PC Concrete Mixture
Design
Elements of Concrete Mixture Analysis
Concrete:
Cement
Water Overall mixture design equation:
Coarse Aggregate
Fine Aggregate
Air
Vol sand Vol conc Vol i
Mineral Admixtures
Liquid Admixtures
Definitions
Yield (Y) = Total volume of concrete
= 1 cy3 or 1 m3 (full batch)
Ybatch = Volume of the concrete batch
Volume (V) = W/SG*water
w/cm = Wwater/Wcementitious Ratio
BSG = Bulk specific gravity (either
oven dry or SSD)
CAF = Coarse Aggregate Factor
%S = Percent solids
Cement
Factor (CF) = Sacks of cement in a full batch
= 94lbs or 50 kg of cement per sack
DRUW = Dry rodded unit weight
= WOD/Volloose
Mortar (paste + sand)
Factor (MF) = Vol /Yield = 1 - CAF*%S
Concrete Volumetric Relations
Y
X
Z
X Z
CAF = %S =
Y X
Definitions (con’t)
Paste = Cement + water
Water Factor (WF) = Gallons/liters of water per
full batch of concrete
Batch Factor (BF) = Ratio of Yfull/Ybatch
Concrete Unit Weight = W/V
Laboratory Properties
Bulk Specify Gravity
Absorption Capacity
Dry Rodded Unit Weight
Field Moisture Content
Fineness Modulus/CAF/MF
Calculations
Volw = Wwater/62.4
= Wwater/1000
Volc = Wcement/(3.15* 62.4 )
= Wcement/(3.15*1000)
VolCA = WCA/(BSGCA* 62.4 )
= WCA/(BSGCA*1000)
VolFA = WFA/(BSGFA* 62.4 )
= WFA/(BSGFA*1000)
CAF = WCA/(Y*DRUW)
%S = DRUW/(BSGCA* 62.4 )
= DRUW/(BSGCA*1000)
Volair = %Air * Y
MF = (1 - CAF*%S)
Lab Data
Sample Mix Design
Using the previous material properties, determine the full
sized, SSD mixture proportions (i.e. WCA, Ww, WFA, etc.) for:
1) w/c = 0.42; CAF = 0.68;
2) 5% Air
3) 5 sack mix with 20% Fly ash (bsg = 2.30).
1) Calc wt of cement, fly ash, water, and coarse agg
2) Calc vol of cement, fly ash, water, and coarse agg
3) Calc vol and wt of sand
Batch Analysis
Sample Exam Question
Find:
1) w/c, Ybatch, CAF, Concrete Unit Weight, Batch
Factor, Cement Factor, and the Mortar Factor
2) Full batch proportions (OD)
3) Concrete unit weight if 6% air is included.
