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Signals Processing Assignment Help


14 Demonstration of Amplitude Modulation

Recommended Problems
P14.1
Consider the AM modulation system in Figure P14.1-1.

K/A is called the modulation index, where K is the maximum


amplitude of x(t). Parts (a)-(c) contain plots of y(t) versus t for
several different modulation indices, with x(t) = B cos o0t. Find
the modulation index for each signal.

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(a) Consider the signal x(t) in Figure P14.2-1.

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(b) Suppose that x(t) has the Fourier transform shown in
Figure P14.2-5. Find Y(w) for each case in part (a).

P14.3
For each of the time waveforms (a)-(j) (Figures P14.3-1 to P14.3-
10), match its possible spectrum (i)-(x) (Figures P14.3-11 to
P14.3-20).

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P14.4

The spectrum analyzer discussed in the lecture computed the


estimate of the magnitude of the Fourier transform of x,(t) by
taking samples of x,(t) at equally spaced intervals T, stopping
after N samples, and computing the discrete-time Fourier
transform of the N-point sequence.

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Thus,

(a) Suppose x,(t) = cos w0t. Find and sketch IX(Q)


1.
(b) In any practical system, X(Q) can be explicitly
calculated only at a finite set of Q. A common
choice is

For the following situations

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Solutions
14 Demonstration of Amplitude Modulation
Solutions to Recommended Problems

S14.1
(a) We see in Figure S 14.1-1 that the modulating cosine wave
has a peak amplitude of 2K = 2, so that K = 1. At the point in
time when the modulating cosine wave is zero, the total signal
is A = 2, so K/A = 0.5. Therefore, the signal has 50%
modulation. See Figure S14.1-1.

(b) 2K = 2, K = 1, A = 1, so K/A = 1, and the signal has 100%


modulation. See Figure S14.1-2.

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where cos irt 5 H(w), and H(w) is as shown in Figure S14.2-5.
Therefore, Y(w) is as given in Figure S14.2-6.

P(w) is an impulsive spectrum, as shown in Figure S14.2-7,


because the corresponding p(t) is periodic. (Note that only odd
harmonics are present.)

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S14-6
Therefore Y(w) is as shown in Figure S14.2-8.

S14.3
(a) ii
(b) i
(c) iii
(d) vi
(e) v
(f) iv
(g) vii
(h) x
(i) ix
(ii) (j) viii

S14.4
(a) We are considering

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which is effectively the Fourier transform of a signal of infinite
duration multiplied by a window of length N:

From the convolution theorem we can compute the Fourier


transform of the product of these two sequences:

Therefore,

as shown in Figure S14.4-1. (Note that the


spectrum is periodic with period 27r.)

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However, when k = 2 we have the ratio of

and we treat the limit as k - 0. Using L'H6pital's rule, we


have i(5) = 2.5. Similarly, the second term is zero except
when k = ... -2, 3, 8, . . . . Taking the limit yields 2.5. So
X(27rk/5) is as shown in Figure S14.4-2.

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Note that X(27rk/5) is periodic in k with period 5 since X(Q) is
periodic in 9 with period 27r.

Now woT = 2r-3, and the numerator and denominator are


nonzero for all k. Evaluating the preceding expression yields
X(k) as shown in Figure S14.4-3.

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