Aircraft Landing Gear: National Aviation College by Biruck Abraham

Aircraft
Landing Gear
NATIONAL AVIATION COLLEGE
BY BIRUCK ABRAHAM
Shock Absorbers
 Steel Leaf or Tubular Spring
 Bungee Shock Cord
 Oleo Shock Strut

Steel Leaf or Tubular Spring
Steel Leaf or Tubular Spring
Bungee Shock Cord
Oleo Shock Strut
Oleo Shock Strut
Nose Wheel Steering And Shimmy
Dampers
 Castering Nose Wheel
 Steerable Nose Wheels

Nose Wheel Steering And Shimmy
Dampers
Landing Gear
Retraction
Systems
Landing Gear Retraction
Systems
Cessna 182 RG
 Hydraulically actuators powered by an electrically-driven hydraulic power

pack.
 Normal operating pressure of 1000 PSI to 1500 PSI.
 Provides a positive up lock pressure on the main landing gear.
 Nose gear uses an over-center mechanical linkage.

Landing Gear Retraction
Systems
Cessna 182 Gear Warning Horn
 Based on the position of the throttle (power reduction to ~15 inches manifold
pressure).
 Also requires the gear to be NOT down and locked (no green light).
 Not driven by speed.
 Not driven by altitude.

Aircraft Brakes
Wheel Units
 Energizing-type Drum Brake
 Weight of the vehicle or aircraft aids in the application of the

brake.
Wheel Units
 Nonenergizing Brakes
 Expander Tube
 Disc Brakes
Disc Brakes
 Single Disc
 Most popular brake for modern light aircraft.
 Multiple Disc
Goodyear Single Disc (Keyed)
Brake Energizing Systems
 Diaphragm Type Master Cylinder
 Vented Master cylinders
 Boosted Brake Master Cylinders
 Power Brake System

Diaphragm Type Master Cylinder
Vented Master cylinders
Aircraft
Wheels, Tires
And Tubes
Wheels
 Single-piece
 Removable Rim
 Two-Piece
Tires
Tires
Normal Wear
Over-Inflation
Under-Inflation
Questions and
Answers
Landing Gear
What are three advantages
of a tricycle landing gear
over a tail-wheel type
landing gear?
Landing Gear
It allows more forceful application of
the brakes without the danger of
nosing the aircraft over
It permits better visibility for the
pilot during ground operations
Landing Gear
Itprevents the tendency
for the aircraft to ground
loop.
Landing Gear
What is the name of the
landing gear that has more
than two wheels mounted
on a single strut?
A bogie landing gear
Landing Gear
What is the function of the
drag strut in a retractable
landing gear?
Landing Gear
The drag strut braces the landing
gear against fore-and-aft
movement of the wheel, and it
hinges in its middle to allow the
landing gear to be retracted into
the aircraft structure.
Landing Gear
What are the two most
commonly used methods of
actuating a retractable
landing gear?
Electric Motor
Hydraulic Cylinder
Landing Gear
Gear Position Indicators
Red light
One or three green lights
Press to test
Landing Gear
What are four methods of
emergency extension of a
retractable landing gear?
Landing Gear
Hand crank
Designed so it will free fall
and lock down mechanically
Hydraulic pressure can be
built up by a hand pump
Landing Gear
Actuated with compressed
air from a storage cylinder
Landing Gear
Maximum landing gear
extended speed VLE
Maximum landing gear
operating speed VLO
Landing Gear
What is the commonly

used name for the landing
gear safety switch that is
located on the torque
links?
A squat switch
Landing Gear
Explain when you would
retract the gear after
takeoff?
Landing Gear
Explain when you would retract
the gear after takeoff?
Two positive rates of climb and
once there is no more runway
available for landing in front of
the airplane
Landing Gear
warning horn in a
retractable landing gear
system?
Landing Gear
The horn sounds to warn the
pilot that the throttles are closed
to the position for landing of the
aircraft if the landing gear is not
down and locked. It is different
from the stall warning horn.
Landing Gear
How is nosewheel steering
accomplished on a light
aircraft?
Landing Gear
Most light aircraft have some
form of direct linkage
between the nose-wheel and
the rudder pedals that allow
the nose-wheel to be steered
when the aircraft is on the
ground.
Landing Gear
How is nose-wheel
steering accomplished on a
heavy aircraft?
Landing Gear
The nose-wheels of most
heavy aircraft are steered
with hydraulic actuators that
are controlled by moving a
small wheel that is turned by
the pilot.
Landing Gear
shimmy damper that is
used on a tricycle landing
gear?
Landing Gear
The shimmy damper restrains
the movement of the nose-
wheel. It allows the wheel to be
steered by moving it slowly, but
does not allow the wheel to
move back and forth rapidly.
Landing Gear
Why do modern high-
performance aircraft use
several small wheels rather
than fewer large wheels on
their landing gear?
Landing Gear
Small wheels spread the
weight of the aircraft over a
larger area
Several smaller wheels give
a margin of safety in case
one tire should fail
Landing Gear
Small wheels and tires are
easier to house in the
aircraft structure than large
ones
Landing Gear
What is indicated by a tire
wearing on the shoulder of
the tread more that in the
center of the tread?
Landing Gear
What is indicated by a tire
wearing on the shoulder of
the tread more that in the
center of the tread?
The tire has been operated
under-inflated
Landing Gear
How soon after landing
should aircraft tires be
checked for proper
inflation?
Landing Gear
No sooner that two hours
after the aircraft has landed.
The correct inflation pressure
in a tire is the pressure when
the tire is cold.
Landing Gear
Why is it important that
the tread of a tire not be
allowed to wear to the
point that water cannot
pass under the tire?
Landing Gear
If water cannot pass under
the tire, the airplane is
likely to hydroplane or
skid on wet runways?
Landing Gear
What is one of the main
dangers of operating a
tubeless tire in an
underinflated condition?
Landing Gear
When the tire is operated in
an underinflated condition,
the cords flex and generate
enough heat to damage the
tire.
Runway Weight Bearing Capacity
Salina
RWY 17-35 S-75 D-200 DT-
360 DDT-600
RWY 12-30 S-55 D-68 DT-125
RWY 04-22 S-75 D-80 DT-200
S - Single Wheel type landing gear
DC-3
D - Dual wheel type landing gear
DC-6
T - Twin wheel landing gear DC-6
ST - Single-tandem type
landing gear C-130
SBTT - Single-Belly Twin
Tandem landing gear KC-10
DT - Dual-tandem type
landing gear B707
TT - Twin-tandem type (includes
quadricycle landing gear B-52 C-135
TRT - Triple-tandem landing gear
C-17
DDT - Double dual-
tandem landing gear B747
TDT Twin delta-tandem
landing gear C-5

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Aircraft

 Steel Leaf or Tubular Spring

 Bungee Shock Cord

 Oleo Shock Strut

 Castering Nose Wheel

 Steerable Nose Wheels

 Hydraulically actuators powered by an electrically-driven hydraulic power

 Normal operating pressure of 1000 PSI to 1500 PSI.

 Provides a positive up lock pressure on the main landing gear.

 Nose gear uses an over-center mechanical linkage.

 Not driven by speed.

 Not driven by altitude.

 Energizing-type Drum Brake

 Weight of the vehicle or aircraft aids in the application of the

 Most popular brake for modern light aircraft.

 Diaphragm Type Master Cylinder

 Vented Master cylinders

 Boosted Brake Master Cylinders

 Power Brake System

What is the commonly

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