Module 3A

PE 103

INDIVIDUAL
AND DUAL
SPORTS

PE nt
prepared by:
ADHARAM.BANIAS
For the facilitator:

This Module is a stand-alone resource material in PE which is intended for the learners of the Fast Aviation Academy
Inc. Learners who do not have online accessibility or who do not want to risk face-to-face learning may utilize this module. This
includes a learner-friendly pretest, self-check exercises, and other modes of instructions for learners and teachers who are
geographically remote from each other. This covers topics in second year in the 1 st Semester with corresponding activities for
learners to achieve the most essential learning competencies and lesson objectives.

Each exercise in this module is designed for independent learning and practice. However, ensure that the learners'
parents, elder siblings, guardians or relatives at home will guide and support them as they accomplish the given tasks.
Furthermore, explain to students that taking the tests diligently will allow them to learn their lessons for their academic progress.
Most importantly, remind them to answer the given activities on a separate answer sheet and handle this module with utmost
care.

For the learner:

This Module is a learner-friendly resource material in PE which is specifically designed for your learning needs and
progress. Your patience and dedication in reading and answering the exercises will help you successfully achieve the
objectives. You are free to ask assistance from your teachers, parents, siblings, friends, and family members whom you think
can help you best. Read each lesson carefully and follow the instructions for your activities.

Remember to answer the given exercises in a separate sheet of paper. When you are done, kindly submit it to your teacher
who will check and evaluate your level of competency.

Good luck and God bless.

Objectives:
As the course progress the students should be able to:
* Name the male/female famous names in athletics.
* enumerate the multi-events.
* discuss each of the multi-events.
* idenfyand discuss the basic rules and regulations.
Male/female famous names in
athletics

The American athlete Jim Thorpe was

the first Olympic decathlon

champion. Akilles Jarvinen of

Finland, James Bausch of the United

States, and Hans Sievert of Germany

were leading competitors under the first

table, with Sievert setting the final

record of 8,790.46 points in

1934.
Glenn Morris of the United States, with
a world record of 7,900 points in 1936,
and Bob Mathias of the
United States, with two Olympic titles
and a record of 8,042 points in 1950,
excelled under the second table.
Mathias also set the first record of
7,887 under the third table in 1952, but
this was later broken several times, by
Rafer Johnson of the United States,
Vasily Kuznetsov of the Soviet Union,
and Yang Chuan-kwang of Taiwan,
who set the final record of 9,121 points
in 1963.
 Rafer Johnson
Rafer Johnson participating in the shot put event of the
decathlon at the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome. AP
Parry O’Brien, in full William Parry
O’Brien, (born January 28,1932, Santa
Monica, California, U.S.— ied
April 21, 2007, Santa Clarita,
California), American shot-putter who
developed a style that
revolutionized the event. He held the
world record from 1953 to 1959,
increasing the distance from 18 metres
(59 feet 3/4 inches) to 19.30 metres (63
feet 4 inches) in that period.
 Parry O'Brien training for the 1952 Olympic Games in
Helsinki, Fin., where he won a gold medal in the shot put
UPI/Corbis-Bettmann
Pernell Whitaker, (born January 2,
1964, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.—died
July 14, 2019, Virginia Beach,
Virginia), American professional boxer, world
lightweight (135 pounds), junior welterweight
(140 pounds), welterweight (147 pounds), and
junior middleweight (154
pounds) champion in the 1980s and ’90s.
Pernell Whitaker
QUICK FACTS

BORN
January 2, 1964
Norfolk, Virginia

July 14, 2019 (aged 55)

Virginia Beach

AWARDS AND HONORS

Golden Gloves (1982)
Olympfc Games
Pan American Sports Games
Whitaker was a left-handed boxer who
excelled at the defensive aspect of the
sport. He had a stellar amateur boxing
career as a lightweight: he won the U.S.
Golden Gloves and a silver medal in the
World Boxing
Championships in 1982, the gold medal
at the Pan American Sports
Games in 1983, and the gold medal at
the Olympic Games in 1984.
The U.S. women’s team won 11 of the
14 swimming events. Mary T.
Meagher and Tracy Caulkins each
earned three gold medals. American
Greg Louganis swept the diving events.
With the powerful eastern
European teams absent, the U.S.
men’s and women’s gymnastic teams
had their best Olympic showing
ever; Mary Lou Retton became the
first American woman to capture the
individual gold medal in the
combined exercises. In boxing,
without the challenge of the Cubans,
the U.S. team dominated the
competition, earning nine gold medals.
Mary Lou Retton, (born January 24,
1968, Fairmont, West Virginia, U.SJ, gymnast
who was the first American woman to win an
individual Olympic gold medal in gymnastics.
At the
1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles,
Retton achieved perfect scores in her final two
events (the floor exercise and vault) to win a
dramatic victory in the all-around exercises.

View Media Page

BORN
January ^4, T968 (age 52)

Fairmont West Virginia

AWARDS AND HONORS

International Gymnastics Hall Of Fame (1997)
Olympic Games
 Retton. Mary Lou
Mary Lou Retton performing her balance beam routine at
the 1984 Olympic Games in Los
Argeles[ Kennerfy/Garruna Liaison

Greg Louganis, in full Gregory

Efthimios Louganis, (born January
29,1960, San Diego, California, U.S.),
American diver generally considered
the greatest diver in history.
 BORN
January 29,1960 (age 60)

San Dfego, California

AWARDS AND HONORS

International Swimming Hall Of

Fame (1993)
Olympic Games

Born to unmarried high-school students,

Louganis was adopted as an infant. As a child, he
trained in dancing, tumbling, and acrobatics,
skills that would later earn him a reputation as a
graceful, effortless diver.

1 — Paavo Nurmi, Men’s 800m to Marathon

The most dominant athlete of all time is

Paavo Nurmi. Aside from setting a ridiculous 22
world records ranging from 1500m all the way to
Marathon, Nurmi till this day remains the only
person to ever remain undefeated in the 10,000m
throughout his entire running career. ‘The Flying
Fin’ as many people called him, was absolutely
unchallenged for almost two decades.
2 - Edwin Moses, Men’s 400m Hurdles

Very few athletes have held any winning streak

as long as Edwin Moses. Between 1977 and
1987, Moses won 122 consecutive races. For
exactly 9 years, 9 months and 9 days, Moses
went undefeated over all 400 meters hurdles
races.

During this time, Moses also went on to break

his own world record on four separate occasions
with his best time standing at 47.02 seconds.

And while his total Olympics and World

Championships medals are not as plentiful as
others on this list, the genuine level of
dominance displayed by Moses is
unrivaled in any event in track & field.
3 - Carl Lewis, Men’s lOOinf 2OOm and Long Jump

Considered as the World Athlete of the century by the IAAr

(now World Athletics}, Carl Lewis is unquestionably one of the
mast decorated and. talented athletes to ever walk the earth.
From 1979 to 1996, Lewis won 18 World Championships and
Olympic gold medals.

He is also one of only three athletes in

Olympics history to ever succssfully defend their Olympic title
in Four
consecutive editions.

For over 1O years, Lewis went completely undefeated in the

Long Jump,only to be finally defeated, by Mike Powell who
broke the world record at the 1991 Wo rid
Ch a mpionsliips.
4 - Sergey Bubka, Men’s Pole Vault

The level of success achieved by Sergey

Bubka is what many considered to be
completely unparalled. Over the course of his
career, Bubka broke the world record in the
pole vault 35 times.

Additionally, Bubka managed to win a total of

11 World Championships and
Olympic medals. He is the first athlete to ever
clear six meters.

Bubka completely re-wrote the record

books.Since his very first world
record,Bubka only lost his own world record
on one occasion. On August 31,
1984,Thierry Vigneron of France managed to
eclipse Bubka’s world record marks
with a vault of 5.91 meters.
5 - Usain Bolt, Men’s 100m and 200m

The debate on the greatest men’s sprinter of all

time is easy. It’s Usain Bolt, period! With a
total of 19 World Championships and Olympic
gold medals, Bolt stands far above your
average successful sprinter. It’s difficult to fully
encapsulate the true dominance of this
Jamaican superstar, but to put it simply, he is a
9-time World Record holder.

Bolt is the only athlete to ever win three

consecutive 100m and 200m titles at the
Olympic Games and he is also the most
successful athlete to ever compete at the
World Championships with a total medal count
of 14. Anyone that ever saw Usain Bolt knows
that not only did he go on to win these
Championships races, but he won by staggering
margins.
6 - Haile Gebrselassie, Men’s 5,000m and
10,000m

In the debate of the greatest distance runner of all

time, Gebrselassie simply has to be in this
conversation. If breaking 61 Ethiopian national
records wasn’t enough, Gebrselassie also went on
to break 27 World Records.

From 1993 till 2000, Gebrselassie was almost

unbeatable over the 10,000m. But while he was
certainly a talent over the 10,000m distance,
his versatility on the track was completely
revolutionary.
7 - Michael Johnson, Men’s 200m and
400m

Aside from his huge international fame,

Michael Johnson is regarded as one of the best
sprinters in history. During his career, Johnson
managed to win 12 World
Championships and Olympic medals,all of

He is also the only male athlete in history to

successfully win both the 200m and the 400m
at the same Olympics - a feat which he
famously accomplished in 1996.
8 - Jackie Joyner-Kersee, Women’s
Heptathlon and Long Jump

Since 1988, Joyner-Kersee has been the

unwavering world record holder for the
women’s heptathlon. With above a 200 point
gap over her closest competitor and by holding
all of the top six greatest performances in
history, she would ever be remembered for her
dominance.

Additionally, Joyner-Kersee had a winning

streak that lasted over 10 years and she also
has 10 World Championships and
Olympic medals ranging from 1987 to
1996. She also has two of the top three
greatest long jumps ever recorded.
9 - Javier Sotomayor, Men’s High Jump

As far as High Jumpers go, Sotomayor remains

the standard by which all high jumpers are
measured. From 1988 till
2000,
Sotomayor was the world’s premier high-jumper.
Over the course of his career, he went on to win
seven World
Championships and Olympic gold medals and
also broke the World Record on three separate
occasions.

Till this day, Sotomayor’s World Record of

2.45m still stands. He also remains the only
athlete to ever jump over eight feet

10 -Tirunesh DIBABA, Women’s 5,000m & 10,000m

From 2005 up to 2016, Tirunesh Dibaba was the

face of the women’s 107000m. For
11 straight years, Dlbaba remained undefeated over
the 10t000m distance*

Between these years, Dihaba won two Olympic

10,000m gold medals as well as three World
Championships 10,000m gold 」 She was also a
top tier 5,000m runner.

At the young age of 18, Dibaba won her first

Championships in 5,000m making her the youngest
athlete to ever win the World Championships in the
5.000m. And on June 6, 2008, Dibaba set the world
record of 14:11*15 seconds - a world record that
still stands today.
Babe Didrickson Zaharias. Zaharias was the

female athlete of the olden days. In 1932, women

were only allowed to enter three

events in the Olympics. She did so, and

managed to break four world records In the process,

implying she was capable of bending time and

space, as well.

Alice Coachman. The first African-American woman

to win an Olympic medal. She did this in the 1948

London games with an impressive showing in the

high jump. Not only that, she did It with an injured

back.

Jessica Ennis-Hill. Ennis-Hill won the

gold in the 2012 London games in the

heptathlon. Her prodigious skills and

tireless work ethic are frightening.

Bruce Jenner celebrating his decathlon victory at the
1976 Olympic Gaines in Montreal.
Tony Duffy/Allsport
 MULTI-EVENTS

The decathlon is a summer sporting event that

consists of ten track and field events over two

days. The events in the decathlon are held in this

order: 100 meters, long jump, shot put, high

jump, 400 meters, 110 meters hurdle, discus

throw, pole vault, javelin throw, 1500 meters. The

Olympic decathlon is a male event, the winner is

often considered the unofficial greatest all-around

athlete in the world. The modern Olympic

decathlon was first run at the 1912 games.

 The heptathlon is a summer sporting event that
consists of seven track and field events over two
days. The events in the heptathlon are held in this
order: 100 meters hurdles, high jump, shot put, 200
meters, long jump, javelin throw and 800 meters.
The Olympic heptathlon is a female event. The
modern Olympic heptathlon was first contested in
the 1984 games.

The pentathlon is a summer sporting event that consists of

five events in the course of one day The pentathlon as it is
performed today is known as the modern pentathlon, the
events are held in this order: epee fencing, 200 meter
freestyle swim, horse show jumping, 3200 meter race
combined with four stops for laser pistol shooting. The
Olympic modern pentathlon was introduced as a male
event at the 1912 games, a female event was introduced at
the 2000 games. All multi-event Olympic sports are
derived from the Ancient Olympic pentathlon, which
consisted of the discus throw, the javelin throw, the long
jump, wrestling, and the stadion or short foot race.
A biathlon is a winter sporting event that consists of
cross-country skiing combined with rifle-shooting. The
distances and number of shooting stops have varied over
the years, currently men's biathlon events include the 10
km, the 20 km, the 12.5 km pursuit, the 15 km mass start
and the 4 x 7.5 km relay. Women's biathlon events
include the 7.5 km, the 15 km, the 10 km pursuit, the
12.5 km mass start and the 4x6 km relay. The male
biathlon was first contested in the 1960 Olympics games,
the female biathlon was first contested in the 1992
Olympic games.

A triathlon is a summer sporting event that consists of

three events that occur sequentially, one after another,
with no break* The events are held in this order: 1.5 km
freestyle swim, 40 km cycle road race, 10 km foot run.
The Olympic triathlon holds separate events for men and
women, the triathlon was first run at the 2000 games.