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Combinations of Functions

The document discusses operations and combinations of functions. It defines the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions f and g. It also defines a composite function f(g(x)) as applying one function to the result of another. Examples are provided to demonstrate evaluating combinations and composites of functions at specific values.

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Julie Ann Valenzuela
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122 views22 pages

Combinations of Functions

The document discusses operations and combinations of functions. It defines the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions f and g. It also defines a composite function f(g(x)) as applying one function to the result of another. Examples are provided to demonstrate evaluating combinations and composites of functions at specific values.

Uploaded by

Julie Ann Valenzuela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Combinations of Functions

Operations with Functions:

 Sum  f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
 Difference  f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
 Product
 f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
f f  x
Quotient   x   , where g  x   0

g g  x
The sum f + g

 f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
This just says that to find the sum of two functions, add
them together. You should simplify by finding like terms.

f  x  2x  3 2
g x  4x  1 3

f  g  2x  3  4x 1
2 3 Combine like
terms & put in
descending
 4x  2x  4
3 2
order
The difference f - g
 f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
To find the difference between two functions, subtract
the first from the second. CAUTION: Make sure you
distribute the – to each term of the second function. You
should simplify by combining like terms.

f  x  2x  32
g  x  4x  1 3

f  g  2x  3  4x 1
2
 3
 Distribute
negative

 2 x  3  4 x  1  4 x  2 x  2
2 3 3 2
The product f • g
 f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
To find the product of two functions, put parenthesis
around them and multiply each term from the first
function to each term of the second function.

f  x  2x  32
g  x  4x  1
3


f  g  2x  3 4x 1
2
 3
 FOIL

Good idea to put in


 8 x  2 x  12 x  3
5 2 3
descending order
but not required.
The quotient f /g
f f  x
  x  
g g  x
To find the quotient of two functions, put the first one
over the second.

f  x  2x  3 2
g x  4x  1 3

f 2x  3 2
Nothing more you could do
 3 here. (If you can reduce
g 4x 1 these you should).
Example: Let f(x) = 5x² -2x +3 and
g(x) = 4x² +7x -5
 Find f + g  Find f - g

f ( x)  g ( x) f ( x)  g ( x)
(5 x 2  2 x  3)  (4 x 2  7 x  5) (5 x 2  2 x  3)  (4 x 2  7 x  5)
5x 2  4 x 2  2x  7 x  3  5 5x 2  4x 2  2 x  7 x  3  5
9 x 2  5x  2 x 2  9x  8
Example:
Example: Let f(x) = 5x² and
and g(x) = 3x – 1.
 Find f · g  Find f/g

f  x  g  x f  x
, where g  x   0
5 x  3 x  1
2 g  x
2
5x 1
5 x  3 x   5 x 1
2 2
, where x 
3x  1 3
15 x  5 x 3 2
Example:
Example: f(x)=2x + 3 and g(x) = x -7

f g
Find   x  Find   x 
g f 

2x  3 x7 3
, x7 , x
x7 2x  3 2
Composition of Functions
 A composite function is a combination of
two functions.

 You apply one function to the result of


another.
 The composition of the function f with the
function g is written as f(g(x)), which is read
as ‘f of g of x.’

 It is also known as  f  g  x  , which is read as


‘f composed with g of x.”

 In other words: f  g  x   f  g  x  
Ex: f(x)=2x + 5 and g(x) = x - 3

 You can work out a single “rule” for the


composite function g ( f ( x)) in terms of x.

Find  f  g  x   g  f  x   g  2 x  5
  2 x  5  3
 2x  2
 Do you think  f  g  x  will give you the
same result?
 f  g  x   f  x  3
 2 x  3  5 NO!
 2x  6  5
 2x 1
REMEMBER  g  f  x   2 x  2
You Try….
f(x) = 2x + 2 g(x) = (x + 2)2

Find:  g  f  x   f  g  x 
g  2 x  2   ((2 x  2)  2) 2 f (( x  2) 2  2)  2 x 2  4 x  4  2
  2 x  4  2 x 2  8x  8  2
2

 4 x  8 x  8 x  16
2  2 x 2  8 x  10

 4 x 2  16 x  16
You may need to evaluate a composite
function for a particular value of x.

f  x   5  3 x and g  x   x 2  4 . Find  f  g  3 .
Method 1:
Work out the
 f  g  x   5  3 x 2  4
composite  3 x 2  7
function.
Then substitute  f  g  3  3 3 2  7
3 for x.
 27  7
 34
You may need to evaluate a composite
function for a particular value of x.

f  x   5  3 x and g  x   x 2  4 . Find  f  g  3 .

g  3   3  4  13
Method 2: 2

Substitute 3 into
g(x).

f 13  5  313  34


Substitute that
value into f(x).

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