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Importance of Sub-Station Equipment Maintenance: Presented by MD - Golam Mowla XEN (G&P)

1. Proper maintenance of substation equipment is important for reliable power supply, cost savings, and safety. (2) Daily, weekly, monthly and yearly maintenance is required on major equipment like transformers, isolators, circuit breakers, and earth switches. (3) Key aspects of transformer maintenance include testing the insulating oil, checking fittings and connections for leaks, inspecting breather systems, and measuring winding temperatures.

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579 views23 pages

Importance of Sub-Station Equipment Maintenance: Presented by MD - Golam Mowla XEN (G&P)

1. Proper maintenance of substation equipment is important for reliable power supply, cost savings, and safety. (2) Daily, weekly, monthly and yearly maintenance is required on major equipment like transformers, isolators, circuit breakers, and earth switches. (3) Key aspects of transformer maintenance include testing the insulating oil, checking fittings and connections for leaks, inspecting breather systems, and measuring winding temperatures.

Uploaded by

rajshahieee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Importance of sub-station

Equipment Maintenance

Presented By
MD.GOLAM MOWLA
XEN(G&P)
Major Equipments of S/S
Inspection and maintenance of substation components

•Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Half-yearly & yearly maintenance


• Special and emergency maintenance and execution of annual
maintenance
•Maintenance of bushings and insulators
• Maintenance of transformer mounted ancillary equipment
•Maintenance and inspection of gaskets
• Checking tank and radiators for oil leaks
•Checking for oil levels in main tank and the LTC
• Changing silica gel in breathers
•Inspecting fan operation
•Inspection of LTC
• Maintenance of transformer firefighting system
Major Equipments of S/S

Isolator
Earth Switch
C.T./P.T.
Lightening Arrester / Surge Diverter
Switchgear / Breaker
Power transformer
Auxiliary Transformer
Bus bar
Battery and Battery Charger
Control Relay Panel
Remote Terminal Unit for SCADA
Importance of Maintenance
Reliable Power supply
Sustainable Energy Drawing
Quality power deliver
Un-Interruption
Durability
Risk free assurance
Importance of Maintenance
Free from Threat or Pressure
Cost Effective for future planning
Free from Electric Hazards
Economically Savings from unwanted or
unknown huge amount of cost for
restoration.
In a broad sense, savings annually 90
million Taka paying 10 million by
properly using.
Maintenance & Inspection of S/S Equipments

Maintenance of Substation Equipment


 Preventive and Schedule Maintenance
 Emergency or Break-down maintenance

Inspection of Substation Equipment


 Daily Inspection
 Weekly Inspection
 Monthly Inspection
 Quarterly Inspection
 Half-yearly Inspection
 Annual Inspection
Power Transformer
Power Transformer

Conservator

HT Buchholz
Bushing Relay

LT
Bushing Tap
Changer

Radiator
Silica Gel

Cooling fan
Operation of Power Transformer

Operation of
Operation of cooling breathing system
control system
Operation of
tap changer
Maintenance of A Power Transformer

Test oil sample of transformer main tank & tap changer tank
 Check condition of oil gauges and oil level
 Check for oil leakage & integrity of gasket joints
 Check the tightness of nuts & bolts
 Check the insulation resistance of bushing
 Check that silica gel crystals are blue
 Re-greasing of bearings of cooling fan
 Check the performance of oil temperature & winding temperature meter
 Change the oil of OLTC
 Check the control system and driving mechanism of OLTC
 Check insulation resistance between each winding and ground.
 Calculate the Dielectric Absorption Ratio-

DAR = (I.R. of 60 sec)/(I.R. of 15 sec)


Test of Insulating Oil
Test/Parameter Reference value
Dielectric strength test: Minimum 30 kV at 2.5 mm gap between
two gloves with minimum mm dia
Acidity test: Acid value less than 0.02 mg KOH/g

Measurement of moisture
content in oil: 50-60 ppm
Gas analysis:
Viscosity at 20°C : 40 cst
Pour point maximum: -10°c
Flash point: 140°c
Dissipation factor or
Power Factor/loss tan delta: at 90°c 0.5%
at 20°c 0.1%
Volume resistivity : 5.7×1014 Ω-cm
Interfacial tension at 27°C: minimum 0.04 N/m
Dielectric constant: 2 to 2.5
Power Transformer Maintenance Form (132/33 KV)

Substation: Bashundhara 132/33 KV Grid Year of installation: 1995


Capacity: 50/75 MVA
Year of manufacture: 1993
Equipment: 132/33 KV Power Transformer. Tap Type: ONLOAD Maximum load: 315 Amps
(132 KV Side) Date 27.05.07

Identification Name:GT-1 Quantity of oil:39216 liters Date of Maintenance: 02 November 07.

Manufacturer:Hawker Siddeley Power Trans Ltd. Cooling type: ONAN/ONAF Winding Repair/Not repaired
Serial no. 901562 Repaired: 2003.

Checklist:
Sl Check point Checked Remarks

01 Test oil sample of main tank √ Yes No Tested from CERS, result satisfactory

02 Test oil sample of tap changer √ Yes No Replaced oil of tap changer

03 Condition of oil gauges and oil level √ Yes No Good

04 Condition of paint works √ Yes No Ok

05 All valve correctly open and close √ Yes No Ok

06 Silica gel condition & breather plugs √ Yes No Color degraded & should be changed.

07 All reservoir filled with oil √ Yes No Sufficiently filled

08 Pressure relief diaphragm intact √ Yes No Ok

09 Operation of the floats √ Yes No Ok

10 Earth connections √ Yes No Proper

11 Oil leakage and integrity of gasket joint √ Yes No Not good condition

12 Tightness of nuts & bolts on the top √ Yes No Ok

13 NER connection √ Yes No Ok

14 Force cooling mechanism & fan motor √ Yes No Ok

15 Auto/Manual of force cooling system √ Yes No Ok

16 Protection and control system √ Yes No Healthy


Test-01: Insulation resistance (Insulation resistance Ohmmeter,
Model: Megger BM 11D)

Winding 15 Sec. 60 Sec. P.I. Remarks

HT-LT 366 MΩ 434 MΩ 1.121 Oil Temperature


40 Deg Cen.
HT-E 352 MΩ 412 MΩ 1.170 Megger Voltage 5000 V
LT-E 210 MΩ 252 MΩ 1.200

Test-02: LT Winding resistance (Digital Low resistance Ohmmeter, Model: Megger DLRO 200)

Winding Resistance Remarks

R phase to Y phase 0.12 Ω Oil Temperature


40 Deg. Cen.
Y phase to B phase 0.12 Ω

B phase to R phase 0.12 Ω

Comments:
Transformer main tank oil is to be centrifuged as degraded P.I. ratio.

Service man: Supervised by:


Protection of power system
Requirement of protection:
Normal operation
Prevention of electrical failure
Mitigation of the effects of electrical failure

Protective device:
Switchgear
Fuse

Functional characteristics of protective relaying


Sensitivity, Selectivity and Speed
Reliability
Transformer Protection
Buchholz relay
Differential relay
Pressure relief relay
Oil surge relay for OLTC
Over fluctuation protection
Directional over current
High set over current
Earth fault protection
- Stand by earth fault
- Restricted earth fault
Thermal over heating protection
a) Winding temperature
b) Oil temperature
Testing and Commissioning
Transformer:
Visual check
Insulation resistance measurement
Vector group test
Measurement of winding resistance
Ratio test of Bushing CT
Magnetizing test of Bushing CT
Polarity test of Bushing CT
Dielectric test of oil
Short circuit test
Magnetic balance test
Oil / winding temperature meter test
Impedance test
Importance for Maintenance of
Isolator
Vital Part of S/S
Initial Power Point
Kept smooth for voltage receiving.
Power receiving and delivering point ,so
it must be proper dimension considering
demand side management.
Importance of Earth switch
Maintenance
When Earth switch is required?

During Sub-station Maintenance Period


During shut-down.
During new bay extension.
Why earth switch is required?
For maintenance of cable and breaker
must be kept under voltage free
condition. IN THESE CASE Earth switch
must be closed.
Momentary induced voltages comes if
cable and breaker is not close via earth
switch.
Henceforth, Grounding system must be
healthy under design consideration.
Importance of Earth switch
!Do not close earth switch of BUS when
BUS is under operational condition.

!Do not close earth switch of the Cable


when cable is under charging condition.
Proper earthing criteria

Mesh Network
Dedicated neutral Grounding.
Proper Boring of Copper Grounding Rod.
Proper size and quality ensure for
copper grounding.
Soil resistivity is more important.
Must have proper grounding design &
grounding equipment and connection.
Importance of Circuit Breaker
No maintenance is required before 10
years for GIS (a set of Bus, Isolator
,Earth switch, Circuit Breaker).
But AIS is not maintenance free.
Thank you

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