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Binomial Array: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

This presentation gives a detailed explanation about the binomial array which is a non-uniform antenna array for which the elements are equally spaced with unequal amplitude excitation using a specified current excitation known as binomial excitation. This is a topic in the course, "Antennas and wave Propagation (UECC015)", under the autonomous regulations of Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore.

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Kavitha A K
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© Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
5K views

Binomial Array: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

This presentation gives a detailed explanation about the binomial array which is a non-uniform antenna array for which the elements are equally spaced with unequal amplitude excitation using a specified current excitation known as binomial excitation. This is a topic in the course, "Antennas and wave Propagation (UECC015)", under the autonomous regulations of Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore.

Uploaded by

Kavitha A K
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
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SRI RAMAKRISHNA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, COIMBATORE – 10

(An Autonomous Institution)


(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi – Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

BINOMIAL ARRAY
A.K.Kavitha
Assistant Professor (Sr.Gr.)/ECE
Binomial Array
• Arrays of non-uniform amplitudes are also possible and binomial array is one of
them.
• To reduce the side lobe level John stone proposed that sources have amplitudes
proportional to the coefficients of a binomial series of the form.

Eqn. 1

• Where m is the number of sources in the array.


Binomial Array
• With uniform linear array, as the array length is increased to increase the directivity, the secondary or minor lobes also

appear.

• But for certain applications, it is highly desirable that secondary lobes should be totally eliminated or reduced to

minimum desirable level in comparison to principal or main lobes.

• This can be accomplished by arranging the arrays in such a way that radiating sources are at the edges.

• The secondary lobes can be eliminated entirely if the following two conditions are satisfied.

1. Spacing between the two consecutive radiating sources does not exceed λ/2

2. The current amplitudes in radiating sources are proportional to the coefficients of the successive terms of the

binomial series.

These two conditions are necessarily satisfied in binomial array and the coefficient which corresponds to amplitudes of

the sources are obtained by putting m=1,2,3,4,… in the equation 1.


Binomial Array
For example, relative amplitudes for the arrays of 1 to 6 radiating sources are as follows:

These coefficients for any number of radiating sources can be obtained from what is known
as Pascal’s Triangle which is shown above.
Binomial Array – Pascal’s Triangle
By Pascal’s Triangle, each integer is
the sum of the above adjacent
numbers
References
• 1. John D Kraus,” Antennas for all Applications”, 3rd Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2005.
• 2. Edward C.Jordan and Keith G.Balmain” Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating
• Systems” Prentice Hall of India, 2006
• 3. R.E.Collin,”Antennas and Radiowave Propagation”, Mc Graw Hill 1985.
• 4. Constantine.A.Balanis “Antenna Theory Analysis and Design”, Wiley Student
• Edition, 2006.
• 5. Rajeswari Chatterjee, “Antenna Theory and Practice” Revised Second Edition New
• Age International Publishers, 2006.
• 6. S. Drabowitch, “Modern Antennas” Second Edition, Springer Publications, 2007.
• 7. Robert S.Elliott “Antenna Theory and Design” Wiley Student Edition, 2006.
• 8. H.Sizun “Radio Wave Propagation for Telecommunication Applications”, First
• Indian Reprint, Springer Publications, 2007.

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