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Decision Structure and Boolean Logic (T)

This document outlines topics related to decision structures and Boolean logic in computer programming, including if/else statements, case structures, logical operators, and examples of using these concepts to solve problems. The content is adapted from a textbook on programming logic and design, and the learning objectives are for students to understand decision structures and Boolean logic and write pseudocode involving decisions.

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marvelius putra
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77 views

Decision Structure and Boolean Logic (T)

This document outlines topics related to decision structures and Boolean logic in computer programming, including if/else statements, case structures, logical operators, and examples of using these concepts to solve problems. The content is adapted from a textbook on programming logic and design, and the learning objectives are for students to understand decision structures and Boolean logic and write pseudocode involving decisions.

Uploaded by

marvelius putra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

Course : COMP6056

Effective Period : September 2021

Decision Structure and


Boolean Logic
Session 6
Sub Topics

• Introduction to decision structure


• Dual alternative decision structure
• Compare string
• Nested Decision
• Case Structure
• Logical Operators
• Boolean variables
Acknowledgement

These slides have been adapted from:

Gaddis, T. (2019). Starting Out with


Programming Logic and Design 5th.
ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5

Chapter 4
Learning Objectives
At the end of this lecture, students are able to:
LO1: To explain the uses of decision structure and
Boolean logic
LO2: To write pseudo-code to solve problem containing
decisions
Introduction to Decision
Structures

• A decision structure allows a program to


perform actions only under certain
conditions
• Different types of decisions include
– If, also called single alternative
– If then else, also called dual alternative
– Case structure for multiple alternative
decisions

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Combined Structures

Decision Structure and Sequence Structure

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Programming Style with Decision
Structure

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative Decision
Structures

If condition Then If temperature < 40 Then


statement Display “A little cold”
statement Display “Get a coat!”
Else Else
statement Display “Nice weather”
statement Display “And sunny!”
End if End if

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Decision Structure and Sequence Structure


Example: What does this algorithm do?
start

Print “you
Enter Temp have a
in Celcius fever
TempC
end
>=37
Print “you
are fine”
Enter
TempC

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Hierarchy Chart

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Flow Chart

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Flow Chart

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Pseudocode

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Pseudocode

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Dual Alternative

Pseudocode

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Comparing Strings

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Comparing Strings

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Comparing Strings

“a” and “b” would be stored in ASCII codes in the Memory

Example:

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Nested Decision Structures

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Nested Decision Structures

The if then else if statement can make nested


logic simpler to write
If score < 60 Then
Display “Grade is F.”
Else If score < 70 Then
Display “Grade is D.”
Else If score < 80 Then
Display “Grade is C.”
Else If score < 90 Then
Display “Grade is B.”
Else
Display “Grade is A.”
End If

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Nested Decision Structures

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
The Case Structure

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
The Case Structure

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
The Case Structure

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Logical Operators

• Logical Operators are used between


conditions to create complex Boolean
expressions
– AND – Both conditions must be true
– OR – Either condition must be true
– NOT – Reverses the truth of an expression

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Logical Operators

AND example
If temperature < 20 AND minutes > 12 Then
Display “The temperature is in the danger zone.”
End If
OR example
If temperature < 20 OR temperature > 100 Then
Display “The temperature is in the danger zone.”
End If
NOT example
If NOT (temperature > 100) Then
Display “This is below the maximum
temperature.”
End If
Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
Logical Operators
Truth Table

Gaddis, T., Starting Out With Programming Logic and Design, 5 ed, ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5
References
Gaddis, T. (2019). Starting Out with Programming Logic
and Design 5th.
ISBN: 978-0-13-480115-5

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