Solar Photovoltaic: Lecturer Name: PN Junaida BT Shaari Students

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC
LECTURER NAME : PN JUNAIDA BT SHAARI

STUDENTS :
NAME REG NO
ANURACK A/L JONG JUT 01DEE19F1057
MUHAMMAD SYAHMI BIN AHMAD 01DEE19F1052
FOUZI
MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN HARIF 01DEE19F1056
WHAT IS SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ?
 Process of converting light (photons) to electricity (voltage),

which is called the photovoltaic effect.
 A solar module consists of numerous solar cells.
 Solar cells were soon being used to power space satellites and
smaller items such as calculators and watches.
 Electricity from solar cells has become cost competitive in

many regions and photovoltaic systems are being deployed at
large scales to help power the electric grid.
 Can be connected either in series and parallel .

BLOCK DIAGRAM
DC LOAD
MPPT SOLAR
SOLAR PANEL BATTERY
CONTROLLER
AC
POWER
DISTRIBUTIO
INVERTER
N BOARD
AC LOAD
OPERATION
• Solar photovoltaic is connected to MPPT Solar Charger Controller terminals.
• Light energy will be converted to electrical energy with the amount of heat
absorbed by the solar panel cell.
• Can observed increasing of voltage from MPPT Solar Charger Controller.
• Voltage will be transmitted to the battery until it fully charged.
• An inverter will act as main role play to convert alternating current (AC) to
direct current (DC) .
• Transmit to AC distribution board an then to AC load such as sockets,lamps
& etc electrical equipment .
TOOLS USED
• Digital Multimeter
Solar plant electrical measurement requires a tool
that can measure both AC and DC voltage. A
digital multimeter is the right tool for quick
voltage detection as well as installation and
troubleshooting at the combiner box and inverter.
• Clamp Meter
A reliable clamp meter can be used for verifying the
presence of AC/DC load current. Clamp meters can also
measure voltage and continuity. It should be able to measure
1,000 A AC/DC (2,500 A AC with iFlex) in combiner boxes,
inverters, breakers and disconnects. A good clamp meter can
also measure loads and line frequency in circuits.
• Angle Finder
Setting the solar module at the optimum tilt angle increases
the power output. Depending on the time of year the sun
may be higher or lower in the sky. Adjusting the tilt angle by
15 degrees (latitude) can result in an increase in the energy
output of the solar module. A module set at a tilt orientation
of 0 degrees (horizontal) will produce power
• Solar Panel Hanger

As one of the latest additions to the industry, this is a unique
invention that provides a straightforward and seamless
solution for holding and positioning the panels while they
are on the rail. Solar panel hangers are a must-have tool for
anyone who plans on installing panels. This tool sits on the
tracks and allows you to place the panels safely on the rail.
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
• INVERTER CHECK
The inverter does not require major maintenance, however it is advisable to do once a year. Inverter service will check for dirt (dust, weeds or other
debris) that may lead to a loss of power and insufficient cooling. We also verify the data being generated by the inverter are logical and coincide with
those that are visible in the inverter display
-VENTILATION CHECK
The inverter is provided on both sides with ventilation air ducts. The inverter sucks air through the fan at the bottom and let it escapes on the other side.
For this reason, it is necessary to unlock and clean the vent air ducts inside the Inverter so there is the greater heat dissipation for the cooling system.
• SOLAR PANEL MODULES CHECKS
PV (PhotoVoltaic) systems do not require constant maintenance. Although it is advisable to maintain the front (glass side) of the module clean to ensure
that energy production is unaffected. Removal of dust or debris may be carried out by using a microfibre cloth and ethanol on the glass of the
photovoltaic panels.
• WIRING CABLE INSPECTION
Connectors and terminals (including the cables for ground protection connection and retightening of all terminal points): A terminal connection that is
not making correct physical contact can always produce an electric arc, which can cause an increase in temperature, even a spark or short-circuit,
causing a possible operational failure in the device.
• SOLAR ELECTRONIC PROTECTION SWITCH INSPECTION
check for wear and tear of the Electronic Solar Switch, making sure that the connectors or terminals do not show signs of discoloration through
overload heating or short circuit damage.

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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

LECTURER NAME : PN JUNAIDA BT SHAARI

 Process of converting light (photons) to electricity (voltage),

 A solar module consists of numerous solar cells.

 Electricity from solar cells has become cost competitive in

 Can be connected either in series and parallel .

• Solar Panel Hanger

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