This document discusses various types of separators and rotating heat transfer devices. It describes the Podbielniak extractor, which uses centrifugal force to separate acetic acid from water solutions. It also discusses centrifugal evaporators, which concentrate samples by evaporating solvents using low pressure and centrifugal force. Finally, it briefly mentions liquid cooled rotating anodes and the Audiffren Singrun machine, which were rotating heat transfer devices that used centrifugal force and rotation to enhance heat removal.
This document discusses various types of separators and rotating heat transfer devices. It describes the Podbielniak extractor, which uses centrifugal force to separate acetic acid from water solutions. It also discusses centrifugal evaporators, which concentrate samples by evaporating solvents using low pressure and centrifugal force. Finally, it briefly mentions liquid cooled rotating anodes and the Audiffren Singrun machine, which were rotating heat transfer devices that used centrifugal force and rotation to enhance heat removal.
This document discusses various types of separators and rotating heat transfer devices. It describes the Podbielniak extractor, which uses centrifugal force to separate acetic acid from water solutions. It also discusses centrifugal evaporators, which concentrate samples by evaporating solvents using low pressure and centrifugal force. Finally, it briefly mentions liquid cooled rotating anodes and the Audiffren Singrun machine, which were rotating heat transfer devices that used centrifugal force and rotation to enhance heat removal.
This document discusses various types of separators and rotating heat transfer devices. It describes the Podbielniak extractor, which uses centrifugal force to separate acetic acid from water solutions. It also discusses centrifugal evaporators, which concentrate samples by evaporating solvents using low pressure and centrifugal force. Finally, it briefly mentions liquid cooled rotating anodes and the Audiffren Singrun machine, which were rotating heat transfer devices that used centrifugal force and rotation to enhance heat removal.
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SEPERATORS AND
ROTATING HEAT TRANSFER DEVICES SEPARATORS: In chemical Engineering separation is a process of converting a mixture or solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct products. These separators may involve extractors, evaporators, distillation, membranes. Here we are going to discuss about • The Podbielniak extractor • Centrifugal evaporators • The Podbielniak extractor: The Podbielniak extractor is a horizontal axis liquid - liquid centrifugal extractor that processes liquids for accelerated solvent extraction. Heavy liquid and light liquid are made to enter in opposite direction and they are made to contact each other where mass transfer occurs and finally leaves in the opposite directions. Light liquid rotates inward and heavy liquid rotates outside through perforated plates arranged in a circular shape. The separation of acetic acid from dilute solutions of water can be done easily using this method. Podbielniak Extractor • Centrifugal Evaporators: A centrifugal evaporator is a device used for the evaporation of solvents from sample so that concentration increases. Centrifugal evaporators not only concentrate but also handles boiling points of up to 220°C. A centrifugal evaporator often comprises a vacuum pump connected to a centrifuge chamber. The centrifugal force generated by spinning the centrifuge rotor causes the vacuum pump generates the low pressure gradient within the solvent, as pressure drops the boiling point of components decreases and move rapidly and get evaporated, leaving the concentrated sample behind. Centrifugal Evaporator Rotating heat transfer devices: 1.Liquid Cooled Rotating Anodes 2.The Audiffren Singrun (AS) machine
• Liquid cooled rotating anodes:
One of the more recent technological developments which necessitates enhanced heat transfer is the target for energy beams, such as lasers. Targets absorb large amounts of thermal energy over a comparatively small surface area, and a number of innovative methods for effectively removing the heat from them have been studied. This system uses rotation and a system of vanes on the inside surface of the hot face (the right-hand side of the drawing) in order to enhance the flow of coolant radially across the inside of the target face. Centrifugal forces causes the heat to be removed. • The Audiffren Singrun (AS) machine: The Audiffren-Singrun refrigerator was a sulfur dioxide compression machine that was shaped like a dumbbell with the condenser and compressor in one sphere rotating in a tank of cooling water. The evaporator in the other sphere rotated in a brine tank. This allowed the unit to be hermetically sealed and prevented the lubrication oil from mixing with the refrigerant. SO2 vapor from the evaporation unit goes into compressor and converts into high pressure vapor which then passes through condensation unit and finally converted into high pressure liquid, after this it passes through expansion value and reduces it’s pressure and finally into the evaporator and the cycle continues. THANK YOU
