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Bridging Fault Model Presentation

In this PPT you will find details about Bridging fault model & you can also use this in your college presentation in STLD subject

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61 views8 pages

Bridging Fault Model Presentation

In this PPT you will find details about Bridging fault model & you can also use this in your college presentation in STLD subject

Uploaded by

Manav Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bridging Faults

Presented By: DIVYANG DHEER


Bridging Faults

● Definition:
○ Two(or more) distinct logic signals unintended shorted together and create
wired logic.

Q: How many two-way Bridging Fault in a circuit of n signals?


● Arbitrary choose two signals:
● Need to identify pairs of neighbor signals from layout
*Fault extraction
Original Wired-OR Wired-AND a-dominant
Ab a+ b+ a+ b+ a+ b+
Popular models for CMOS 00 00 00 00
● Wired - or (1 - dominant) 01 11 00 01
● Wired - AND (0 - dominant)
● A - dominant 10 11 00 11

11 11 11 11

f a

WIRED - OR WIRED - AND

g b
f a a+ f a a+

g b b+
Wired Logic is Imaginary, not Real g b b+
DIFFERENT MODELS NEED DIFFERENT PATTERNS
● Consider (A, B) bridging fault
○ WIRED - AND, WIRED - OR detected by 001 , 010
○ A - dominant model detected only by 010
INPUTS FAULT-FREE WIRED WIRED A-
ABC OUTPUT -OR -AND DOMINANT

A H 000 0 0 0 0

K 001 1 1 1 1
L
010 1 0 0 1
B
011 1 0 0 1
C E F J
100 0 0 0 0

101 0 0 0 0

110 0 0 0 0

111 0 0 0 0
FEEDBACK BRIDGING FAULTS
● Type 2: creates oscillation
● Type 1: creates memory ○ “Hard” detected by 10, or 11
○ Detected by test sequence 01 -> 00 ○ “Potentially” detected by 00
INPUTS FAULT-FREE FAULTY INPUTS FAULT-FREE FAULTY
XY OUTPUT OUTPUT XY OUTPUT OUTPUT

00 0 unchanged 00 1 oscillation

01 1 1 01 0 0

10 1 1 10 0 0

11 1 1 11 0 0

WIRED-OR WIRED-OR

x A x
y A
y
0101010….
A+
y x=0 A+
y=0 x=0
What are NOT BRIDGING FAULT?

1. Bridging fault does NOT consider shorts to power and ground.


2. Bridging fault does NOT consider defect resistance value.
3. Bridging fault does NOT consider Intra-cell(intra-gate) defects
● Bridging fault is gate-level, NOT transient-level fault model

1. Bridging fault does NOT distinguish between fanout stem and branches
2. Bridging fault is NOT transient fault
PERMANENT FAULTS VS TRANSIENT FAULT

INPUTS FAULT-FREE PER- TRAN-


● Permanent faults: faults always present ABC OUTPUT MANENT SIENT

○ Caused by defects 000 0 0 0


○ E.g. bridging faults caused by particle defects
001 1 0 0 or 1
● Transient faults: faults not always present
○ Induced by environmental(EMI) or internal (IR drop..) 010 1 0 0 or 1
○ E.g. crosstalk faults caused by coupling effect
011 1 0 0 or 1

100 0 0 0
A H
101 0 0 0

B L 110 0 0 0

111 0 0 0
C E F J
THANK YOU

JAI SHREE RAM

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