Welcome

Introduction to GUI based

operating system
 Introduction to GUI based operating system

• In the previous chapter, you have learnt about the characteristics of

a Computer System and its components. You have also learnt about
System Software and Application Software.
• In the current chapter, you will learn about a very important System
Software viz. Operating System. We will use Windows to explain
various aspects of an operating system. Microsoft has produced a
number of operating systems. Windows 95/98/ME/XP/Vista.
 Operating system

An Operating System is a program that acts as an

intermediary between the user of a computer and computer
hardware. The purpose of an operating system is to provide an
environment in which user can execute programs in a
convenient and efficient manner.
 Operating system
Various functions of Operating System:
Memory Management
Processor Management
Device Management
File Management
i)Memory Management Functions
Operating System manages the primary memory of the system. It
allocates the memory, on the request of a process, which is being run
at that time.
 Operating system
• Processor Management Functions
Operating System also takes care of the processor. It allocates
the processor to the user. In case of multi-user system.
• Device Management Functions
It keeps track of all the devices i.e. peripherals attached to the
computer such as I/O devices etc.
• File Management Functions
Writing and retrieving the information on/from the secondary
storage device is the function of an Operating System
 Types of Operating Systems
• Single user Operating Systems
These Operating Systems allow only one user to work on a
computer at a time. Example : MS-DOS, CP/M.
 Multi user Operating System
These Operating Systems allow more than one user to work on the
computer at the same time.
Example : LINUX,UNIX, XENIX,VMS, Windows NT.
 operating system (LINUX,WINDOS)

• Windows and Linux both have a user friendly Graphical User

Interface(GUI). GUI includes such things as: windows, pull-down
menus, buttons, scroll bars, iconic images, and wizards. They allow
users to interact with the programs without having to type the
commands from the keyboard. Users can use pointing devices like
mouse to perform specific tasks on computer.
 LINUX
Linux is a multitasking, multiuser operating system, which means
that many people can run many different applications on one
computer at the same time.
Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like computer operating
systems based on the Linux kernel. Their development is one of the
most prominent examples of free and open source software
collaboration, typically all the underlying source code can be used,
freely modified, and redistributed both commercially and non-
commercially.
 Microsoft Windows
Windows operating system is GUI based and can be used on desktop
computers. Its interface has following properties :-
Title Bar :- The title bar contains the name of the program you are
working with and in some cases the name of the opened document
also appears. In the top right corner we can find the Minimize,
Maximize/Restore, and Close buttons.
 Operating system simple setting

Control Panel is full of specialized tools that are used to change the
way Windows look and behave. Some of these tools help you adjust
settings that make your computer more fun to use.
For example, use Mouse to replace standard mouse pointers with
animated icons that move on your screen, or use Sounds and Audio
Devices to replace standard system sounds with sounds you choose.
Other tools help you set up Windows so that your computer is easier
to use. For example, if you are left-handed, you can use Mouse to
switch the mouse buttons so that the button on the right performs the
primary functions of selecting and dragging.
 Changing system date and time
To change the date and time, Date and Time icon/option of control panel can be
used. To do so, follow the given steps :-
1. Open Control Panel
2. Open Date and Time in Control Panel.
3. On the Date & Time tab, select the item you want to change. It shows the
Calendar of Current Month and Year.
4. To change the month, click the arrow in the month list, and then click the
correct month.
5. To change the year, click the arrows in the year list.
6. To change the day, click the correct day on the calendar.
7. To change the time , click the time part and type the appropriate time there.
8. Click OK to confirm changes.
 Changing display properties
Using the Display icon available on Control Panel, you can modify the
way desktop objects such as windows, menus, fonts, and icons
appear on your screen.
To adjust display and appearance options through the Display icon in
Control Panel, follow the given steps :-
1. On the Start menu, select Control Panel
2. In Control Panel, be sure you are in Classic View (i.e. all Control
Panel icons are showing). If not, under Control Panel in the left
pane, select Switch to Classic View.
 Changing the Wallpaper
A wall paper is a picture/image displayed in the background of your
desktop.
To change your desktop background/wallpaper follow the given
steps :-
1. Open Control Panel
2. Select Display in Control Panel.
3. On the Desktop tab, do one or more of the following:
 To add or remove windows component

To install a new software on Windows, follow the given steps :

1. Log on as Administrator or as a member of the Administrators
group.
2. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click "Add or
Remove Programs".
3. Click "Add/Remove Windows Components". The Windows
Components Wizard starts.
4. In the Components list, click to select the check box that is next to
the component that you want to add. If the check box for a
component is shaded, only some of its sub-components are selected
for installation.
 To Remove a Windows XP Component

. Log on as Administrator or as a member of the Administrators group.

2. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click "Add or Remove
Programs".
3. Click "Add/Remove Windows Components". The Windows Components Wizard
starts.
4. In the Components list, click to clear the check box next to the component that
you want to remove. Note that a shaded check box next to a component
indicates that only some of its sub-components are installed. If you want to
remove a sub-component, click Details. Then, click to clear the check box next
to the sub-components that you want to remove, and then click OK. Click Next.
5. In the "Completing the Windows Components“
Wizard screen, click Finish.
 Changing mouse properties
• By using the Mouse icon/option of Control Panel, we
can change various mouse properties such as Button
configuration, Double Click Speed, Mouse pointers,
Motion Speed etc.
 File directory management
• A computer's operating system and the programs that run on it are
made up of individual files, most of which reside in directories or
folders much like a filing cabinet.
• For example, most of the files associated with the Windows
operating system might be found in a folder logically called
Windows. Within the Windows folder are several subfolders (many
of which also have subfolders) that help further categorize the files
they contain. Files that don't reside in a folder or subfolder are said
to be on the root of the drive.
 Windows Explorer
The windows explorer allows you to perform file and directory
management tasks such as creating files and directories,
renaming or deleting files or directories.
To use Windows Explorer to view your hard disk, follow the given
steps :-
1. Click the Start button
2. Point to Programs
3. Click Windows Explorer.
 To create a file/folder
. Click the drive in Windows Explorer where you want to create the new
folder.
2. On the File menu, point to New, and then click file/folder. The new file/folder
appears with a temporary name.
3. Type a name for the new file/folder, and then press ENTER.
If you want to create a new folder within a folder, click the folder and then follow
steps two and three above.
A file name can contain up to 255 characters, including spaces. It cannot contain
the following characters: \ /: * ? " >
 Types of files
Understanding File Types in Windows
Successive versions of windows have reduced the amount of
information displayed to the user. This is microsoft's attempt at making
your PC easier to use, but for many it just makes things more
confusing. You can reveal some of the most important hidden things
and may well find it helpful.
 Types of files
Some common file types are;
.doc Microsoft Word File
.xls Microsoft Excel File
.exe Executable File - one that starts up a software application, for
instance
.txt A plain text file, can be read by Word, Notepad, Wordpad and
many others
.bmp A picture file created with paint
.jpg A compressed picture file
.wav A sound file
.mp3 A compressed sound file
 Summary
After going through this chapter we have learnt
1. The purpose of an Operating System
2. The Graphical User Interface of Windows comprising of Task Bar,
Menus, Scroll Bars etc.
3. Creation of Files and Folders in Windows
4. Using Windows Explorer for file management
5. Using various Control Panel options for configuring
- Display properties like Appearance, Wallpaper, Screensaver etc.
- Installing/Uninstalling software on Windows
- Adding/Removing printers
 Test
Q1) The term operating system means

A) A set of programs which controls computer working

B) The way a computer operator works
C) Conversion of high-level language in to machine
level language
D) The way a floppy disk drive operates
 Q2) ------------- is the screen background and main area of
window where you can open and manage files and program

A) Icons
B) Desktop
C) Application window
D) Screen saver
 Q3) A new printer can added by printer and faxes option in -------------.

A) Control panel
B) File manager
C) Dynamic data
D) Nona of these
Q.4) GUI is used as an interface between---------------.

A) Hardware and software

B) Man and machine
C) Software and user
D) Nona of these
 Q5) which windows program do you use to manage folders and files ?

A) Accessories
B) Control panel
C) Explorer
D)Office
Q6) The ----------- provides access to all active application by
maintaining a row of open application title boxes.

A)Title bar
B)Task bar
C)start menu
D)None of these
 Q7) What is the meaning of “Hibernate” in windows xp/windows 7 ?

A) Restart the computer in safe mode

B) Restart the computer in hibernate mode
C) Shutdown the computer terminating all the running
applications
D) Shutdown the computer without closing the
running applications
 Q8) An operating system is------------------------

A) Integrated software
B) Application software
C) CD-ROM software
D) System software
Q9) What is the function of an operating system ?

A) Manages computer’s resources very efficiently

B) Takes care of scheduling jobs for execution
C) Manages the flow of data and instructions
D) All of the above
 Q10) The operating system of a computer servers as a software interface
between the user and the ---------

A) Memory
B) Peripheral
C) Hardware
D)Screen
 Q11) Which of the following file format supports in Windows 7 ?

A) NTFS
B) BSD
C) EXT
D)All of the above
Q12) An application can be opened through shortcut on
desktop by --------------------------------------------

A) Double clicking on its shortcut

B) Right clicking and choosing “open “ option
C) Selecting the icon and pressing Enter key
D) All of the above
Q 13) If more than one user is working on the computer it is
called ____________.

• A) Multi User
• B)Multiport
• C)Multitasking
• D) Music
Q 14) A computer icon is a graphical symbol that represents
_______________

• A) Operating Systme
• B) Property
• C)Mouse
• D) CPU
Q 15) Wall paper is a picture/image displayed in the
__________ of your desktop.?

• A) Foreground
• B) Higher Ground
• C)Lower ground
• D)Background
 True Or False
Q1) Light pen and joystick are both pointing devices.

Q2) Program available in CD-ROMs are always “virus” free.

Q3) Just above the start button is a search box .

Q4) You cannot create a new folder on the desktop.

 True Or False

Q5) Linux is a proprietary software.

Q6) Recycle Bin does not allow you to easily recover deleted
files and folders in windows

Q7) To use computer, you need an operating system.

 True Or False

Q8) My Document usually includes the All Program, My Recent

Document, Printers and Faxes are all computer commands.

Q9) Title bar at the top most line of a window bar.

Q10) Icon is a picture or image that you can display on your desktop
Thank You