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Introduction To API571

This document provides an overview of API RP 571 for corrosion and materials certification. It outlines the body of knowledge, qualification requirements, code content, and definitions relevant to the API 571 exam. The body of knowledge is based on API RP 571 and excludes some introductory sections. The exam is 4 hours, multiple choice, and covers damage mechanisms affecting fixed equipment in refineries. Key topics include mechanical failures, corrosion types, and environment-assisted cracking across various materials.

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Lily & Ameer لى لى و أمير
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189 views

Introduction To API571

This document provides an overview of API RP 571 for corrosion and materials certification. It outlines the body of knowledge, qualification requirements, code content, and definitions relevant to the API 571 exam. The body of knowledge is based on API RP 571 and excludes some introductory sections. The exam is 4 hours, multiple choice, and covers damage mechanisms affecting fixed equipment in refineries. Key topics include mechanical failures, corrosion types, and environment-assisted cracking across various materials.

Uploaded by

Lily & Ameer لى لى و أمير
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION

API-571
Damage Mechanisms Affecting
Fixed Equipment in the Refining
Industry
Body of Knowledge
 The Body of Knowledge for the API 571 exam
consists of the entire API RP 571, 2nd edition
(2011) with the exception of the following
sections: 1.1, 3.1, 4.1 and 5.2.

 The API 571 examination is 4 hours long.

 There are 80 questions, all multiple-choice and


closed-book.

This examination has a set passing point of 70%, or


49 correct answers.
QUALIFICATION REQUIRED
 Holder of a current API 510, 570 or 653 certification,
automatically qualify to take API 571 Corrosion and
Materials certification exam. OR
Education Minimum Years of Experience Required
Experience
BS or higher in
engineering or 1 year
technology
2-year degree or
certificate in
2 years Any experience in
engineering or
petrochemical
technology
industry
High school diploma
3 years
or equivalent
No formal
5 or more years
education
Code Content
 Section 1 ( Scope)

 Section 2 ( References)

 Section 3 ( Definitions)

 Section 4( Damage mechanisms in

all industries).

 Section 5(Damage Mechanisms in Refinery).

 Process Flow Diagrams PFDs.


SCOPE

This document incorporates information gathered


from major incidents in the refining and
petrochemical industry in pressure vessels, piping,
and tankage and is intended to provide guidance to
inspection personnel. The mechanisms are divided
into the following sections:

a) Mechanical and Metallurgical Failure

b) Uniform or Localized Loss of Thickness

c) High Temperature Corrosion

d) Environment Assisted Cracking


Failure of Equipment
 Premature failures of critical components like
pipelines, vessels, boilers , heat exchangers and
related equipment are due to:
I. typically interaction of material properties
(Metallurgy of materials),
II. exposed environment (both within & outside
the equipment) and
III. Engineering applications for which the
equipment is used (service conditions like
pressure, temperature, fatigue etc.)
Section 4 Content

a)Mechanical and Metallurgical Failure

( 20 Mechanism)

b) Uniform or Localized Loss of Thickness

( 12 Mechanism)

c) High Temperature Corrosion

( 7 Mechanism)

d) Environment Assisted Cracking

( 8 Mechanism)

TOTAL …… 47
Section 5 Content

a)Uniform or Localized Loss of Thickness

( 12 Mechanism)

b) Environment Assisted Cracking

( 5 Mechanism)

c) Other Mechanisms ( 2 Mechanism)

TOTAL …… 19

Both in section 4&5 is 66 mechanism


PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS (PFDs)

Code contains 14 pages for process flow diagrams


in Refinery and common damage mechanisms
locations.

Example.
Section 3 Terms & Definitions
 Austenitic and Ferritic phases

Terms refer to metallurgical structure found austenite and ferrite phases


respectively.

Austenite normally with S300 series SS and nickel base alloys.

Ferrite with CS, low alloy steel and 400 series SS.
Section 3 Terms & Definitions
 Austenitic stainless steels

300 series stainless steels including 304, 304L, 304H, 309, 310, 316,
316L, 316, 316L, 316H, 321, 321H, 347, 347H.

“L” & “H” suffixes refer to low and high carbon content respectively.

Low carbon contains < 0.03 C

Theses alloys are austenitic structure.


 Ferritic stainless steels

Include 405, 409, 430, 422 and 446.

 Duplex stainless steels.

A family of stainless steels that contain a mixed austenitic-


ferritic structure including alloy 2205, 2304 and 2507.

The welds of 300 series may also exhibit a duplex structure.

 Martensitic stainless steels.

Include 410, 410S,416,420,440A,440B & 440C.


 Diethanolamine DEA & Methyldiethanolamine MDEA

& Monoethanolamine (MEA)

Used in amine treating unit for remove H2S & CO2 from
hydrocarbon stream.
 Hydrogen Induced Cracking

Stepwise internal cracks that connect adjacent hydrogen


blisters on different planes in the metal or to the metal
surface. No externally applied stress is required.
 Stress oriented hydrogen induced cracking (SOHIC)

Cracks perpendicular to stress that are formed by link-up of small HIC


cracks in steel.

Tensile stress (applied or residual) is required to produce SOHIC.

Observed in base metal adjacent to HAZ oriented in through thickness


direction.

Also in susceptible steels at high stress points like crack tip or defects.
1.3 Organization and Use
The information for each damage mechanism is
provided in a set format as shown below. This
recommended practice format facilitates use of
the information in the development of inspection
programs, FFS assessment and RBI applications.

a)Description of Damage
a basic description of the damage mechanism.
b) Affected Materials
a list of the materials prone to the damage
mechanism.
c) Critical Factors
a list of factors that affect the damage mechanism
(i.e. rate of damage).
d) Affected Units or Equipment
a list of the affected equipment and/or units where
the damage mechanism commonly occurs is
provided. This information is also shown on process
flow diagrams for typical process units.
e) Appearance or Morphology of Damage
a description of the damage mechanism, with
pictures in some cases, to assist with recognition of
the damage.
f) Prevention / Mitigation
methods to prevent and/or mitigate damage.
g) Inspection and Monitoring
recommendations for NDE for detecting and
sizing the flaw types associated with the damage
mechanism.
h) Related Mechanisms
a discussion of related damage mechanisms.
i) References – a list of references that provide
background and informations.
Damage mechanisms that are common to a variety
of industries including refining and petrochemical,
pulp and paper, and fossil utility are covered in
Section 4.0.

Damage mechanisms that are specific to the refining


and petrochemical industries are covered in Section 5.
In addition, process flow diagrams are provided in 5.2
to assist the user in determining primary locations
where some of the significant damage mechanisms are
commonly found.
Example PFDs ( FCC UNIT)
THANKS

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