MEMBRANE
STRUCTURE
• Membrane structures are spatial
structures made out of tension
membranes
• A structure that characterized by
a tensioning of the membrane
system (typically with wire or
cable) to provide the critical
structural support to the
structure.
COMPONENTS
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
FABRIC
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
MATERIALS
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
STRUCTURAL COATED FABRIC
MESH CLOTH
MATERIALS &
CONSIDERATIONS
OF MATERIALS
POLYESTERS
VINYLCOATED POLYESTER
VYNIL LAMINATED
POLYESTERS
PVC FIBERGLASS
PTFE-COATED FIBERGLASS
WOVEN PTFE
ETFE FOIL
MATERIALS
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
CONSIDERATIONS
OF MATERIALS
TENSILE
STRENGTH AVAILABLE TOP
TEAR COATINGS
STRENGTH RESISTANCE TO
ADHESION COLD /HEAT
STRENGTH CRACKING
FLAME TRANSLUCENC
RESISTANCE Y
FINISED WEIGHT DEAD LOAD
BSIC FABRIC STRUCTURAL
WEIGHT PROPRTIES
LIFE
EXPECTANCY
TYPES
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
TYPES
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
MAST SUPPORTED
POINT SUPPORTED
ARCH SUPPORTED
FRAME SUPPORTED
SIMPLE SADDLE
TYPES
OF MEMBRANESTRUCTURE
MAST SUPPORTED
TYPES
OF MEMBRANESTRUCTURE
POINT SUPPORTED
TYPES
OF MEMBRANESTRUCTURE
ARCH SUPPORTED
TYPES
OF MEMBRANESTRUCTURE
FRAME SUPPORTED
TYPES
OF MEMBRANESTRUCTURE
SIMPLE SADDLE
FORM
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
FORM
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
HYPAR
CONIC
BARREL VAULT
INFLATABLE
FORM
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
FORM
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
ADVATAGES/
DISADVANTAGES
OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
ADVANTAGES
•LONGER LIFE CYCLES MATERIALS
•LESS CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS
AFTER DEMOLITION
•DESIGN CUSTOMIZATION
•LIGHTWEIGHT AND FLEXIBLE
•HIGH STRENGTH WEIGHT RATIO.
DISADVANTAGES
•POOR RIGIDITY
•ANY LOSS OF TENSION IS
DANGEROUS FOR STABILITY
•THERMAL RESISTANCE IS POOR
•POOR INSULATION
Membrane structures are spatial
structures made out of
tensioned
structural
The use of
membranes.
membranes can be divided
into PNEUMATIC STRUCTURE, TENCIL
STRUCTURE, and CABLE DOMES. In
these three kinds ofstructure,
membranes work together with
cables, columns and other
construction members find a
to
form.
Pneumatic
Structure
Membrane structure t h a t is stabilized by the
pressure of compressed air.
Air-supported structures are supported by
internal air pressure. A network of cables stiffens the
fabric, and the assembly is supported by a rigid ring a t
the edge. The air pressure within this bubble is
increased slightly above normal atmospheric pressure
and maintained by compressors or fans. Air locks are
required a t entrances t o prevent loss of internal air
pressure.
First devised by Walter bird in the late 1940s
PRINCIPL
E
oUse of relatively thin
membrane supported by
pressure difference.
oDead weight increases by
increasing the internalpressure and
the membraneis stressed
so t h a t no asymmetrical
loading occurs.
oMembrane can suppo r t both
tension and compression and thus
withstand bending movement
GENERAL
CHARACTERISTIC
OF PNEUMATIC
STRUCTURE
LIGHT WEIGHT
Weight compared to area is less.
Low air pressure is required to balance it.
SPAN
There is no theoretical maximum span.
To span a distance of 36 km for a normal
building is hard while such spans are quite
possible for pneumatics.
ECONOMY
Not expensive in case of temporary
structures.
SAFETY
More safer but proper care should
be taken.
They are fire resistance structures.
CONSTRUCTION AND
DISMANTLING
Suitable for temporary constructions.
1 sq. Km area can be brought down in 6
hours and can be establish in less than 10
hours.
NATURAL LIGHTING
Around 50% - 80% of sunlight can
be obtained.
MATERIAL
S
FIBERGLASS POLYESTE ETF
R E
NYLON STEEL CABLES BALLASTS
ADVANTAGES
•Light weight
•Covers large spans without
in ternal supports
•Rapid assembly and have low initia l
and operating cost.
•Portability
DISADVANTAGES
•Need f or continuous maintenance
of excess pressure in the
envelope.
•Relatively short service life.
•Contin uous operation of f ans t o
maintain pressure.
Cannot reach the insulation values
of hard-walled structures.
Minnesota Metrodome
Syracuse Carrier
Dome
Tensile Structure
A t ensile st ruct ure is a construction
of elements carrying only tension and no
compression or bending. The term tensile
should not be confused with tensegrity ,
which is a structural form with both tension
and compression elements. Tensile structures
are the most common type of thin-
shell structures.
A tensile membrane structure is most
often used as a roof, as they can economically
and attractively span large
distances.
MATERIALS
OF TENCIL
STRUCTURE
EXTERIO
•PVC (Poly
polyester cloth
R
Vinyl Chloride) coated
•PTFE ( Tetra Fluro E thlene )
(Teflon)
Poly coated glass cloth.
INTERIO
•R
Cot tons
•Silicon coated glass cloth
•Pure glass meshes
The
Created a an
exhibi t io spac
s to
n
mark e 20 0 0
t he
millennium, the dome
has a floor plan diameter
Millennium
of 365m, one
meter for each day of Dome
the year and the
structure is supported
by 12 masts,
representing the
months of the year.
Time is an important
reference in this
structure as i t is built
at Greenwich.
Completed in 1994 and
the World’s third largest
is
airport. The Teflon coated
fiberglass roof of the
airport is designed t o
resemble the peeks of the
Roch=ky Mountains in
winter, capped with snow.
The tensile structure has
stood the test of time
and the
structure hasn’t
completely
failed ex treme
the under
conditions
weather th at it
experiences.
Denver International
Airport
CABLE
The cable dome was
first proposed by Geiger and
first employed in the roofs
for the Olympic Gymnastics
Hall and the Fencing Hall
in Seoul (Geiger, 1986). Due t o
their innovative forms and
lightweight, cable domes have
become popular as roofs for structures
including arenas, stadiums and sport
centers over the past two decades.
MATERIAL
S
OF CABLE
A DOMES
t y pical cable dome consists
of ridge cables, diagonal cables,hoop cables,
vertical struts, an inner tension ring
and an outer compression ring.
Toensure the structuralfeasibility,
continuous cables are often subjected t o
tensionandindividual s t r u ts subjected t o
compression. The rigidit y of t he dome is a
result of self-stress equilibrium between
cables and struts.
Example
Structures
La Plata Stadium
in Argentina Tao- Yuan
County Arena
in Taiwan
• https://www.scribd.com/presentation/4215667
33/Membrane-Structure
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=498yhcEM
7kE&t=492s
• Lecture 29 of lecture series on Structure, Form,
and Architecture: The Synergy by Prof. Shubhajit
Sadhukhan, Department of Architecture and
Planning, IIT Roorkee.
SOURCES
FOR MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
THANK YOU
