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Desizing: Submitted By: Fathima Faumina.M

The document discusses desizing, which is the process of removing size from warp yarns after weaving. Size is applied to warp yarns before weaving to reduce friction and prevent breakage, but must be removed before dyeing or finishing. There are two main methods of desizing - hydrolytic and oxidative. Hydrolytic methods use acids or alkalis to break down size molecules, while oxidative methods use oxidizing agents. Enzymatic desizing using amylase enzymes is the most popular hydrolytic method as it effectively removes size without damaging fibers. The document also outlines various desizing processes like rot steeping, alkali steeping, acid steeping and oxidative methods.

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Fathima Faumi
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192 views16 pages

Desizing: Submitted By: Fathima Faumina.M

The document discusses desizing, which is the process of removing size from warp yarns after weaving. Size is applied to warp yarns before weaving to reduce friction and prevent breakage, but must be removed before dyeing or finishing. There are two main methods of desizing - hydrolytic and oxidative. Hydrolytic methods use acids or alkalis to break down size molecules, while oxidative methods use oxidizing agents. Enzymatic desizing using amylase enzymes is the most popular hydrolytic method as it effectively removes size without damaging fibers. The document also outlines various desizing processes like rot steeping, alkali steeping, acid steeping and oxidative methods.

Uploaded by

Fathima Faumi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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desizing

Submitted by :
Fathima Faumina.M
Define desizing:
Desizing is done in order to remove the size from the
warp yarns of the woven fabrics. Warp yarns are coated
with sizing agents prior to weaving in order to reduce
their frictional properties, decrease yarn breakages on
the loom and improve weaving productivity by increasing
weft insertion speeds. The sizing material present on the
warp yarns can act as a resist towards dyes and chemicals
in textile wet processing. It must, therefore, be removed
before any subsequent wet processing of the fabric.
Objects of desizing:
● To remove the starch material from the fabric.
● To increase the absorbency power of the fabric.
● To increase the affinity of the fabric to the dry
chemicals.
● To make the fabric suitable for the next process.
● To increase the luster of the fabric increase of
dyeing and printing.
Factors of Size Removal Efficiency
● The factors, on which the efficiency of size removal
depends, are as follows:
● Type and amount of size applied
● Viscosity of the size in solution
● Ease of dissolution of the size film on the yarn
● Nature and the amount of the plasticizers
● Fabric construction
● Method of desizing, and
● Method of washing-off
Methods of Desizing

➢Hydrolytic Method
➢Oxidative Method
1. Hydrolytic Method

➢Rot Stepping
➢Alkali Stepping
➢Acid Stepping
➢Enzymatic Stepping
Oxidative Method

➢Bromide Desizing
➢Chlorite Desizing
➢Ammonium per Sulphate
Desizing
Rot steeping :

Rot steeping is very oldest method of desizing when man


cannot know the use of enzymes or other special chemicals.
In this desizing process, starch is removed by rotting. In this
process fabric is stored at 40-60oC for overnight in water. It
removes starch and water soluble impurities with natural
reaction. The main problems in rot steeping desizing are low
efficiency due to longer treatment time and degradation of
cellulose due to cross-infections of mildew if the
fermentation process is not properly controlled.
Alkali steeping desizing:
In this method, 0.5-1.0% dilute sulphuric acid solution or HCl
acid at 40-60oC temperature is used for 4-6 hours to
hydrolyzed the starch from the sized fabric. Dilute acid attacks
the polymer chain of starch and due to chain cleavage of
starch molecule short water soluble or dispersible chain
segments are formed. In this desizing process the amount of
size removed is comparatively greater but it is risky process,
due to hydrolytic degradation will occur which fall the
strength of cotton.
Acid steeping or de-sizing process:
In this method, 0.5-1.0% dilute sulphuric acid solution or HCl
acid at 40-60oC temperature is used for 4-6 hours to
hydrolyzed the starch from the sized fabric. Dilute acid attacks
the polymer chain of starch and due to chain cleavage of
starch molecule short water soluble or dispersible chain
segments are formed. In this desizing process the amount of
size removed is comparatively greater but it is risky process,
due to hydrolytic degradation will occur which fall the
strength of cotton.
Enzymatic desizing process:
Among all desizing process, enzymatic desizing is very popular
and effective. Enzymatic desizing is the classical desizing
process of degrading starch size on cotton fabrics using
enzymes. Enzymes are complex organic, soluble bio-catalysts,
formed by living organisms, which catalyze chemical reaction
in biological processes. Enzymes are quite specific in their
action on a particular substance. A small quantity of enzyme is
able to decompose large polymer molecules. Amylases are the
enzymes that hydrose and reduce the molecular weight of
amylase and amylosepectin molecules in starch, rendering it
water soluble enough to be washed off the fabric.
Enzymatic desizing
The oxidative desizing:
In oxidative desizing, the risk of damage to the
cellulose fiber is very high and its use for desizing is
increasingly rare. Oxidative desizing uses potassium
or sodium persulfate or sodium bromite as an
oxidative agent. The most important aspects of
oxidising agents are that they can be applicable to
wide range of fabrics, the size content of which is often
not known.
thank you

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