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Variable Length Subnet Mask (VSLM)

VLSM allows for variable subnet masks to be used, enabling more efficient use of IP addresses. It involves subnetting a subnet to create subnets of variable sizes based on department needs. In the example, a /24 network is subnetted to create a /25, /26, and /28 subnet for Sales (120 hosts), Purchase (50 hosts), Accounts (26 hosts), and Management (5 hosts) respectively, optimizing address utilization.

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157 views9 pages

Variable Length Subnet Mask (VSLM)

VLSM allows for variable subnet masks to be used, enabling more efficient use of IP addresses. It involves subnetting a subnet to create subnets of variable sizes based on department needs. In the example, a /24 network is subnetted to create a /25, /26, and /28 subnet for Sales (120 hosts), Purchase (50 hosts), Accounts (26 hosts), and Management (5 hosts) respectively, optimizing address utilization.

Uploaded by

Nero Kid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson

01

Variable Length Subnet Mask


(VSLM)
WHAT IS VSLM ?
VLSM stands for Variable Length Subnet Mask where the subnet design
uses more than one mask in the same network which means more than
one mask is used for different subnets of a single class A, B, C or a
network. It is used to increase the usability of subnets as they can be of
variable size. It is also defined as the process of subnetting of a subnet.
Slash Notation Vs Subnet Mask
Slash notation is a compact way to show or write an IPv4 subnet mask.
When you use slash notation, you write the IP address, a forward slash (/), and the
subnet mask number.

To find the subnet mask number:

1. Convert the decimal representation of the subnet mask to a binary representation.


2. Count each “1” in the subnet mask. The total is the subnet mask number.

For example, to write the IPv4 address 192.168.42.23 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 in
slash notation:

1. Convert the subnet mask to binary.


In this example, the binary representation of 255.255.255.0 is:
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000.
2. Count each 1 in the subnet mask.
In this example, there are twenty-four (24).
3. Write the original IP address, a forward slash (/), and then the number from Step 2.
The result is 192.168.42.23/24.
Slash Notation
Vs
Subnet Mask
Procedure of implementing VLSM

In VLSM, subnets use block size based on requirement so subnetting is


required multiple times. Suppose there is an administrator that has four
departments to manage. These are sales and purchase department with 120
computers, development department with 50 computers, accounts
department with 26 computers and management department with 5
computers.
Calculation and Computation of Subnets

Step - 1 Make a list of Subnets possible. Step - 3


Allocate the highest range of IPs to the highest
requirement, so let's assign 192.168.1.0 /25
(255.255.255.128) to the Sales department. This IP
subnet with Network number 192.168.1.0 has 126 valid
Host IP addresses which satisfy the requirement of the
Sales department. The subnet mask used for this subnet
has 10000000 as the last octet.

Step - 3
Step - 2 Sort the requirements of IPs in descending order
(Highest to Lowest). Allocate the next highest range, so let's assign
192.168.1.128 /26 (255.255.255.192) to the Purchase
 Sales 100 department. This IP subnet with Network number
 Purchase 50 192.168.1.128 has 62 valid Host IP Addresses which can
 Accounts 25 be easily assigned to all the PCs of the Purchase
department. The subnet mask used has 11000000 in the
 Management 5 last octet.
Cont….
Cont….

Allocate the next highest range, i.e. Accounts. The requirement of 25 IPs
can be fulfilled with 192.168.1.192 /27 (255.255.255.224) IP subnet, which
Step - 5
contains 30 valid host IPs. The network number of Accounts department will
be 192.168.1.192. The last octet of subnet mask is 11100000.

Allocate the next highest range to Management. The Management


department contains only 5 computers. The subnet 192.168.1.224 /29 with
the Mask 255.255.255.248 has exactly 6 valid host IP addresses. So this can
Step - 6 be assigned to Management. The last octet of the subnet mask will contain
11111000.

By using VLSM, the administrator can subnet the IP subnet in such a way
that least number of IP addresses are wasted. Even after assigning IPs to
every department, the administrator, in this example, is still left with plenty of
IP addresses which was not possible if he has used CIDR.
EXAMPLE :
A.

20 = 1 /32
28 = 256 /24
21 = 2 /31
29 = 512 /23
22 = 4 /30
210 = 1024 /22
23 = 8 /29
2 11 = 2048 /21 3
24 = 16 /28 Octet 4 Oc
tet

212 = 4096 /20


25 = 32 /27
213 = 8192 /19
26 = 64 /26
255.255.25 214 = 16384 /18
27 = 128 /25 5.128 255.255.25
215 = 32768 /17 5.128
VLSM
3 NETWORKS
Given : 192.168.10.0/24
3 NETWORKS
100 HOSTS
50 HOSTS
10 HOSTS

Subn
Host Subnet Mask Octet Increment Network Address et 1st usable address Last Usable address Broadcast Address
Mask
 100 HOST   /25  Octet 4  128  192.168.10.0  /25   192.168.10.1  192.168.10.126  192.168.10.127
 50 HOSTS  /26  Octet 4  64  192.168.10.128  /26  192.168.10.129  192.168.10.190  192.168.10.191
 10HOSTS  /28  Octet 4  16  192.168.10.192  /28  192.168.10.193  192.168.10.206  192.168.10.207
         192.168.10.208  /24      

20 = 1 /32 28 = 256 /24


21 = 2 /31 29 = 512 /23
22 = 4 /30 210 = 1024 /22
23 = 8 /29 211 = 2048 /21 Oc
te
t3
24 = 16 /28 Octet 4 212 = 4096 /20
25 = 32 /27 213 = 8192 /19
26 = 64 /26 214 =16384 /18
255.255. 255.255.
27 = 128 /25 255.128 215 =32768 /17 255.128

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