Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 80 views

    Radiation Processing For Dry Sewage Sludge Hygienisation - Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation

    Uploaded by

    VaghasiyaBipin
    The document discusses a sewage sludge hygienization plant in Ahmedabad, India that uses radiation processing to convert sewage sludge into a hygienized biofertilizer product called "Biogold". Key points: 1) The plant uses gamma irradiation from cobalt-60 to inactivate pathogens in dry sewage sludge while degrading toxins and chemicals. 2) The hygienized sludge is then inoculated with beneficial bacteria to produce the biofertilizer product. 3) Field trials showed Biogold can reduce chemical fertilizer usage by 20% while maintaining crop yields. The process aims to convert waste to a commercial product that improves soil health.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Radiation Processing For Dry Sewage Sludge Hygienisation - Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation

    Uploaded by

    VaghasiyaBipin
    80 views24 pages
    The document discusses a sewage sludge hygienization plant in Ahmedabad, India that uses radiation processing to convert sewage sludge into a hygienized biofertilizer product called "Biogold". Key points: 1) The plant uses gamma irradiation from cobalt-60 to inactivate pathogens in dry sewage sludge while degrading toxins and chemicals. 2) The hygienized sludge is then inoculated with beneficial bacteria to produce the biofertilizer product. 3) Field trials showed Biogold can reduce chemical fertilizer usage by 20% while maintaining crop yields. The process aims to convert waste to a commercial product that improves soil health.

    Original Title

    SHP-17.11.21

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses a sewage sludge hygienization plant in Ahmedabad, India that uses radiation processing to convert sewage sludge into a hygienized biofertilizer product called "Biogold". Key points: 1) The plant uses gamma irradiation from cobalt-60 to inactivate pathogens in dry sewage sludge while degrading toxins and chemicals. 2) The hygienized sludge is then inoculated with beneficial bacteria to produce the biofertilizer product. 3) Field trials showed Biogold can reduce chemical fertilizer usage by 20% while maintaining crop yields. The process aims to convert waste to a commercial product that improves soil health.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    80 views24 pages

    Radiation Processing For Dry Sewage Sludge Hygienisation - Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation

    Uploaded by

    VaghasiyaBipin
    The document discusses a sewage sludge hygienization plant in Ahmedabad, India that uses radiation processing to convert sewage sludge into a hygienized biofertilizer product called "Biogold". Key points: 1) The plant uses gamma irradiation from cobalt-60 to inactivate pathogens in dry sewage sludge while degrading toxins and chemicals. 2) The hygienized sludge is then inoculated with beneficial bacteria to produce the biofertilizer product. 3) Field trials showed Biogold can reduce chemical fertilizer usage by 20% while maintaining crop yields. The process aims to convert waste to a commercial product that improves soil health.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Radiation Processing for Dry Sewage Sludge Hygienisation

    – Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation

    Date: 16th April, 2021


    Indian Scenario

    • Presently about 40 Billion litres of sewage is


    produced in cities and towns of India which is
    expected to grow to 133,000 MLD by 2050.
    The solid infectious sludge generated from the waste
    water at STP’S is 7 million tons per year today and
    will be more than 24 million tons in 2050.

    • What to do with it………..?


    What is being done today?

    • Disposed in unregulated manner(Health Hazard).


    • Forms heaps
    • Sold to farmers in unregulated , unhygienic manner
    at throw away price for agriculture applications

    Can we make a value added product from


    Sludge……?
    • Properly treated and processed, sewage sludge
    becomes biosolids which are nutrient-rich organic
    materials produced from wastewater treatment
    facilities (Kumar and Chopra, 2013; Kumar et al.,
    2016).
    • Moreover, biosolids can be recycled and applied as
    fertilizer to improve and maintain productive soils
    and stimulate plant growth.
    COMPOSITION OF DRY SEWAGE SLUDGE
    • Rich Source of organic carbon(20-40%) higher than
    Farm Yard Manure and city compost organic fertilizers
    (12 %, FCO,1985)
    • Rich source of Macro nutrients (N,P,K) and Micro
    nutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu)
    • Presence of Pathogens. e.g. Bacteria, Viruses,
    Parasites responsible for diseases such as typhoid,
    Cholera, Hepatitis and other water borne diseases.
    • Heavy toxic Metals : Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium,
    Lead etc.
    Radiation technology
    • Ionizing radiation emitted by radiation source such as
    Cobalt-60 interacts with the critical molecules like
    DNA, proteins and water present in the cell and
    result in the inactivation of microorganisms.
    • As a result of Irradiation, besides pathogens, other
    unwanted constituents like weeds, chemicals, etc.
    are also degraded, making the sludge safer for use
    • Based on microbiological inactivation, Radiation
    Technology is already established world over for
    sterilizing medical products, food safety and food
    preservation.
    • Sludge hygienisation can be carried out in the similar
    manner.
    Contd..

    • The reduction in microbial population in radiation


    treated sludge results in lower microbial competition
    for sludge nutrients.
    • This enables more growth of inoculated useful
    microorganisms in the sludge converting it into bio-
    fertilizer. Use of such sludge improves availability of
    N,P,K in soil to plants
    Sludge Hygeinisation Plant - Ahmedabad
    Salient features
    • First plant in India to convert city sludge to Bio-fertilizer
    • Integrates two technologies – irradiation and Bio-NPK to
    produce a novel product
    • Bhabha Atomic Research Centre entered into an MoU on
    in 2015 with Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC)
    to provide all technical and scientific support for setting
    up a Cobalt -60 Gamma Irradiation Plant at Ahmedabad.
    • solved the problem of disposing city sewage and has
    brought a constructive end use for the city waste
    • Converting waste into a commercial product
    • Completely automatic plant hence no manual
    intervention
    • Farmer friendly product
    Process
    • The dry sludge containing about 75% solid is brought to
    irradiation facility in dumpers and poured into the crushers.
    • The crushed sludge is carried by conveyor belt to
    aluminium tote boxes and filled.
    • The tote boxes are irradiated at 8 - 10 kGy.
    • The hygienised powder sludge is inoculated with useful
    bacteria through automated spray unit containing the liquid
    bio-fertilizer.
    • The inoculated sludge is filled in 50 kg bags at bagging
    station and sealed.
    • Quality assurance is done by batch wise measuring
    microbiological population and heavy metal concentration
    in the sludge before and after irradiation.
    PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE
    • Land / Location : - Approx. 2 Acres
    • Approval of Atomic Energy
    Regulatory Board (AERB) is must.
    • Close proximity of sewage
    treatment plants.
    • Well connected with road / rail.
    • Civil Work: - Overall plant area 500 Sq. Mtrs.
    Cell Area 350 Sq. Mtrs.
    Storage Area 1500 Sq. Mtrs
    • Power : - 94 KVA
    PLANT & MACHINERY

    • 1.0 Sludge Handling System


    • Sludge Collection Hopper 2
    • Sludge Crusher 1
    • Conveyor Transport System 1
    • Tote Box Filling System 1
    • Tote Box Offloading System 1
    • Nutrient Dosing System
    • Automatic Packing / Bagging 1
    CONTD.
    • 2.0 Gamma Irradiation Unit
    • Conveyor System / Shuffling System 1
    • Source Holding / Raising 1
    • Embedments 1
    • Cask Handling System for 10 Mt. 1
    • DM / RO Plant 1
    • Ventilation System 1
    • PLC Based Control System
    (with Scada & HMI Backup) 1
    • Tote Boxes / Careers 80 / 40
    • Electrifications / Lab Equipments / Fire Fighting /
    CCTV etc.
    BIOGOLD
    Advantages of Radiation Hygienized Sewage
    Sludge
    • Most of the live forms in the sewage are inactivated.
    Pathogens are inactivated with high degree of reliability.
    • Foul smell in the sludge is significantly reduced.
    • Toxic chemicals are partially degraded .
    • Overall quality of sludge is significantly improved for land
    application.
    • Can be converted into bio-fertilizer by adding PGPB to
    hygienized sludge.
    IMPORTANT SPECIFICATIONS OF ORGANIC
    FERTILIZERS:- A COMPERATIVE ANALYSIS

    City Compost
    No. Specifications FCO – 1985
    Treated Sludge FYM

    Organic Carbon % by 20-40


    1 12 20-30
    weight (minimum) (200-400 kg/ton)

    Nitrogen (N)% by 1.8


    2 0.8 1.4
    weight (minimum) (18 kg/ton)

    Phosphorous (P2O5) % 0.2


    3 0.4 0.4
    by weight (Minimum) (2 kg/ton)

    Potash (K2o) % by 0.3


    4 0.4 0.2
    Weight (Minimum) (3 kg/ton0

    5 Pathogens ABSENT ABSENT PRESENT


    CEILING LIMITS(mg/kg) AND DRY SLUDGE (AHMEDABAD )
    ANALYSIS
    No. Particulars FCO- City Compost USEPA,40CFR 503 EU Directive AMC Sludge.
    Specifications Sludge 86/278 Sludge Minimum-Maximum
    Specifications Specifications Range

    1. Zinc 1000 7500 2500-4000 212-721

    2. Copper 300 4300 1000-1750 218-644

    3. Arsenic 10 75 - BLD-0.5

    4. Cadmium 5 85 20-40 0.9-15.54

    5. Chromium 50 3000 - 52.6-76.4

    6. Nickel 50 420 300-400 25-46.2

    7. Lead 100 840 750-1200 4.1-99.9

    8. Mercury 0.15 57 16-25 BLD-1.2


    Field trials at AAU, Anand
    Hygienized sludge with PGPB consortium (5 x
    107 cfu/g of sludge) remained at par with
    chemical NPK supplement showed possible
    reduction of about 20%of chemical fertilizers
    in a field study of three test crops of Wheat,
    Potato and Tomato.

    21
    PROJECT BENEFITS
    • Project has strong potential for replications in other cities of
    India.
    • Farmers will get “Pathogen” Free “Hygienised Enriched Fertilizer
    ” with high Organic/carbon contents and rich source of Macro
    and Micro nutrients.
    • Hygienised Enriched Fertilizer will improve Soil Health &
    Productivity and also reduce dependence on Chemical Fertilizers
    over a period of time.
    • “Hygienised Enriched Fertilizer ” +Chemical Fertilizers = Excellent
    Results for farmers.
    • With the Government of India’s new foucus on development
    technologies for Swachh and Swasth Bharat, Radiation
    Technology is a promising technology which can contribute
    gainfully to achieve this objective and protect health and
    environment.
    A Way Forward

    • Hygienised Enriched Dry Sewage Sludge needs recognition as


    one of the important Organic Fertilizer/Bio Gold for
    rejuvenation of soil health.
    • Marketing of the products by companies having strong
    distribution network & reach to the farmers such as
    GSFC/GNFC/GAIC etc.
    • Massive subsidy is paid on Chemical Fertilizers. Financial
    support to the Organic fertilizer/Bio Gold based on carbon
    contents & nutrient contents to bring down the delivered cost
    of the farmers.
    • The project to be promoted on Public – Private Partnership
    basis.
    THANK YOU

    You might also like