or unstructured data. Data science enables you to translate a business
problem into a research project and then translate it back into a practical solution.

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 Why Data Science?
Here, are significant advantages of using Data Analytics Technology:
1. Data is the oil for today's world. With the right tools, technologies, algorithms,
we can use data and convert it into a distinctive business advantage.
2. Data Science can help you to detect fraud using advanced machine learning
algorithms.
3. It helps you to prevent any significant monetary losses.
4. Allows to build intelligence ability in machines.
5. You can perform sentiment analysis to gauge customer brand loyalty.
6. It enables you to take better and faster decisions.
7. Helps you to recommend the right product to the right customer to enhance
your business.

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Data Science Components

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 Data Science Components
1. Statistics:
Statistics is the most critical unit in Data science. It is the method or science of
collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities to get useful insights.

2. Visualization:
Visualization technique helps you to access huge amounts of data in easy to
understand and digestible visuals.

3. domain expert
is a person who is an authority in a particular area or topic. The term domain
expert is frequently used in expert systems software development, and there
the term always refers to the domain other than the software domain. A
domain expert is a person with special knowledge or skills in a particular area of
endeavour (e.g. an accountant is an expert in the domain of accountancy). The
development of accounting software requires knowledge in two different
domains: accounting and software.

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 Data Science Components
4. Data Engineer
A data engineer is a worker whose primary job responsibilities involve preparing
data for analytical or operational uses. The specific tasks handled by data
engineers can vary from organization to organization but typically include
building data pipelines to pull together information from different source
systems; integrating, consolidating and cleansing data; and structuring it for use
in individual analytics applications.

5. Advanced Computing
The full complement of capabilities that support compute- and data-intensive
research across the entire science and engineering spectrum, which are too
expensive to be purchased by an individual research group or department and
perhaps too expensive even for an individual research institution. 
6. Machine Learning:
Machine Learning explores the building and study of algorithms which learn to
make predictions about unforeseen/future data.

7. Deep Learning:
Deep Learning method is new machine learning research where the algorithm
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selects the analysis model to follow.
 Data Science Jobs Roles
Most prominent Data Scientist job titles are:

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Data Scientist:

Role:
A Data Scientist is a professional who manages enormous amounts of data to come
up with compelling business visions by using various tools, techniques,
methodologies, algorithms, etc.

Languages:
R, SAS, Python, SQL, Hive, Matlab, Pig, Spark

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Data Scientist Skills List

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 Data Science Jobs Roles
Data Engineer:

Role:
The role of data engineer is of working with large amounts of data. He develops,
constructs, tests, and maintains architectures like large scale processing system and
databases.

Languages:
SQL, Hive, R, SAS, Matlab, Python, Java, Ruby, C + +, and Perl

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 Data Science Jobs Roles
Data Analyst:

Role:
A data analyst is responsible for mining vast amounts of data. He or she will look for
relationships, patterns, trends in data. Later he or she will deliver compelling
reporting and visualization for analyzing the data to take the most viable business
decisions.

Languages:
R, Python, HTML, JS, C, C+ + , SQL

Statistician:

Role:
The statistician collects, analyses, understand qualitative and quantitative data by
using statistical theories and methods.

Languages:
SQL, R, Matlab, Tableau, Python, Perl, Spark, and Hive
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 Data Science Jobs Roles

Data Administrator:

Role:
Data admin should ensure that the database is accessible to all relevant users. He
also makes sure that it is performing correctly and is being kept safe from hacking.

Languages:
Ruby on Rails, SQL, Java, C#, and Python

Business Analyst:

Role:
This professional need to improves business processes. He/she as an intermediary
between the business executive team and IT department.

Languages:
SQL, Tableau, Power BI and, Python

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Tools for Data Science

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 Applications of Data science
Internet Search:
Google search use Data science technology to search a specific result within a
fraction of a second

Recommendation Systems:
To create a recommendation system. Example, "suggested friends" on Facebook or
suggested videos" on YouTube, everything is done with the help of Data Science.

Image & Speech Recognition:

Speech recognizes system like Siri, Google assistant, Alexa runs on the technique
of Data science. Moreover, Facebook recognizes your friend when you upload a
photo with them, with the help of Data Science.

Gaming world:
EA Sports, Sony, Nintendo, are using Data science technology. This enhances your
gaming experience. Games are now developed using Machine Learning technique.
It can update itself when you move to higher levels.

Online Price Comparison:

PriceRunner, Junglee, Shopzilla work on the Data science mechanism. Here, data18is
fetched from the relevant websites using APIs.
Data Science Life Cycle

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1. Business Requirements

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2. Data Acquisition

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3. Data Processing

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4. Data Exploration

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5. Modelling

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6. Deployment

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 Challenges of Data science Technology

1. High variety of information & data is required for accurate analysis

2. Not adequate data science talent pool available
3. Management does not provide financial support for a data science team
4. Unavailability of/difficult access to data
5. Data Science results not effectively used by business decision makers
6. Explaining data science to others is difficult
7. Privacy issues
8. Lack of significant domain expert
9. If an organization is very small, they can't have a Data Science team

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 Summary

Data Science is the area of study which involves extracting insights from vast amounts
of data by the use of various scientific methods, algorithms, and processes.

Statistics, Visualization, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, are important Data Science
concepts.

Data Science Process goes through Discovery, Data Preparation, Model Planning,
Model Building, Operationalize, Communicate Results.

Important Data Scientist job roles are: 1) Data Scientist 2) Data Engineer 3) Data
Analyst 4) Statistician 5) Data Architect 6) Data Admin 7) Business Analyst 8)
Data/Analytics Manager

R, SQL, Python, SaS, are essential Data science tools

Important applications of Data science are 1) Internet Search 2) Recommendation

Systems 3) Image & Speech Recognition 4) Gaming world 5) Online Price Comparison.
High variety of information & data is the biggest challenge of Data Science technology.
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