Ccna 200-301

CCNA 200-301
COACH NIZAR
INTRODUCTION
• What is CCNA?
-> CCNA: CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) is a
certification from Cisco, the world's most famous company for
manufacturing and selling networking equipment.
TOPICS
• Network fundamentals
• Network access
• IP connectivity
• IP services
• Security fundamentals
• Automation and programmability
Chapter 1 :Network fundamentals
• What is Network?
- Network == Computer Network
-> A network consists of two or more devices (Laptops, printers,
servers, etc. …) that are linked together so they can communicate
(sharing information between them).
• Network Types (Sizes)

- LAN : Local Area Netwok (Private)
-> LAN is a private network that connects computers and
devices within limited area like an office, building, or campus.

- MAN: Metropolitan Area Network.
-> MAN is a larger network than LAN
-> It often covers multiple cities or towns.
-> It can be public or private

- WAN: Wide Area Netwok.
-> A wide area network is much larger than LAN and MAN.
-> It often covers multiple countries or cotenants.
Example : Internet
• Network Components :
-> Devices that could be used in the inside of a netwok
• Network Components: Router

-> Network devices that connect different networks together.
-> For example router can connect LAN and WAN together.
-> It can also route the ip packet to its correct destinations (netwok).
-> Each interface in a router is a Boradcast domain(network)
- Interface == Port
• Network Components: Switch

->Netwok devices that connects 2 or more devices in one network
domain.
-> So Switchs connect devices and Router connect networks
• Network Components: Multilayer Switch

-> MLS (L3-Switch) looks like a switch(it contains many ports).
-> MLS functions like a router and switch(there are ports for router and
also for switch)
-> So there are two types of switch L2-switch and L3-switch.
+ =
• Network Components: Multilayer Switch

- Notes:
-> In general , there are too many ports in switch than in router.
-> So Routers have a lower port density than a switch
Port density = amount of ports in a single device
-> In reality you will not see end devices connect directly to router , it connect
first to switch.
->When you but a multilayer switch by default it work like l2-switch
-> The ports of switch by default no shutdown , but the port of router by
default shutdown
• Network Components: Firewall(Filter)

-> is a network device that apply some restriction to your local network.
-> It protect your network from the internet
-> Firewall do not check payload
• Network Components: IPS

- IPS = Intrusion prevention System.
-> Do deep packet inspection (check payload)
-> Try to spot attacks
-> But it don t check header of packet
• Network Components: NGFW

- NGFW = Next Generation FireWall
- -> NGFW = FW + IPS
• Network Components: NGFW

- NGFW = Next Generation FireWall
- -> NGFW = FW + IPS
• Network Components: AP
- AP = Access Point
- -> Aps are network devices that connect devices without cables
(wirelessly)
- -> In switch we need cables to connect devices
- > So , in wireless network ,APS are the first destination for a host to
communicate with other hosts
- > In wireless networks, APS are not replaced entirely the switches.
- > Because we use the switch to connect many AP.
• Network Components: Wireless controller

-> A wireless controller manages APS that allow wireless devices to
connect to the netwok
-> So we can say that the wireless controller is a central management
point for multiple APS.
-> For examples , in a hotel we have 20 PAS and we want to turn off all
this APS.
-> We can turn off all this APS just buy the controller.
-> But id we don’t have a wireless controller you have to turn off each
AP alone.
• Network Components: Cisco DNA CENTER

->DNA Center is like wireless controller but it control all the network.
-> So DNA center, control, or manage all the devices in the network.
-> We can say that the DNA center is a supper powerful central
management point.
• Network Components: Server

->A server is a powerful computer that store common data , and
provides this data to other computers known as clients
-> Many types of servers exist , including web servers , mail servers ,
and file servers….
• Network topology : 2 tier & 3 tier
-> Typical for entreprise & campus
- 3 tier : A 3 tier architecture composed of 3 layers (core /distribution
/access).

->All end device connect to the Access layer that contain always l2-
switches
-> The access layer connect to the distribution layer that take
information from the first layer access and send it to the core layer that
contain l3-switch and routers.
-> Distribution layer often conatin l3-switch
-> Each switch have to connect to each l3 switch in the distribution
layer

- 2 tier : It is like the 3 tier but don’t have the core layer

-> There is no connecton between access device
-> but distribution devices are connected to each other.
-> There core devices are also connected to each other
• Network topology : Spin and leaf

- Especially for data centers
-> It use special switches (called Nexus)
-> Nexus switches are very expensive ,powerful and fast switch
produced by cisco.
-> Fabric are the devices used in spin and leaf
-> In spin&leaf network there is :
-No outage
- Full Redundancy
• Network topology : Small office / Home office (SOHO)

-Home office : Working from home
-> This is network contain just a router and your computer , and this
router will be connected to the router of the company where you work
- Small office :
-> It contain few end devices
-> Single router and switch
• Network topology : On-promise and cloud based networks

-On-premise : Everything (devices ) is in the office , company ,data
center.
-Cloud based : Everything is at the cloud company.
• Network topology : On-promise and cloud based networks

-On-premise : everthing(dvices ) is in the office , company ,data center.
-Cloud based : Everything is at the cloud company.
• Network Architecture Models :

1- The open systems interconnection model (OSI) :
-> OSI describe the process that the data takes when it leaves one
device, goes across the network and is received by another device.
-> OSI makes troubleshooting easier
-> If a problem happen in the network we start cheking from layer 1
(see cables if are connected ) then layer 2 up to layer 7

1- The open systems interconnection model (OSI) :
-> Protocol : is a set of rules that allows electric devise to communicate
with each other.

2- TCP / IP:
• Layer 1 technologies
Cables
Copper(Ethernet) Fiber Optic

- Cables :
1 - Copper (Ethernet) : the oldest ,varity in speed (10 Mbps – 1000
Mbps) ,developed through time
-> It contain 4 paires of copper
-> The speed of copper cable stop in 1000 Mbps = 1Gbps.
-> Each par are twisted(WHY ??¿¿¿¿)
- Cables :
1 - Copper (Ethernet) :
-> We use 4 pairs to increase the speed
-> 2 pairs for 100Mbps / other 2 paires transfer electrical power (cat 5)
-> 4 pairs for the 1000 Mbps (cat 6/ cat5e)
-> There is two types of Ethernet cable : STP (Shielded) and UTP
(Unshieleded)
-> cat 3 -> 10 Mbps
- Cables :
1 - Copper (Ethernet) :
- Cables :
2 - Fiber Optics : New, high speed
- Single fiber is enough (in copper we need to use paire to close circuit)
- Start with 1 Gbps , up to tens fo Gbps
- For sending data we use either light or laser
- We use one fiber for transmission and one for reception
- Cables :
2 - Fiber Optics :
- How does the device understand light signals?
-> We use a connector called SFP(Small form-factor pluggable).
-> It a portable connector that transform optical signals to electrical
signals.
-> It determine the speed of transfer data
-> It replace GBIC
-> GBIC is like SFP , but the SFP is small than GBIC

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CCNA 200-301

• Network Types (Sizes)

• Network Types (Sizes)

• Network Types (Sizes)

• Network Components: Router

• Network Components: Switch

• Network Components: Multilayer Switch

• Network Components: Multilayer Switch

• Network Components: Firewall(Filter)

• Network Components: IPS

• Network Components: NGFW

• Network Components: NGFW

• Network Components: Wireless controller

• Network Components: Cisco DNA CENTER

• Network Components: Server

• Network topology : 2 tier & 3 tier

• Network topology : 2 tier & 3 tier

• Network topology : 2 tier & 3 tier

• Network topology : Spin and leaf

• Network topology : Small office / Home office (SOHO)

• Network topology : On-promise and cloud based networks

• Network topology : On-promise and cloud based networks

• Network Architecture Models :

• Network Architecture Models :

• Network Architecture Models :

Copper(Ethernet) Fiber Optic

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