15 Monitors

Monitors
Chapter 15
Objectives - I
 Identify the types of monitors
 Identify the features of the monitor
 Explain monitor settings
 Install the monitor
 Test the monitor
 Identify the features of the video adapter
Chapter 15 Slide 2 of 22
Objectives - II
 List the components of the video adapter
 List the video adapter standards
 Install the video adapter
 Troubleshoot the monitor
 Troubleshoot the video adapter
Types of Monitors
 Output device that displays information
Types of monitors
Cathode Ray Tube Monitor Liquid Crystal Display TFT Monitors
Cathode Ray Tube Monitor (CRT)
 Displays images with colors that are consistent and can be
viewed comfortably from different angles
Types of CRT
Monochrome Monitor Grayscale Monitor Color Monitor
Liquid Crystal Display Monitor
 Thin and use little space

 Reduce eyestrain as the whole image is
drawn at once on the LCD screen
 Available for desktop use
TFT Monitors
 Uses Thin-Film Transistor technology

 Separate tiny transistor is used for each
pixel on the display
 Allows faster re-drawing of the image
Features of the Monitor
 Size – Specifies the length of the monitor in
inches and measured diagonally
 Resolution – Specifies the number of pixels
 Antiglare Screen – Used to reduce the glare and
eye strain.
Monitor Settings - I
 Brightness – Changes the amount of light in an
image
 Contrast – Specifies the difference between the
lighter and the darker colors
 Horizontal Size – Increases and decreases the size
of the horizontally displayed image
 Vertical Size – Increases and decreases the size of
the vertically displayed image
Monitor Settings - II
 Horizontal position – Moves the displayed image
to the right and left directions on the screen
 Vertical position – Moves the displayed image up
and down on the screen
 Degauss – Removes the magnetism from the
monitor and restores the displayed picture
 Language – Modifies the setting name and
description on the screen
 Corner/Trapezoid correction – Corrects the
distortion in the displayed image
Installing and Testing the Monitor
 Attach signal cable to the system and power
cord to the power outlet.
 POST checks for the proper working of the
monitor
 POST also check if the monitor is receiving
input from the system
Video Adapters
 Display both 2-Dimensional and 3-
Dimensional images
 Working of the Video Adapters
Components of Video Adapter
Components
Video BIOS Video Processor Video RAM RAMDAC
Standards of Video Adapter
Standard Resolution
Video Graphics Array (VGA) 640 x 480
Super VGA (SVGA) 800 x 600
Extended Graphics Array (XGA) 1024 x 768
Super XGA (SXGA) 1280 x 1024
Ultra XGA (UXGA) 1600 x 1200
Troubleshooting Monitor - I
 Problems in displaying the picture on a new
monitor may be caused if the monitor is
defective
 Different types of problems that may occur are:
• Display picture appears too bright or dark
• No display picture on the screen
• Display picture appears wavy or have color patches
• Monitor shows No Signal Output or similar message
• Computer boots but the monitor is blank
• Screen displays a bluish/greenish color
Preventive Maintenance
 Keep the monitor’s surface clean
 Clean the CRT screen with a soft and damp cloth
 Periodically perform vacuum cleaning inside the
case
 Switch off the monitor when not in use for an
extended period
Most Common Problems - I
Problem Cause Solution
Periodic changes in color, Lose connections inside Check the video adapter
brightness, size, or the monitor or the cable connections
position connecting the video
adapter.
Ghosts, shadows, or Occurs with cable Check the cable
streaks adjacent to extensions, excessively connections.
vertical edges in the long cables, cheap or low
picture standard video cables
Electromagnetic Nearby equipment like Locate and place the
Interference (EMI) monitors or power lines sources of magnetic
fields away from CRT.
Degauss the CRT
Most Common Problems - II
Wiring transmitted Noisy AC power occurs Plugging the monitor
interference due to other equipment into another outlet or
using electric motors e.g., the use of a line filter
vacuum cleaners, lamp may help. If possible,
dimmers or motor speed replace or repair the
controls, fluorescent offending device
lamps, and other high
power devices, may
result in a variety of
effects
Monitor not locking on Fault in the video source Correct the settings of
one or more video scan or monitor dealing with video adapter.
ranges the sync signals
Most Common Problems -III

Adjustments needed for Aging CRT reduces Needs adjustments
background brightness brightness through the menus
or focus that are provided on
the monitor panel
Dead monitor due to Bad connections, Change the blown
power supply problems blown fuse or other fuse, Check
component component if
damaged.
Summary - I
 The monitor is an output device.
 Monochrome monitors displays images on the screen
using only one color.
 Gray-scale monitors display images on the screen
using different shades of gray.
 Color monitors display images in a variety of colors.
 CRT monitor is an economical monitor used in most
systems.
 LCD monitors are thin and they use little space.
Summary - II
 Monitors can have a portrait or a landscape orientation.
 Pixels are the tiny dots that make up an image on the
monitor.
 The resolution specifies the number of pixels that the
monitor screen can display.
 The monitor settings enable you to adjust the monitor
display settings.
 You can install the monitor by connecting it to the
system.
Summary - III
 The video adapter sends the images from the system
to the monitor.
 The video adapter has the Video BIOS, Video
processor, Video RAM, and RAMDAC.
 The video adapter standards specify the resolution
and the colors that the video adapter uses to draw the
display image to the monitor.
 The video adapter is installed on the system
motherboard.

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Monitors

Cathode Ray Tube Monitor Liquid Crystal Display TFT Monitors

Monochrome Monitor Grayscale Monitor Color Monitor

 Thin and use little space

 Uses Thin-Film Transistor technology

Video BIOS Video Processor Video RAM RAMDAC

Video Graphics Array (VGA) 640 x 480

Super VGA (SVGA) 800 x 600

Extended Graphics Array (XGA) 1024 x 768

Super XGA (SXGA) 1280 x 1024

Ultra XGA (UXGA) 1600 x 1200

Problem Cause Solution

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