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Solid Geometry Lesson 3 (Prism)

1. A prism is a three-dimensional shape with two parallel and congruent bases joined by rectangular faces. 2. Prisms are named based on the shape of their bases, such as triangular prism, rectangular prism, hexagonal prism. 3. The volume of a prism can be calculated by multiplying the area of the base by the height.

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KEN XING
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150 views36 pages

Solid Geometry Lesson 3 (Prism)

1. A prism is a three-dimensional shape with two parallel and congruent bases joined by rectangular faces. 2. Prisms are named based on the shape of their bases, such as triangular prism, rectangular prism, hexagonal prism. 3. The volume of a prism can be calculated by multiplying the area of the base by the height.

Uploaded by

KEN XING
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3

A cross section is the shape


made by cutting straight
across an object.

Rectangular Prism

Hexagonal Prism

Pentagonal Prism Triangular Prism


The side faces of a prism are parallelograms
(4-sided shape with opposite sides parallel)

The bases are


also parallel.
But if the two ends are not
parallel it is not a prism
For example, a cylinder is not a prism, because it has
curved sides.
A B C D
A square prism Prisms are named according
B triangular prism to the shape of their bases
C hexagonal prism or uniform cross-section .
D octagonal prism
A C
B D
x   

G
E F H
x   x
3 4 5 6 7

12 11 10 9 8

15 50
13 14
1. Identify the shape of the base or the
uniform cross-section.
2. Find the area of the base or the uniform
cross-section.
3. Multiply the base area or area of uniform
cross-section by the height / length.
Volume = base area x height
Volume = area of cross-section x height / length
C

V=Axh V=Bxh V=Cxh


A B

ABCDE Uniform cross-section/Base area

D
h
E
V=Dxh
V=Exh
b h Volume = base area x height
H
= ½ bh x H

b
Triangular prism h H
a

Volume = base area x height Trapezoidal prism


= ½h(a + b) x H
TRIANGULAR PRISM

Area of cross-section = ½ x base x height = ½


b h Volume = ½ b h x length

Volume = ½ b h x l
Find the volume of the prism below.

Given :
b = 8 cm
h = 3 cm
l = 12 cm

Area of cross-section = ½ b h
= ½ x 8 x 3 = 12 cm2
 Volume = 12 x 12 = 144 cm3
Find the volume of the prism shown below

Given b = 5 cm, h = 2 cm, l = 8


cm

Volume prism= ½ b h x length


= ½x5x
2 x
8
= 40 cm3

Givenb = 12 cm, h = 5 cm, l = 10 cm

Volume prism=½ b h x length


TRAPEZOIDAL PRISM
a
l

b
h

Area of cross-section = ½ x h x (a + b)
Volume = ½ h (a + b) x length

Volume = ½ h(a + b) x l
Find the volume of the prism below.

Given :
a=

8 cm h =

4 cm b

= 14 cm l

= 10 cm
Find the volume of the prism shown below

Given a = 2 cm, b = 7
cm, h = 12 cm, l =
20 cm
7 cm
2 cm
Volume 12 cm
=cross-section area x
length Cross section
= ½ h(a + b) x length = ½ h(a + b)
= ½ x 12 (2 + 7) x 20
= 54 x 20
= 1080 cm3
Find the volume of the prism below given the base area.

Volume
= base area
10 cm

height
=

12 cm
Volume
= base area 15.6
x height
= 80 x 12
= 960 cm3 x 80 cm2
Regular Pentagonal Prism
Given a triangular prism with height 6 cm, length 5 cm and base
length 9 cm. A smaller triangular prism is cut out. Find the
remaining volume left.

Area of shaded cross-section


= ½ BH  ½ bh
=½x9x6½x3x2
= 27  3
= 24 cm2
9 cm
Volume of figure
= 24 x length
= 24 x 5
= 120 cm3
H
H H

L L L

Right Oblique Prism Oblique Prism


Prism
Volume prism P = 10 x 10 x 10 = 1000 cm3

Volume prism P = Volume Q = Volume R = 1000 cm3

P Q R

10 cm
10 cm 10 cm

10 cm 10 cm
10 cm 10 cm 10 cm

Right Prism Oblique Prism Oblique Prism


Find the volume
of the building
shown.
Cross section area
= (24x24) + ¾x
 x 12 x 12
= 576 + 339.34 37 m
= 915.34 m2
Volume = 915.336 x 37
= 33867.43 m3
Find the volume and
the surface area of
the triangular prism
shown.
Find the volume and
the surface area of
the triangular prism
shown.

Volume
= ½ bh x
length
= ½ x 6 x 16 x
12
= 576 cm3
Find the volume and
the surface area of
the triangular prism
shown.

8 cm 8 cm

Surface Area = bh + (perimeter) x length


= (6 x 16) + (10+10+16) x 12
= 96 + 432 = 528 cm3

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