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Android: G. Sujit Varma

Android is an open source software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux kernel, developed by Google and managed by the Open Handset Alliance; it allows developers to write managed code in Java and supports other languages compiling to ARM, and powers many smartphones and tablets from manufacturers like Motorola, Huawei, and Sony Ericsson.

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Sujit Varma
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45 views18 pages

Android: G. Sujit Varma

Android is an open source software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux kernel, developed by Google and managed by the Open Handset Alliance; it allows developers to write managed code in Java and supports other languages compiling to ARM, and powers many smartphones and tablets from manufacturers like Motorola, Huawei, and Sony Ericsson.

Uploaded by

Sujit Varma
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Android

By
G. Sujit Varma

Under the
esteemed guidance of

Mr.D. Nagendra Kumar


Assistant Professor
IT Department
What is Android?
 A software platform and operating system for mobile devices.

 Based on the Linux kernel.

 Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA).

 Allows writing managed code in the Java language.

 Possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling it to ARM


native code (support of Google? No).

 Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007 with


the founding of OHA.
What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)?

 Devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices

 Develop technologies that will significantly lower the cost of developing and
distributing mobile devices and services

License
 Android is under version 2 of the Apache Software License (ASL)
 It's a consortium of several companies

.
Hardware
 Android is not a single piece of hardware.

Everything is there, from the bootloader all the way up to the applications.

Operating System(s) 
 
Android uses Linux for its device drivers, memory management, process
management, and networking.

The next level up contains the Android native libraries. They are all written
in C/C++ internally, but you’ll be calling them through Java interfaces.

Dalvik Virtual Machine. Dalvik runs dex files.


Dalvik VM

• All applications written in Java and converted to the dalvik executable


.dex

• Every android app runs its own process, with its own instance of the
dalvik virtual machine

• Not a traditional JVM, but a custom VM designed to run multiple


instances efficiently on a single device

• VM uses linux kernel to handle low-level functionality incl. security,


threading, process and memory management
Android and Java
Software development
Development requirements 
 Java (officially supported)
 Android SDK
 Eclipse IDE (optional)
 
IDE  and Tools
 Android SDK
 Class Library
 Developer Tools
 dx – Dalvik Cross-Assembler
 aapt – Android Asset Packaging Tool
 adb – Android Debug Bridge
 ddms – Dalvik Debug Monitor Service
 Emulator and System Images

Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools)


 Reduces Development and Testing Time
 Makes User Interface-Creation easier
 Makes Application Description Easier
Building blocks of an android

 Activity
 Broadcast Intent Receiver
 Service
 Content Provider
Features of the Android

 Handset layouts
 Storage
 Connectivity
 Messaging
 Web Browser
 Java Virtual Machine
 Media Support
 Additional Hardware Support
  Network Connectivity
It supports wireless communications using:

 GSM mobile-phone technology


 3G
 Edge
 802.11 Wi-Fi networks

Security
 
 Android is a multi-process system, in which each application
(and parts of the system) runs in its own process.

 User and group IDs that are assigned to applications.

 “Permission" mechanism
Overall evaluation
Advantages 
 
There are a host of advantages that Google’s Android will derive from being an
open source software. Some of the advantages include:

 The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform


 The consumer will benefit from having a wide range of mobile applications to
choose from since the monopoly will be broken by Google Android
 Men will be able to customize a mobile phones using Google Android platform
like never before
 Features like weather details, opening screen, live RSS feeds and even the
icons on the opening screen will be able to be customized.

 
Limitations
Bluetooth limitations

 Android doesn't support:


 Bluetooth stereo
 Contacts exchange
 Modem pairing
 Wireless keyboards
 

 
Applications Developed

 In September 2008, Motorola confirmed that it was working on hardware


products that would run Android.

 Huawei Technologies - smart phones.

 GiiNii Movit Mini is a Internet device based on Google's Android


operating system.

 Sony Ericsson - handset in the summer of 2009.


Conclusion

 Android is Open to all: Industry, developers and even for

the end users.

 It is being a community and tool support participating in

many of the successful open source projects which make

It easy to build for as the web applications also.

 Google Android is stepping in to the next level of Mobile

Internet by overcoming all the limitations and restrictions


References

 www.android.com

 www.developerandroid.com

 www.androiddenmark.dk

 www.androidapps.com
Any questions?????
Thank you one and all……….

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