Scribd
Upload
43 views14 pages

POLYNOMIALS

Polynomials are algebraic expressions with multiple terms. They contain variables, constants, and are connected by basic algebraic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The degree of a polynomial refers to the highest exponent in any term. Standard polynomials arrange terms in descending order of degree. Polynomials can be added or subtracted by combining like terms, and multiplied using the distributive property or FOIL method for binomials. Division of polynomials involves splitting the expression at plus and minus signs.

Uploaded by

Katherine Mancera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views14 pages

POLYNOMIALS

Polynomials are algebraic expressions with multiple terms. They contain variables, constants, and are connected by basic algebraic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The degree of a polynomial refers to the highest exponent in any term. Standard polynomials arrange terms in descending order of degree. Polynomials can be added or subtracted by combining like terms, and multiplied using the distributive property or FOIL method for binomials. Division of polynomials involves splitting the expression at plus and minus signs.

Uploaded by

Katherine Mancera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

POLYNOMIALS

What Are Polynomials?

Polynomial comes from poly- (meaning "many") and -nomial (in this case meaning "term") ... so it says "many terms".

A polynomial is an expression containing /constants and variables connected only through basic operations of algebra.

Example:

9a²b ＋ ab ＋ 4

7 6x ＋ 3
A polynomial can have:

• constants (like 3, −20, or ½)


• variables (like x and y)
• exponents (like the 2 in y2)
• operator (like ＋ , － ,×,÷)
Types of Polynomial

The different types of polynomial expressions are:

Monomial – Expression with a single term. 4x


Binomial – Expression with two terms. 4x+5y
Trinomial – Expression with exactly three terms. 7x2 + 5y – 2z
What is the standard form of the polynomial?

A standard polynomial is the one


where the highest degree is the first
term, and subsequently, the other
terms come. For example, x³ – 3x²+
x -12 is a standard polynomial. So
the highest degree here is 3, then
comes 2 and then 1.
DEGREE OF POLYNOMIALS
The degree of a polynomial is defined as the highest degree of a monomial
within a polynomial. Thus, a polynomial equation having one variable which has
the largest exponent is called a degree of the polynomial.

Polynomial Degree Example


• Constant or Zero Polynomial 0 6
• Linear Polynomial 1 3x+1
• Quadratic Polynomial 2 4x² +1x+1
• Cubic Polynomial 3 6x³+4x3+3x+1
• Quartic Polynomial 4 6x⁴+3x³+3x² +2x+1
Adding Polynomials
Adding Polynomials Horizontally
• To add polynomials, always add
the like terms, i.e. the terms
having the same variable and
power. The addition of
polynomials always results in a
polynomial of the same degree.
Vertical Method

Steps for Addition:

• Arrange the Polynomial in standard form


that is the term with the highest degree is first.
• Arrange the like terms together.
• Add the like terms.
Subtraction of Polynomials

• Subtracting polynomials is similar to Example


addition, the only difference being the type
of operation. So, subtract the like terms to
obtain the solution. It should be noted that
subtraction of polynomials also results in a
polynomial of the same degree.

Steps for Subtraction:

• Enclose the part of the expression to be deducted in parentheses


with a negative (-) sign prefixed.
• Remove the parentheses by changing the sign of each term of the
polynomial expression.
• Arrange the like terms.
• Add the like terms to find the required subtraction.
Multiplying Polynomials
Multiplying polynomials involves applying the rules of exponents and the
distributive property to simplify the product. This multiplication can also be
illustrated with an area model, and can be useful in modeling real world
situations. Understanding polynomial products is an important step in learning
to solve algebraic equations involving polynomials.

Steps in multiplying polynomials:

• Multiply each term in the first polynomial by each term in another polynomial.
• Combine the like terms and add them.
MULTIPLYING POLYNOMIALS USING THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY

Example:
(2x+1)(3x² −x+4)

2x(3x² −x+4)+1(3x² −x+4) Use the distributive property

6x³-2x²+8x)+(3x²−x+4) Multiply

6x³+(−2x²+3x²)+(8x−x)+4 Combine like terms.

6x³+x²+7x+4 Simplify
FOIL METHOD
FOIL method is sometimes used to
find the product of two binomials. It is
called FOIL because we multiply the first
terms, the outer terms, the inner terms,
and then the last terms of each binomial.

Example: (x + 2y)(3x − 4y + 5)

(x + 2y)(3x − 4y + 5)

= 3x² − 4xy + 5x + 6xy − 8y² + 10y


= 3x² + 2xy + 5x − 8y² + 10y
Division of Polynomials

Dividing sometimes it is easy to divide a polynomial by


splitting it at the "+" and "−" signs, like this

2 1
6x-3 6x - 3
=2x-1
3 3 3

You might also like