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Spanish Basics Lesson 1: Lo Básico de Español Lección 1

This document provides an introduction to basic Spanish including: 1) The Spanish alphabet and pronunciation of letters. 2) Gender of nouns and appropriate articles (el, la, etc.). 3) Vocabulary for family members and numbers up to 30. 4) Common phrases for greetings, introductions, and asking basic questions.

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Rishav Chakrabarti
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267 views10 pages

Spanish Basics Lesson 1: Lo Básico de Español Lección 1

This document provides an introduction to basic Spanish including: 1) The Spanish alphabet and pronunciation of letters. 2) Gender of nouns and appropriate articles (el, la, etc.). 3) Vocabulary for family members and numbers up to 30. 4) Common phrases for greetings, introductions, and asking basic questions.

Uploaded by

Rishav Chakrabarti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Spanish Basics

Lesson 1
Lo básico de español
Lección 1
The alphabet (El alfabeto)

Aa abeja (bee) Ii inglés (english)


B be barco (boat) J jota jugo (juice)
C ce canción (song) K ka kilómetro (kilometer)
D de Dios (God) L ele león (lion)
Ee elefante (elephant) LL doble ele lluvia (rain)
F efe fútbol (football) M eme manzana (apple)
G ge gallo (rooster) N ene nube (cloud)
H hache hormiga (ant) Ñ eñe niño (boy)
The alphabet (El alfabeto)

Oo ojo (eye) W doble ve/uve/u web (web)


P pe pollo (chicken) X equis experto (expert)
Q ku queso (cheese) Y i griega yo (I)
R ere rata (rat) Z zeta zapatos (shoes)
S ese sol (sun)
T te teléfono (phone)
Uu uno (one)
V ve/uve vaca (cow)
Articles and demonstratives
(artículos y demostrativos)
Gender Singular Plural

Masculine el (the), un (a), ese (that), este (this) los (the), unos (some), esos (those), estos
(these)
Femenine la (the), una (a), esa (that), esta las (the), unas (some), esas (those), estas
(this) (these)

Examples: El sol, la manzana, ese hombre, una mañana, las canciones, los zapatos, un chico, esa
mujer, este bolígrafo, esta pluma, esos cuadernos etc.
Spanish is a gendered language

All words in Spanish have a gender, they are either masculine or feminine (or in
some cases both). So the respective articles and demonstratives associated with
the words are either masculine or feminine. So, from now onwards whenever we
learn a noun we’ll learn it with its respective articles so as to avoid any confusion
whether it is masc. or fem.
In general, words that end with –o are masculine (eg. ojo, hermano, primo,
barco etc) and those that end with –a are feminine (eg. hoja, letra, hermana,
hija etc) , other rules and exceptions will be discussed later.
Quick Vocabulary
Members of the family

Son = el hijo Brother = el hermano


Daughter = la hija Sister = la hermana
Father = el padre Cousin(m/f) = el primo/ la prima
Mother = la madre Uncle = el tío
Dad = el papá Aunt = la tía
Mom = la mamá Nephew = el sobrino
Grandmother = la abuela Niece = la sobrina
Grandfather = el abuelo Great-grandfather = el bisabuelo
Grandson = el nieto Great-grandmother = la bisabuela
Granddaughter = la nieta
Numbers
(Números)
Zero = Cero
One = Uno Eleven = Once Twenty one = Veintiún/Veintiuno
Two = Dos Twelve = Doce Twenty two = Veintidós
Three = Tres Thirteen = Trece Twenty three = Veintitrés
Four = Cuatro Fourteen = Catorce Twenty four = Veinticuatro
Five = Cinco Fifteen = Quince Twenty five = Veinticinco
Six = Seis Sixteen = Dieciséis Twenty six = Veintiséis
Seven = Siete Seventeen = Diecisiete Twenty seven = Veintisiete
Eight = Ocho Eighteen = Dieciocho Twenty eight = Veintiocho
Nine = Nueve Nineteen = Diecinueve Twenty nine = Veintinueve
Ten = Diez Twenty = Veinte Thirty = Treinta
Numbers
(Números)
Forty = Cuarenta
Fifty = Cincuenta
Sixty = Sesenta
Seventy = Setenta
Eighty = Ochenta
Ninety = Noventa
Hundred = Cien
For any given number after thirty, you just need to know what the ten’s place
number (40, 50, 60 etc) is called and the numbers 1-9 and you can construct it
e.g., forty three = cuarenta y tres
sixty five = sesenta y cinco ( y = and)
eight nine = ochenta y nueve
Some basic phrases
¡Hola! = Hi/Hello!
Sí/No. = Yes/No.
¿Cómo estás? = How are you?
¿Qué tal? = What’s up?
Estoy bien. = I’m fine/ I’m doing well.
Estoy muy bien. = I’m doing really well.
¿Cómo te llamas? = What’s your name?
¿Cuál es tu nombre? = What’s your name?
Me llamo (nombre). = My name is (name).
Mi nombre es (nombre). = My name is (name).
Soy (nombre). = I am (name).
Some basic phrases
¿De dónde eres? = Where are you from?
¿De qué país eres? = Which country are you from?
Soy de (nombre del país). = I’m from (name of the country).
Soy (nacionalidad). = I am (nationality).
¿Hablas español? = Do you speak Spanish?
Sí, hablo español. = Yes, I speak Spanish.
No, no hablo español. = I don’t speak Spanish.
Hablo un poco de español. = I speak a litte bit of Spanish.
Estoy aprendiendo español. = I am learning Spanish.
¿Cuántos años tienes? = How old are you?
¿Cuál es tu edad? = What’s your age?
Tengo (edad) años. = I’m (age) years old.

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