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CONCEPTS OF MOVEMENt

The document discusses concepts of movement including body shape and spatial awareness. It describes four major movement concepts: body, space, effort, and relationships. It then discusses movements of the body and its parts, including different planes of movement like sagittal, frontal, and transverse. It also outlines types of body movements such as flexion, extension, and rotation. Finally, it describes the three somatotypes - endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph - which refer to different body compositions people are predetermined to have.

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Cliff Lento
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204 views40 pages

CONCEPTS OF MOVEMENt

The document discusses concepts of movement including body shape and spatial awareness. It describes four major movement concepts: body, space, effort, and relationships. It then discusses movements of the body and its parts, including different planes of movement like sagittal, frontal, and transverse. It also outlines types of body movements such as flexion, extension, and rotation. Finally, it describes the three somatotypes - endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph - which refer to different body compositions people are predetermined to have.

Uploaded by

Cliff Lento
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCEPTS OF MOVEMENT

2.1MOVEMENT OF THE BODY AND ITS PARTS

2.2 BODY SHAPE AND SPATIAL AWARENESS

2.3 QUALITIES OF MOVEMENT


MOVEMENT CONCEPTS

 Stanley(1977) , Logsdon and colleagues (1984) identified the four


major movement concepts as
 body (representing the instrument of the action)
 space (where the body is moving)
 effort (the quality with which the movement is executed), and
 relationships (the connections that occur as the body moves—with
objects, people, and the environment).
MOVEMENTS OF THE BODY
AND ITS PARTS
BODY PARTS

 Human body, the physical


substance of the human
organism, composed of
living cells and
extracellular materials and
organized into tissues, 
organs, and systems.
MOVEMENTS OF THE BODY

Anatomical Positions of the body


 Space is an important concept in
movement education. Teaching
students about space in terms of
movement education involves
teaching directions such as up
and down and left and right.
However, space is usually taught
to be based in three different
planes.
SAGITTAL PLANE

Itis the imaginary plane that divides the body into


the left and right sides.

Movements along this plane are forward and


backward, like bowing to your partner or shooting
a basketball.
SQUAT BICEP
CURL
Examples of other sagittal plane exercises:
• front lunges
• walking/running
• vertical jumping
• calf raises, and
• climbing stairs.
FRONTAL PLANE

The Frontal Plane divides the body into front


and back planes, like the front and back of
sandwich.

Movements along the frontal planes are


sideways, similar to opening and closing a door.
LATERAL ARM AND LEG RAISES
Examples of other frontal plane
exercises:
• Side bend
• Side shuffle
• Side lunge
TRANSVERSE PLANE

Itinvolves twisting movements. For these movement


to happen, the body needs to apply effort to make the
movement occur in different ways.

The third plane of motion divides the body into top


and bottom halves.
SHOULDER MOVEMENT LIMB ROTATION
SIDE PLANK WITH
ROTATION
TWISTING LUNGES
TYPES OF BODY MOVEMENT
FLEXION AND
EXTENSION
 Flexion- refers to a movement that decreases

the angle between two body parts.

 Extension- refers to a movement that

increases the angle between two body parts.


ABDUCTION AND ADDUCTION
 Abduction- is a movement away from

the midline- just as abducting someone is

to take them away.

 Adduction- is a movement towards the

midline.
MEDIAL AND LATERAL
 Medial rotation- is a rotational

movement towards the midline. It is

sometimes referred to as internal rotation.

 Lateral rotation- is a rotating movement

away from the midline.


ELEVATION AND DEPRESSION
 Elevation- refers to movement in a

superior direction (e.g. shoulder shrug)

 Depression- refers to movement in an

inferior direction.
SUPINATION AND PRONATION
 Supination- this is easily confused with

medial and lateral rotation, but the

differences is subtle. With your hand resting

on a table in front of you, and keeping your

shoulder and elbow still, turn your hand onto

its back, palm up. This is the supine position


SUPINATION AND PRONATION

 Pronation- Keeping your elbow

and shoulder still, flip your hand

onto its front, palm down. This is

the prone position


DORSIFLEXION & PLANTAR
EXTENSION
 Dorsiflexion- refers to flexion at the ankle, so

that the floor prints more superiorly.

 Plantar extension- refers extension at the

ankle, so that the foot points inferiorly.


INVERSION AND EVERSION
 Inversion- involves the movement of

the sole towards the median plane.

 Eversion-involves the movement of

the sole away from the median plane.


OPPOSITION AND
REPOSITION
 Opposition- brings the thumb and little finger

together.

 Reposition- is a movement that moves the thumb

away from each other.


PROTRACTION &
RETRACTION
 Protraction- describes the anterolateral movement of

the scapula on the thoracic wall that allows the

shoulder to move anteriorly.

  

 Retraction- refers to posteromedial movement of the

scapula on the thoracic wall, which causes the

shoulder region to move posteriorly.


BASIC BODY MOVEMENT
SQUAT

 The bodyweight squat is a simple movement

pattern that can be progressed or regressed

through altering the level of support, range of

motion, or resistance. The squat is comparable

to sitting down and standing up.


LUNGE

 The lunge is a vital movement pattern that has

good transfer into walking, stair climbing, and

picking up things from the floor. Again, it can be

progressed or regressed through the level of

support, range of motion or resistance.


HINGE

 A classic deadlift movement is not only an excellent

exercise to strengthen the posterior chain but is one

of the most functional of daily movements – picking

up an object from the floor. The deadlift can also

easily be performed in any environment e.g. with a

hold all, shopping bag, or suitcase.


PUSH

 An exercise like the push-up is the

simplest upper body push movement

but can offer difficulties for those

with reduced mobility.


PULL

 A standing resistance band pull offers a

great antagonist to the resistance band

push. As with the push version, the

resistance band pull can also be performed

from a seated position if necessary.


ROTATE

 A standing resistance band rotation is

effective in developing both rotational

strength and balance. Like the resistance

band push and pull, it can be performed

from a seated position if necessary.


WALK

 The ability to walk is such a

fundamental part of daily life that it

should be a priority in any training

program, and specifically one aimed

at beginners.
Basic Movement Skill Biomechanical Principles
1. Running Centre of gravity and laws of motion as they apply
2. Jumping to locomotion
3. Hopping
4. Galloping
5. Skipping

1. Rolling Law of force and motion as it applies to sending


2. Underhand throwing skills
3. Overhand throwing
4. Striking
5. Kicking

1. Catching Absorption of force for receiving skills

1. Bouncing Laws of force in accompanying skills

1. Static Laws of motion and balance for body management


2. Dynamic skills
BODY SHAPE AND SPATIAL
AWARENESS
THE THREE SOMATOTYPES

Body type or somatotype, refers to the idea that there


are three generalized body compositions that people are
predetermined to have. The concept was theorized by
Dr. W. H. Sheldon back in the early 1940s, naming the
three somatotypes endomorph, mesomorph, and
ectomorph.
ENDOMORPH
 They usually have broad shoulders, narrow hips and shorter limbs. While

they have larger muscle mass, they also have a higher fat percentage

because they are predisposed to storing fat rather than building muscles.

 They store excess weight in their thighs, buttocks and hips giving them a

pear-shaped appearance. The best way for an endomorph to lose weight is

through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise.


MESOMORPH
• This body type is generally considered the ideal
body type. Individuals usually look lighter and
have a more rectangular bone structure, longer
limbs, thinner bones and a flatter ribcage. A
mesomorph has a natural tendency to stay fit and
achieve muscle mass very easily.
• They have more muscle than fat on their bodies
and are not overweight or underweight.
ECTOMORPH
 This body type is thin, usually tall, and lanky. Individuals
with a sturdy, rounder bone structure have wider hips,
stocky limbs and barrel-shaped rib cages.
• They struggle to gain weight no matter how many carbs or
how much fat they eat.
• They usually have a lean build with long limbs and small
muscles.
• To gain weight naturally, they must load up on carbs and
foods full of calories.
• Fashion models and basketball players fit this category.

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