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Conductive Polymer: Made By: 1. Aditya Prakash 102117002 2. Amarnath 102117004 3. Ashutosh Meena 102117009

Conductive polymers can conduct electricity and behave like metals or semiconductors. They were discovered in 1977 and have several advantages over traditional polymers like processability. Common conductive polymers include polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyaniline. They can be synthesized chemically or via electropolymerization and have applications in electronic devices, coatings, and displays due to their electrical and electrochemical properties.

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Varsha Praburam
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68 views10 pages

Conductive Polymer: Made By: 1. Aditya Prakash 102117002 2. Amarnath 102117004 3. Ashutosh Meena 102117009

Conductive polymers can conduct electricity and behave like metals or semiconductors. They were discovered in 1977 and have several advantages over traditional polymers like processability. Common conductive polymers include polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyaniline. They can be synthesized chemically or via electropolymerization and have applications in electronic devices, coatings, and displays due to their electrical and electrochemical properties.

Uploaded by

Varsha Praburam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONDUCTIVE POLYMER

Made By:
1. Aditya Prakash 102117002
2. Amarnath 102117004
3. Ashutosh Meena 102117009
CONTENTS

1. Introduction
2. History
3. Types
4. Synthesis
5. Properties and Application
Intrinsically Conducting Polymer

ICPs are conducting polymer that conduct


electricity.
Their compound may have metallic conductivity or
can be semiconductors.
The biggest advantage of conductive polymers is
their processability, mainly by dispersion.
Conductive polymers are generally
not thermoplastics, i.e., they are not
thermoformable.
They can offer high electrical conductivity but do
not show similar mechanical properties to other
commercially available polymers.
History

In 1977, Alan J. Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa reported similar


high conductivity in oxidized iodine-doped polyacetylene.
For this research, they were awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the
discovery and development of conductive polymers."
Polyacetylene
• By varying the apparatus and catalyst
loading, Shirakawa and coworkers
were able to synthesize polyacetylene
as thin films, rather than insoluble
black powders.
• Doping is performed at much higher
levels (20–40%) in conducting
polymers than in semiconductors
(<1%).
Types
Main Chain Contains Heteroatoms Presents
No Heteroatom Nitrogen containing Sulfur containing
Aromatic Cycles  Poly(fluorene)s The N is in the aromatic The S is in the aromatic
 polyphenylenes cycle: cycle:
 polypyrenes  poly(pyrrole)s (PPY)  poly(thiophene)s (PT)
 polyazulenes  polycarbazoles  poly(3,4-
 polynaphthalenes  polyindoles ethylenedioxythiophe
 polyazepines ne) (PEDOT)
The N is outside the The S is outside the
aromatic cycle: aromatic cycle:
 polyanilines (PANI)  poly(p-phenylene
sulfide) (PPS)

Double Bonds  Poly(acetylene)s (PAC)

Aromatic Cycle and  Poly(p-phenylene


Double Bonds vinylene) (PPV)
Synthesis

Conductive polymers are prepared by many methods. Most conductive polymers


are prepared by oxidative coupling of monocyclic precursors. Such reactions
entail dehydrogenation:
n H–[X]–H → H–[X]n–H + 2(n–1) H+ + 2(n–1) e−
There are two main methods used to synthesize conductive polymers, 
A. chemical synthesis 
B. electro (co)polymerization.

A. Chemical Synthesis means connecting carbon-carbon bond of monomers by


placing the simple monomers under various condition, such as heating,
pressing, light exposure and catalyst.
Synthesis

A. Chemical Synthesis
• Advantage is High Yield.
• However, there are many impurities plausible in the end product.

B. Electro (co)polymerization
• Electro (co)polymerization means inserting three electrodes (reference
electrode, counter electrode and working electrode) into solution including
reactors or monomers.
• The advantage of Electro (co)polymerization are the high purity of products.
•  But the method can only synthesize a few products at a time.
Properties and application

Can provide electromagnetic shielding of


electronic circuits.
Can be used as antistatic coating material
to prevent electrical discharge exposure
on photographic emulsions.
Can be used as hole injecting electrodes
for OLEDS.
Usage in electroluminescent displays
(mobile telephones).
Some are promising for field-effect
transistors (Usage in supermarket
checkouts)

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