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CSC 311: Intro. To Computer Organization and Architecture

This document provides an overview of the CSC 311 course on computer organization and architecture. It introduces the instructor, textbook, prerequisites, grading policy, and general topics that will be covered, including computer structure and function at different levels from the overall system down to the CPU. The course will examine topics such as instruction sets, CPU design, memory, and I/O through the lens of computer architecture and organization.

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Abdullah maten
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176 views25 pages

CSC 311: Intro. To Computer Organization and Architecture

This document provides an overview of the CSC 311 course on computer organization and architecture. It introduces the instructor, textbook, prerequisites, grading policy, and general topics that will be covered, including computer structure and function at different levels from the overall system down to the CPU. The course will examine topics such as instruction sets, CPU design, memory, and I/O through the lens of computer architecture and organization.

Uploaded by

Abdullah maten
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC 311: Intro.

To
Computer organization
and Architecture
Course Intro.
& Overview (Ch1)
Contents

 General Info.
 Organization & Architecture
 Structure & Function
 Outline of the Book
 Internet Resources
General Info.
 Instructor:
 Mohammad Noor Nabi 
 Email: [email protected],
[email protected]
 Office: Room 6005B
 Tutorial Hours: By appointment
 Textbook:
 Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for
Performance, William Stallings, Prentice Hall, 6th edition. 
ISBN:0-13-035119-9
 Prerequisites:
 CSC 212: Microprocessors and Assembly languages
 CSC 204: Introduction to Computer Hardware
 Grading:
 Assignment and Presentation: 20%
 Quizzes and participation: 30 %
 Midterm Exam: 20%
 Final Exam: 30%
A>=85, A- >=80, B+>=73, B>=65, B- >=60, C+>=55, C>=50,
C->=45, D>=40, F < 40
 General Policies:
 Hw: do it alone; no late; grade policy
 Quiz/tests: closed book
The lowest quiz grade for each student will be
dropped.
 Well preparation with assigned reading, class
participation of active thinking and good quality
discussion will be appreciated by better grades.
Architecture & Organization
 Architecture is those attributes visible to
the programmer
 Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
 e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
 Organization refers to the operational
units and their interconnections that
realize the architectural specifications.
 Control signals, interfaces between the computer
and peripherals, memory technology.
 e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done
by repeated addition?
 All Intel x86 family share the same
basic architecture
 The IBM System/370 family share the
same basic architecture

 This gives code compatibility


 At least backwards
 Organization differs between different
versions
Why study Computer Organization
&Architecture
 Consider the situation:
 1. You are asked to purchase computer for a
large company
 2. You are to program and diagnose industry
robots
 3. You are required to Write the most efficient
program run on the computer
Approach
 Computer - complex system – how to describe?
 To recognize the hierarchical nature – tree structure
• A hierarchical system is a set of interrelated subsystems, each
of which, in turn, hierarchical in structure until we reach some
lowest level of elementary subsystem.
 For design and description of complex system :
Need only deal with a particular level at a time.
 At each level the system consists of a set of
components and their interrelationship
 Top down approach
At each level, we need to know:
Structure & Function
 Structure is the way in
which components
relate to each other
 Function is the
operation of individual
components as part
of the structure
Function

 Basic computer functions are:


 Data processing
 Data storage
 Data movement
 Control
Functional
view
Operations
(1)
Data movement: move
data between computer and
outside world
Operations
(2)
Storage: data
transferred from
the external
environment to
computer storage
and vice versa
Operation
(3)
Processing
from/to
storage
Operation
(4)
Processing

from
storage
to I/O
Structure - Top Level
Peripherals Computer

Central Main
Processing Memory
Unit

Computer
Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
Computer:
 Central processing unit: controls the operation of the
computer and perform its data processing functions; also
called processor
 Main memory: stores data temporarily
 I/O: Moves data between computer and its external
environment.
 System interconnection: Mechanism that provides for
communication among CPU, main memory and I/O
Structure - The CPU

CPU

Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
I/O Login Unit
System CPU
Bus
Internal CPU
Memory Interconnection

Control
Unit
CPU
 Control Unit: controls the operation of the
CPU and hence the computer
 Arithmetic and logic Unit (ALU): Performs
computers data processing functions
 Registers: Provides storage internal to the
CPU
 CPU interconnection: Mechanism that
provides for communication among the
control unit, ALU, and registers.
Structure - The Control Unit
Control Unit

CPU
Sequencing
ALU Logic
Control
Internal
Unit
Bus
Control Unit
Registers Registers and
Decoders

Control
Memory
Control Unit
(microprogrammed implementation.)

 Control memory: store control signal


selection and sequencing information
 Control unit registers and decoders:
detects and executes the microinstruction
 Sequencing logic: sets the logic to execute
next microinstruction.
Outline of the Book
 Computer Evolution and Performance
 Computer Interconnection Structures
 Internal Memory
 External Memory
 Input/Output
 Operating Systems Support
 Computer Arithmetic
 Instruction Sets
 CPU Structure and Function
 Reduced Instruction Set Computers
 Superscalar Processors
 Control Unit Operation
 Microprogrammed Control

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