Henry Fayol .........

Introduction
Henri Fayol (29 July 1841 – 19

November 1925) was a French
mining engineer, mining executive,
author and director of mines who
developed general theory of business
administration that is often called
Fayolism
14 principals of Henri fayol
1. Division of work 2. Authority and responsibility
3. Discipline 4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction 6.Subordination of

individual interest
7. Remuneration
8. The degree of 9. Scalar chain
centralization
10. Order 11.equity
12. Stability of tenure of 13. Initiative

personnel
14. Esprit de corps

1. Division of work
In practice, employees are specialized in different areas and

they have different skills. Different levels of expertise can be
distinguished within the knowledge areas (from generalist to
specialist). Personal and professional developments support
this. According to Henri Fayol specialization promotes
efficiency of the workforce and increases productivity. In
addition, the specialization of the workforce increases their
accuracy and speed. This management principle of the 14
principles of management is applicable to both technical and
managerial activities.
2. Authority and responsibility
In order to get things done in an organization, management

has the authority to give orders to the employees. Of
course with this authority comes responsibility. According
to Henri Fayol, the accompanying power or authority gives
01the management the right to give orders to the
subordinates. The responsibility can be traced back from
performance and it is therefore necessary to make
agreements about this. In other words, authority and
responsibility go together and they are two sides of the
same coin
3. Discipline
This third principle of the 14

principles of management is
about obedience. It is often a
part of the core values of a
mission and vision in the
form of good conduct and
respectful interactions. This
management principle is
essential and is seen as the oil
to make the engine of an
organization run smoothly.
4. Unity of
command
‘Unity of command’ means that an individual employee
should receive orders from one manager and that the
employee is answerable to that manager. If tasks and related
responsibilities are given to the employee by more than one
manager, this may lead to confusion which may lead to
possible conflicts for employees. By using this principle,
the responsibility for mistakes can be established more
easily.
5. Unity of direction
This management principle of the 14 principles of

management is all about focus and unity. All
employees deliver the same activities that can be
linked to the same objectives. All activities must
be carried out by one group that forms a team.
These activities must be described in a plan of
action. The manager is ultimately responsible for
this plan and he monitors the progress of the
defined and planned activities
6. Subordination of
individual interest
There are always all kinds of interests in an

organization. In order to have an organization
function well, Henri Fayol indicated that personal
interests are subordinate to the interests of the
organization (ethics). The primary focus is on the
organizational objectives and not on those of the
individual. This applies to all levels of the entire
organization, including the managers.
7.Remuneration
Motivation and productivity are

close to one another as far as the
smooth running of an organization is
concerned. This management
principle of the 14 principles of
management argues that the
remuneration should be sufficient to
keep employees motivated and
productive. There are two types of
remuneration namely non-monetary
(a compliment, more responsibilities,
credits) and monetary
(compensation
8. The degree of
centralization
Management and authority for decision-
making process must be properly balanced
in an organization. This depends on the
volume and size of an organization
including its hierarchy.
Centralization implies the concentration of

decision making authority at the top
management (executive board).
9. Scalar chain
Hierarchy presents itself in any given

organization. This varies from senior
management (executive board) to the lowest
levels in the organization. Henri Fayol ’s
“hierarchy” management principle states that
there should be a clear line in the area of
authority (from top to bottom and all
managers at all levels).
10. Order
principle of the 14 principles of management, employees in an

have the right resources at their disposal so that they can function
According toganization.
this principle
In addition of the 14
to social orderprinciples
(responsibilityof management,
of the managers)
employees in an organization
the work must
environment must haveclean
be safe, theandright
tidy. resources at
their disposal so that they can function properly in an
organization. In addition to social order (responsibility of the
managers) the work environment must be safe, clean and tidy
11.Equity
The management principle of
equity often occurs in the core
values of an organization.
According to Henri Fayol,
employees must be treated kindly
and equally. Employees must be in
the right place in the organization to
do things right. Managers should
supervise and monitor this process
and they should treat employees
fairly and impartially.
12.Stability of Tenure Of personnel
This management principle of the 14

principles of management represents
deployment and managing of personnel
and this should be in balance with the
service that is provided from the
organization. Management strives to
minimize employee turnover and to
have the right staff in the right place.
Focus areas such as frequent change of
position and sufficient development
must be managed well.
13. Initiative
Henri Fayol argued that with this management

principle employees should be allowed to
express new ideas. This encourages interest and
involvement and creates added value for the
company.
Employee initiatives are a source of strength for
the organization according to Henri Fayol. This
encourages the employees to be involved and
interested.
14. Esprit de
Corps
The management principle ‘esprit de corps’ of the

14 principles of management stands for striving for
the involvement and unity of the employees.
Managers are responsible for the development of
morale in the workplace; individually and in the
area of communication. Esprit de corps contributes
to the development of the culture and creates an
atmosphere of mutual trust and understanding.
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Introduction

Henri Fayol (29 July 1841 – 19

3. Discipline 4. Unity of command

5. Unity of direction 6.Subordination of

10. Order 11.equity

12. Stability of tenure of 13. Initiative

14. Esprit de corps

In practice, employees are specialized in different areas and

In order to get things done in an organization, management

This third principle of the 14

This management principle of the 14 principles of

There are always all kinds of interests in an

Motivation and productivity are

Centralization implies the concentration of

Hierarchy presents itself in any given

principle of the 14 principles of management, employees in an

This management principle of the 14

Henri Fayol argued that with this management

The management principle ‘esprit de corps’ of the

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