Uniformly

Accelerated
Motion
 Uniform Accelerated Motion
◍ Velocities change in time at a constant rate.
◍ - motion of an object where the acceleration is always
constant.

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 Deriving Kinematic Equations

◍  Set both the initial time and the initial position of objects zero.
◍
◍ Multiply both sides by t and rearrange.

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 Deriving Kinematic Equation

◍ From
  the definition of average speed;
◌
◍ Take note that the average of the final speed and the
initial speed and is
◌

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 Deriving Kinematic Equations

◍  
◍ Multiplying both sides by t and dividing by a yields

◍ Substitute UAM Eq2

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 Deriving Kinematic Equation

◍  
Summary:

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◍ Example1:
  As an engineer,
you were asked to design a
runway for an airport. An
airplane that will use
this airfield must reach a
speed of 30.0 m/s before
takeoff and should
accelerate at 2.00 .
a) How much time does it take
this airplane to reach the
takeoff speed?
b) What must be the minimum
length of the runway for
the aircraft to reach this
speed?
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◍
a. Because
  the airplane starts ◍
b. The
  unknown variable is the
from rest, the initial distance (d) that the airplane
velocity is zero = 0 m/s. The has to travel to attain its
three known variables are = takeoff speed. The other knowr
0m/s, v=30m/s, and and the variables are = 0m/s, v=30m/s,
unknown variable is time (t). and .

t=15.0 s d=225 m

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 Graphical Description of Uniformly Accelerated
Motion

velocity, v
position, d

time, t time, t

◍ Case1: Consider a body moving with zero acceleration.

Because this body is not accelerating, its velocity is
constant and its position changes at a constant rate.

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 Graphical Description of Uniformly Accelerated
Motion

acceleration, a
position, d

velocity, v
time, t time, t time, t

◍ Case2: Consider a motion with constant positive

acceleration. For this case, the velocity is increasing at
a constant rate. Thus, the v vs. t graph must be a
straight line.

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 Graphical Description of Uniformly Accelerated
Motion

acceleration, a
velocity, v
position, d

time, t time, t time, t

◍ Case3: For this case, the slope of the line in the v vs. t
graph is negative. Notice in the d vs. t graph, the change
in the position of the object decreases in each time
interval until it reaches a stationary point.

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Free Fall Motion in One Dimension

o Object falls under the

influence of gravity.
o Before Galileo, people
believed that heavier
objects fall faster than
the lighter ones while in
the absence of air,
Galileo claimed that all
objects, regardless their
weights, fall at the same
acceleration.

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Free Fall Motion in One Dimension

David Randolph Scott

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 Free Fall Motion in One Dimension

◍ Galileo
  has proven that all objects, in the absence of
air resistance, fall with the constant acceleration and
is called acceleration due to gravity represented as
“g”.
◍ Magnitude is approximately g=9.8.
◍ In British system, g= 32
◍ A vector quantity

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 Free Fall Motion in One Dimension

◍ Case
  1: Consider a stone is 𝑣  0 =𝑂 𝑚 / 𝑠
g
dropped from rest. The moment it
leaves a person’s hand, the
stone’s velocity is zero and its v
acceleration has a magnitude of g
g. A constant acceleration of
9.8 means that, as the ball v
falls, its velocity increases by g
9.8 m/s per second. Because its
velocity increases, the distance
covered by the stone in each g
second also increases. v
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 Free Fall in One Dimension

◍  
◍ Example 2: from a stone
dropped from rest,
compute its (a) velocity
and (b) displacement in
each second.

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 Free Fall in One Dimension

◍ Solution:
 
◍ To find the stone’s velocity in each second, note that the
known variables are , , and time (t), and the unknown value
is the final velocity (v).
◌
Time, t (s) Velocity, v (m/s)

1 -9.8

2 -19.6

3 -29.4

4 -39.2

5 -49.0

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 Free Fall in One Dimension

◍ B.
  In computing the stones displacement in each second,
take note that the known variables are , , and the time t,
and the unknown is the displacement d.

Time, t (s) Displacement, y (m)

1 -4.9

2 -19.6

3 -44.1

4 -78.4

5 -122.5

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 Free Fall in One Dimension
𝑣  0 =𝑂 𝑚 / 𝑠

◍ Case 2: Thrown Upward

◍ You can now analyze the g
motion of a ball thrown v
upward. Take note that
you are only concerned v
g g
with its motion after v
leaving the thrower’s
hand. The acceleration of g g v
the ball is both constant
in magnitude and
direction. v g g

v
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 Free Fall in One Dimension

◍ Example
  3: Suppose you have thrown a ball upward on the top
of a cliff with a speed of 29.4 m/s compute its velocity at
each second time interval.
o

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Time, t (s) Velocity, v (m/s) Time, t (s) Velocity, v (m/s)

0.0 29.4 4.0 -9.8

1.0 19.6 5.0 -19.6

2.0 9.8 6.0 -29.4

3.0 0.0 7.0 -39.2

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