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What Is SPD (Surge Protection Device)

An SPD (Surge Protection Device) protects electrical devices from voltage spikes caused by lightning strikes or switching loads. There are three types of SPDs: Type 1 protects at the main panel from external surges, Type 2 protects distribution panels and prevents surges from damaging equipment, and Type 3 provides the last line of defense for sensitive electronic devices. When selecting an SPD, factors to consider include whether it is for AC or DC systems, the nominal voltage, the voltage protection level needed based on equipment ratings, its surge current withstand rating, and ensuring it can handle the maximum short circuit current of the electrical network.

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123 views7 pages

What Is SPD (Surge Protection Device)

An SPD (Surge Protection Device) protects electrical devices from voltage spikes caused by lightning strikes or switching loads. There are three types of SPDs: Type 1 protects at the main panel from external surges, Type 2 protects distribution panels and prevents surges from damaging equipment, and Type 3 provides the last line of defense for sensitive electronic devices. When selecting an SPD, factors to consider include whether it is for AC or DC systems, the nominal voltage, the voltage protection level needed based on equipment ratings, its surge current withstand rating, and ensuring it can handle the maximum short circuit current of the electrical network.

Uploaded by

Mtvc Lb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPD: Everything you need to know

What is SPD (Surge Protection Device)?


• To protect electrical devices from voltage spikes.
• To protect electrical devices from large currents due to the voltage
spikes.
• Causes of Surges:
• Lightning : Direct or Indirect
• Switching of load
• Working principle.
• Note: Proper Earthing for the facility.
Types of SPD
• Type 1: It is used as first line of defense. It is located in the main panel of the facility. It is used to
protect from the external factors causing voltage spike. It is generally used with LA system. Type 1
SPD is characterized by a 10/350 µs current wave.
• Type 2: It is used as second line of defense. It is located in the distribution panel. It is used to
protect from voltage spikes caused by switching of load (like motor) & lightning. It is used to
prevent the surge from damaging the equipment supplied from the distribution board. Type 2
SPD is characterized by an 8/20 µs current wave.
Combination of type 1+2 is also used in certain application in main panel depending upon the
distance of the equipment.
• Type 3: It is the last line of defense for protecting the equipment from surges. Electronic devices
or other sensitive loads are protected by using this type of SPD. All the critical loads should be
protect by this SPD. These SPDs have a low discharge capacity. They must therefore mandatorily
be installed as a supplement to Type 2 SPD and in the vicinity of sensitive loads.Type 3 SPD is
characterized by a combination of voltage waves (1.2/50 μs) and current waves (8/20 μs).
Selection Of SPD
• Choosing SPD configuration: DC or AC, 1
phase or 3 phase.
• Nominal voltage of the system (Uc):
operating voltage of the system: 230/415V or
1000V for solar.
• Voltage level protection (Up): Depending
upon the impulse withstand voltage of the
equipment.
• In : peak value of current that SPD can
withstand and be functional after 15 surges.
• Imax : the value should be higher than
maximum short circuit value of the electrical
network.
Selection according to the type of SPD
SPD for Solar PV Plant
Connecting the SPD’s in the circuit

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