Periods of Renaissance

PERIODS OF RENAISSANCE
1. Early Renaissance (15th Century)

Simplicity and piety, together with gestures and facial expressions characterized
the style of the period. The paintings of Cimabue (traditionally referred to as the
“Father of Italian Painting”) and Giotto stressed the human qualities of their
personages.
2. High Renaissance (16th Century)
This period covers the Careers of Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, Michael Angelo and
Titian in Italy and Durer in Germany. Together with Raphael, they are seen to epitomize
the high point of Renaissance art Painting was made more dramatic; the sky with dark
clouds and flashes of light, Leonardo Da Vinci introduced his chiaroscuro/ any
Michelangelo with his contra-posto twist of the human body.
Mannerism in Fine Arts (1530-1616)
It was believed that mannerism was developed between 1510 and 1520 in Florence
and Rome. They used elongated forms, precariously balanced poses, a collapsed
perspective, irrational settings and theatrical lighting. The mannerist style is often
identified as anti-classical which gained favor in Northern Italy and most central and
northern Europe. Paintings contained artificial color and unrealistic spatial proportions.
Works of the mannerists are often unsettling and strange, probably a result of the time’s
upheaval from the reformation. However, in retrospect, this movement supplied the link
between perfection and emotional Baroque art that developed in 1700.
Signs of weariness during the Renaissance let to new movement called mannerism,
as a way of looking at things, mannerism which is characterized by spatial incongruity
and excessive elongation of the human figures, served as a transition period between
the Renaissance and the Baroque.
Originally, mannerism was an experiment of tasteless perversion. Today, the term

has come to mean artists who were experimenting to find new ways to make art
meaningful in the context of prevailing condition (Espina, 1993).
BAROQUE PAINTING
BAROQUE ART
Baroque is an artistic style prevalent from the late 16th century to the early 18th century.
Its style is characterized by dynamic movement, overt emotion and self-confident rhetoric.
Its popularity and success of the baroque style was encouraged by the Catholic Church,
which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate
religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.
While Renaissance art was based on fixed forms of appearance, the baroque style seek to
escape from such established norms by animating it. Classicism (Renaissance art) submit to
the laws of balance and harmony and strict symmetry. Baroque experiments in the disorder
and existed in “exuberant and dynamic profusion”. Abandoning the intellectual style of
classicism, it caters to the overwhelming richness and super abundance of forms.
However, in the history of Arts, Baroque art was regarded as a pariah or an outcast – a
synonym for disorder and decadence. The Baroque Art, However, was essentially in the
service of the Roman Church.
The later Baroque style gradually gave way to a more decorative Rococo, which, through
contrast, further defines Baroque. The intensity and immediacy of Baroque art and its
individualism and detail as observed as the convincing rendering of cloth and skin textures
thus making it one of the most compelling periods Of Western Art.
ROCOCO PAINTING (1715-1774)
An artistic style that originated the 18 th Century. France chiefly used in interior
decoration, furniture, porcelain and tapestry.
Rococo comes from the combination of French word ROCAILLE meaning and
COQUILLES meaning shell, due to reliance on these objects as motifs of decoration.
Rococo painters used to delicate colors and curving forms, decorating theirs canvasses
with cherubs and myths o love. Portraiture was also popular among Rococo painters.
Some works show a sort of naughtiness or pastoral and often depicted the leisurely
outings of aristocracy couples.
JEAN-ATOINE WATTEAU (1684-1721)

is generally considered the first great Rococo painter. He had influenced other
painters like FRANCOIS BOJCHER (1703-1770) and JEAN HONORE’ FRAGONARD (1732-
1806), two masters of this period.
It is characterized by an often fanciful and frivolous use of S-curved and scroll-like forms and
ornamental pierced shell work. The technique made used of soft pastel color, rendering the
landscape smoky and hazy. The subject always occupies the center of the canvas. There are three
styles:
1. Sensual Rococo- The emphasis is on voluptuousness.
2. Academic Rococo- The emphasis is on the picturesque.
3. Genre- The emphasis is in the intimate presentation of farm and country .
THE NEO-CLASSICAL MOVEMENT IN FRENCH PAINTING
The Neoclassicism was a widespread and influential movement in painting that
began in the late 18th century and reached its height in the work of the French painter
JACQUES LOUIS DAVID (1748-1825). Generally, it emphasized on linear design in the
depiction of classical themes and subject matter, using settings and costumes. DAVID
and the other neo-classicist painters adopted stirring moral subject matter from Roman
history that celebrated the values of simplicity, austerity, heroism and stoic virtue.
Classical history and mythology provided a large part of the subject matter of
NEOCLASSICAL WORKS.
NEO-CLASSICAL PAINTERS IN ENGLAND
Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792) – was an influential 18 th century English painter,

specializing in portraits and promoting the “GRAND STYLE” in painting which depended
on idealization of the imperfect. He was one of the founders and first President of the
Royal Academy. George III appreciated his merits and knighted him in 1769.

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PERIODS OF RENAISSANCE

1. Early Renaissance (15th Century)

Originally, mannerism was an experiment of tasteless perversion. Today, the term

JEAN-ATOINE WATTEAU (1684-1721)

NEO-CLASSICAL PAINTERS IN ENGLAND

Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792) – was an influential 18 th century English painter,

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