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    Osteosarcoma & Ewin's Sarcoma

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    AbdulMushib
    Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma arises in bone and causes pain, swelling, and pathological fractures. It most commonly affects the femur, tibia, and humerus in adolescents and young adults. Diagnosis involves radiology and biopsy. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation. Prognosis depends on cancer stage, with 5-year survival rates ranging from over 90% to under 30%. Ewing's sarcoma also affects bone and causes symptoms like pain and swelling. It peaks in children and young adults and commonly affects long bones. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Treatment involves chemotherapy, surgery, and sometimes radiation

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Osteosarcoma & Ewin's Sarcoma

    Uploaded by

    AbdulMushib
    263 views34 pages
    Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma arises in bone and causes pain, swelling, and pathological fractures. It most commonly affects the femur, tibia, and humerus in adolescents and young adults. Diagnosis involves radiology and biopsy. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation. Prognosis depends on cancer stage, with 5-year survival rates ranging from over 90% to under 30%. Ewing's sarcoma also affects bone and causes symptoms like pain and swelling. It peaks in children and young adults and commonly affects long bones. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Treatment involves chemotherapy, surgery, and sometimes radiation

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    PPT of Osteosarcoma & Ewing,s Sarcoma. Orthopedic Point of View.

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    OSTEOSARCOMA & EWIN'S SARCOMA

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    Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma arises in bone and causes pain, swelling, and pathological fractures. It most commonly affects the femur, tibia, and humerus in adolescents and young adults. Diagnosis involves radiology and biopsy. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation. Prognosis depends on cancer stage, with 5-year survival rates ranging from over 90% to under 30%. Ewing's sarcoma also affects bone and causes symptoms like pain and swelling. It peaks in children and young adults and commonly affects long bones. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Treatment involves chemotherapy, surgery, and sometimes radiation

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    263 views34 pages

    Osteosarcoma & Ewin's Sarcoma

    Uploaded by

    AbdulMushib
    Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma arises in bone and causes pain, swelling, and pathological fractures. It most commonly affects the femur, tibia, and humerus in adolescents and young adults. Diagnosis involves radiology and biopsy. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation. Prognosis depends on cancer stage, with 5-year survival rates ranging from over 90% to under 30%. Ewing's sarcoma also affects bone and causes symptoms like pain and swelling. It peaks in children and young adults and commonly affects long bones. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Treatment involves chemotherapy, surgery, and sometimes radiation

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    of 34

    OSTEOSARCOMA

    EWING’S TUMOR

    PRESENTER: ABDUL MUSHIB IBRAHIM

    COORDINATOR: DR MAREKO
    Osteosarcoma
    • DEFINITION:
    - is a malignant tumor of the bone.
    -there are 2 types:
    a)Primary Osteosarcoma
    b)Secondary Osteosarcoma

    CAUSE: Unknown.
    a) Primary Osteosarcoma
    • Arises in absence of underling bone disease or
    predisposing factors.
    • Most common in 2nd decade of life.
    • Usually situated in central metaphyseal region
    of long Tubular bones.
    * Proximal Humerus
    * Distal Femur
    * Proximal Tibia
    Osteosarcoma of Humerus
    Osteosarcoma of Humerus
    Osteosarcoma of Humerus
    Osteosarcoma of Femur
    Osteosarcoma of Femur
    b) Secondary Osteosarcoma
    • Occurs as a background of some predisposing
    factor.
    • Occurs in other locations (e.g Jaws).
    • Usually occurs later in Life.
    PREDISPOSING FACTORS
    Pagets Disease (common)
    Irradiation (Uncommon)
    Fibrous Dysplasia (rare)
    Diaphyseal Aclasis (Very rare)
    PATHOLOGY
    • Tumor arises in the metaphseal region of the
    bone Extends in all directions.
     Eventually eroding cortex, invading soft
    tissues. (Producing obvious extraosseous
    mass).
     Codman’s Triangle: When penetrating the
    cortex, tumor lifts the periosteum. Angle betn
    outer surface of cortex & elevated periosteum
    radiologially.
    Codman’s Triangle
    PATHOLOGY
    • Cut surface Grey-white areas of
    hemorrhages & necrosis.
    • If untreated fungates to produce an
    infected malignant ulcer.
    * Sometimes the ulcer overlies a
    Pathological fracture.
    PATHOLOGY
    • MICROSCOPIC FEATURE
    Formation of osteoid directly by tumor cells.

    • SPREAD
    Mainly to the Lungs.
    CLINICAL FEATURES
    • SYMPTOMS
    1.Local Pain-Persistant ache or throb.
    2.Swelling of Bone.
    3.Pathological Fracture.
    4.Infected malignant Fracture.
    5.General Malaise, cachexia & Weight loss.
    6.Cough & Hemoptysis.
    CLINICAL FEATURES
    • SIGNS
    LOCAL SIGNS…..SWELLING
    -Usually in lower end of femur, upper end of
    tibia & upper end of humerus.
    -Colour: affected skin may be reddened.
    -Tenderness: Slightly
    -Temp: Usually Raised
    -Shape: Asymmetrical.
    -Surface: Usually smooth but Infected M U
    -Composition: Firm & Not Bony Hard
    DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS
    • 1-Radiology
    • 2-Histology
    DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS
    1-Radiology
    a) Ostcolytic Lesions in bone with ill defined edges.
    b)Extension into soft tissues. Neoplastic bone tends
    to be deposited as irregular spicules radiating
    away from the shaft to give a “sunray”
    appearance.
    c) Codman’s Triangle.
    d)Pathological Fracture.
    e) Secondaries to Lung.
    DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS
    2-Histology
    a)To confirm the diagnosis.
    b)Obtained by: Needle Biopsy or Open Biopsy
    TRETMENT OPTIONS
    • OPERATIVE
    a) Amputation
    b)Wide Local resection with replacement of defect
    by prosthesis or allograft.
    • ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY
    Give Postop to control & prevent development of
    metastasis.
    • TREATMENT OF PULMONARY 2°
    a) Solitary: Lobectomy
    b)Multiple: Chemo.
    PROGNOSIS
    • Prognosis is separated into 3 groups.
    A.STAGE I
    • Is rare.
    • Includes perosteal region
    • Prognosis > 90% with wide resection.
    PROGNOSIS
    B.STAGE II
    • Depends on site of tumor.
    • Size of tumor.
    • Degree of necrosis from Chemo.
    • Distant Metastatsis to lungs. (Length of time &
    Number of Nodules spread over a time span).
    • 2-year survival after the metastases-50%, 5-
    year-40% and 10 year -20% (2 yrs no spread + <
    2 nodules)
    PROGNOSIS
    C. STAGE III
    • Metastasis to lungs
    • Depends on removing primary & lung
    nodules.
    • survival prognosis is about 30%
    ANY POINTS FOR DISCUSSION?????????????
    EWING’S SARCOMA
    DEFINITION
    • Is a malignant round cell tumor.
    • Initially starts in the bones & may also include
    the soft tissues.
    • Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma.
    • Exact cell of origin for Ewing's sarcoma. (Oc).

    CAUSE: UNKNOWN
    • RISK FACTORS: Unknown
    • GENETIC FACTORS: Unknown
    • PREVENTION: Unknown

    • male/female ratio of 1:6


    • Peak Age: 10-20 yrs
    • affects the long bones, such as:
    • Pelvic Bone
    • Ribs
    • Clavicle
    • Femur
    • Humerus
    • Tibia
    SYMPTOMS
    • Pain
    • Swelling
    • tumor may be present for many months
    before it becomes large enough to cause pain
    and swelling.
    • bone weakened by disease may break after a
    minor injury.
    DIAGNOSING
    • Hx
    • Imaging: X-ray, CT, MRI, Bone Scan.
    • X-Ray will show “ONION SKIN” type periosteal
    reaction
    • BIOPSY
    • Chromosomes #11 and #22 are affected.
    X-ray
    TREATMENT
    • NON OPERATIVE
    Chemotherapy: vincristine , dactinomycin,
    cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin
    • OPERATIVE
    Surgery
    • RADIATION Therapy
    PROGNOSIS
    • Five-year survival for localized disease is 70%
    to 80% when treated with chemotherapy.
    • Long term survival for metastatic disease can
    be less than 10%
    Any Points For DISCUSSION

    THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME

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