Communication For Various Purposes

Co m m u n ic a t io n fo r
Va r i o u s P u r p o s e s
Communication is made for
numerous purposes. The way
messages are crafted depends
highly on the intention of the
sender.
• Supermarket – sales agent – product is promoted gets
consumers buying.
• News anchor – delivers information in such a way that all
the facts are clearly stated doing away with words that
may cause confusion
• Criminal lawyer – design his arguments supported by
facts to convince the judge and the jury
Informative
Communicatio
n giving than asking.
• It involves
• As an informative communicator, you want your
receivers to pay attention and understand, but not to
change their behavior.
• By sharing information, ignorance is reduced, or better
yet, eliminated.
• The informative value of a message is measured by how
novel and relevant the information is or the kind of
understanding it provides the receivers.
Osborn (2009) purports
that informative
communication arises
out of three deep
impulses:
• We seek to expand our awareness of the world around
us.
• We seek to become more competent.
• We have an abiding curiosity about how things work
and how they are made.
When preparing for an
informative exchange, ask
yourself the following
questions:
• Is my topic noteworthy to be considered informative?
• What do my recipients already know about my topic?
• What more do they have to know?
• Am I knowledgeable enough of my topic to help my
receivers understand it?
Persuasive
Communicatio
• It is an artnof gaining fair and favorable considerations
for our point of view. It
• Provides a choice among options.
• Advocates something through a speaker.
• Uses supporting material to justify advice.
• Turns the audience into agents of change.
• Asks for strong audience commitment.
• Gives importance to the speaker’s credibility.
• Appeals to feelings.
• Has higher ethical obligation.
Argumentative
Communicatio
• It reliesnheavily on sound proof and reasoning.
• The nature of proof has been studied since the Golden
Age of Greece and has been improved through time.
• According to Aristotle, logos, ethos and pathos are the
three primary forms of proof.
• In our time, many scholars have confirmed the
presence of a fourth dimension of proof, mythos,
which suggests that we respond to appeal to the
traditions and values of our culture and to the legends
and folktales that embody them.
Lucas (2007) claims that to avoid
defective argumentation, the
following must be avoided:
• Defective evidence
• Misuse of facts, statistical fallacies, defective testimony,
inappropriate evidence
• Defective patterns of reasoning

• Evidential fallacies
• Flawed proofs
• Defective arguments
Best practices in
Communication for Various
Purposes
1. Develop your listening skills.
2. Pay attention to non-verbal messages.
3. Use positive language.
4. Think before you speak.
5. Ask your teachers, deans, or school officials, including your
classmates what your strongest or weakest communication
skills are.
Types of Speeches
Informative Speech
This aims to inform by giving instructions, explanations,
or demonstrations. A good informative speech is one
that really shares or imparts new knowledge to the
audience.
Examples of informative speech:

1.Reports.
2.Instructions.
Inspirational speech
This attempts mainly to inspire the listeners and make them

more motivated and enthusiastic about life.
1. Eulogy
2. Commemorative speeches
a. Opening remarks
b. Introduction of guest speaker
c. Keynote address
Speech to entertain
This is usually delivered to amuse listeners and

divert their attention from the usual daily stress
or problems they face. This is done by telling
light-hearted, funny stories.
Persuasive Speech
This is used by the speaker to influence the thinking, beliefs, or

actions of the audience. The speaker can do this by appealing to
logic and appealing to pity.
1. Debates
2.Political campaign talks
3.Appeals for donations
4. Making critical
comments/speeches in
rallies
Tips on Writing Business
Letters
Tips for Formatting
Letters
• Start the date 2 inches from the top or 1 blank line below the
letterhead.
• For block style, begin all lines at the left margin.
• Leave side margins of 1 to 1 ½ inches depending on the length of
the letter.
• Single-space the body and double-space between paragraphs.
• Bulleted items may appear flush left or indented.
Salutation
 W h e n writing to individuals, always use their names and titles,
if appropriate.
 W h e n writing to a personal friend or close business associate, use the
rsfit name.
 A d d r e s s letters to female associates as Ms. Instead of Miss or Mrs.
Dear Andy:
Dear Marla:
Dear Ms. Farlowe:
Dear Dr. Breedlove:
Dear Professor
Quinlan:
Complimentary Close
Here are some personal closings:
Sincerely,
Sincerely yours,
Cordially,
Best wishes,
Warmest regards
For a more
formal closing,
use one of
these:
Yours truly,
Very truly yours,
How to write a
letter of
inquiry
Inquiry letter (Wakat, et
al., 2018)
• An inquiry letter is written when a person needs more
information abut products, services, internships,
scholarships, or job vacancies offered by companies,
associations, or individuals.
• Often, inquiry letters are sent when a person has
specific questions that are not addressed by the general
information available provided by brochures, websites,
advertisements, classified ads, etc.
• An inquiry may also be in the form of telephone or
personal interview.
• Depending on the immediacy and specificity of the need,
one of these modes may prove more responsive to your
need.
• Both interview and letter require correct and appropriate
language use.
• Both require correctness, conciseness, clarity of
language, and courtesy.
• While letters require correctness of spelling,
punctuations, capitalizations, indentions, margins, etc.,
interviews require clarity of words, correct
pronunciation, intonation and pauses, spontaneity,
pleasing personality, and confidence.
Content and Organization
of Letter of Inquiry
• A. Heading or Letterhead
• B. Inside address
• C. Salutation
• D. Body of the letter
• First paragraph: It provides a background of your
inquiry such as how, where and when you first learned
of the information. State your purpose in one or two
sentences.
• Middle paragraph: This section should specify the
information you are seeking.
• Final paragraph: Express your expectation from your
addressee and thank him in advance for his favorable
action.
• E. Complimentary close
• F. Signature
• The format of an inquiry letter follows any of the
following most commonly used formats: pure block,
semi-block or modified block
Format of a Letter of Inquiry
1. In the first paragraph, identify yourself and, if appropriate,
your position, and your institution or firm.
2. In the second paragraph, briefly explain why you are writing
and how you will use the requested information. Offer to
keep the response confidential if such an offer seems
reasonable.
3. List the specific information you need. You can phrase your
requests as questions or as a list of specific items of
information. In either case, make each item clear and
discrete.
4. Conclude your letter by offering your reader some incentive
for responding.
How to write a response letter
Writing plan for information replies

1.Subject line: Identify previous correspondence or refer to the
main idea.
2. Opening. Deliver the most important information first.
3.Body: Arrange information logically, explain and clarify it,
provide additional information if appropriate, and build
goodwill.
4. Closing: End pleasantly.
Conducting Interviews
Before the interview
• Who and what. Decide on your subject matter then find
out who might know about this subject.
• Background research. You should have some basic
knowledge about the subject.
• When and where. You need to make an appointment
with the interviewee.
• Supplies. Tape recorder or video camera, journal for your
notes, pen or pencil, and the list of questions.
During the interview
• Arrival and set up. Look nice and think about being your
“most polite” self. Ask politely to set up your recorder.
• Conduct the interview. Begin asking questions you have
prepared. Ask open-ended questions.
• Take notes.
After the interview
• Write follow-up notes in journal.
• Label your tapes or disks.
• Transcribe
• Analyze your findings.
• Write a thank-you note

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Co m m u n ic a t io n fo r

• Defective patterns of reasoning

Examples of informative speech:

This attempts mainly to inspire the listeners and make them

This is usually delivered to amuse listeners and

This is used by the speaker to influence the thinking, beliefs, or

Writing plan for information replies

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