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    Fisiologi Sistem Saraf Tepi

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    Nata Nayottama
    This document discusses the autonomic nervous system and reflex systems. It describes the autonomic nervous system as controlling involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response while the parasympathetic nervous system governs rest and digestion. Reflex systems include somatic reflexes of skeletal muscles as an immediate response to hazards and autonomic reflexes controlled by the brain stem and spinal cord that regulate internal organs and processes like urination. The autonomic nervous system has central integration in the medulla, brainstem and hypothalamus and signals are transmitted via two-neuron pathways to various effectors.

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    Fisiologi Sistem Saraf Tepi

    Uploaded by

    Nata Nayottama
    36 views19 pages
    This document discusses the autonomic nervous system and reflex systems. It describes the autonomic nervous system as controlling involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response while the parasympathetic nervous system governs rest and digestion. Reflex systems include somatic reflexes of skeletal muscles as an immediate response to hazards and autonomic reflexes controlled by the brain stem and spinal cord that regulate internal organs and processes like urination. The autonomic nervous system has central integration in the medulla, brainstem and hypothalamus and signals are transmitted via two-neuron pathways to various effectors.

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    This document discusses the autonomic nervous system and reflex systems. It describes the autonomic nervous system as controlling involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response while the parasympathetic nervous system governs rest and digestion. Reflex systems include somatic reflexes of skeletal muscles as an immediate response to hazards and autonomic reflexes controlled by the brain stem and spinal cord that regulate internal organs and processes like urination. The autonomic nervous system has central integration in the medulla, brainstem and hypothalamus and signals are transmitted via two-neuron pathways to various effectors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    36 views19 pages

    Fisiologi Sistem Saraf Tepi

    Uploaded by

    Nata Nayottama
    This document discusses the autonomic nervous system and reflex systems. It describes the autonomic nervous system as controlling involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response while the parasympathetic nervous system governs rest and digestion. Reflex systems include somatic reflexes of skeletal muscles as an immediate response to hazards and autonomic reflexes controlled by the brain stem and spinal cord that regulate internal organs and processes like urination. The autonomic nervous system has central integration in the medulla, brainstem and hypothalamus and signals are transmitted via two-neuron pathways to various effectors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    The passage discusses the autonomic nervous system and reflexes.

    The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

    The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the fight or flight response and uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter. The parasympathetic nervous system is associated with rest and digest functions and uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter. The sympathetic nervous system originates from the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord while the parasympathetic originates from the cranial and sacral regions.

    Sistem Saraf Tepi

    Adibah, drg., M. Biomed


    Fisiologi – Biomedik
    FKG UPDM (B)
    2018
    Sherwood 9th ed.
    Sistem Saraf Tepi
    Outline:
    ◦ Sistem Saraf Otonom
     Simpatis
     Parasimpatis
    ◦ Sistem Refleks
    Sistem Saraf Otonom
    Controls most visceral functions of the
    body.
    This system helps to control:
    ◦ arterial pressure,
    ◦ gastrointestinal motility,
    ◦ gastrointestinal secretion,
    ◦ urinary bladder emptying,
    ◦ sweating,
    ◦ body temperature
    Sistem Saraf Otonom…
    Pusat Integrasi SSO  Medulla spinalis,
    batang otak dan hipotalamus.
    Sinyal eferen SSO diteruskan ke berbagai
    organ tubuh melalui:
    ◦ Sistem saraf simpatis
    ◦ Sistem saraf parasimpatis
    The following are examples of the effects of neural control on
    various effectors composed of different types of muscle and
    gland tissue:

    ■ Heart (cardiac muscle): increased pumping of


    blood by the heart when blood pressure falls too
    low
    ■ Stomach (smooth muscle): delayed emptying
    of the stomach until the intestine is ready to
    process the food
    ■ Respiratory muscles (skeletal muscle):
    augmented breathing in response to exercise
    ■ Sweat glands (exocrine glands): initiation of
    sweating on exposure to a hot environment
    Dua Rantai Neuron pada SSO
    Serat Preganglion
    Serat Postganglion

    Ganglion adl kumpulan badan sel neuron


    yang terletak diluar SSP
    Dua Rantai Neuron Pada SSO

    Sherwood 9th ed.


    Sistem Saraf Simpatis
    Berasal dari tanduk lateral toraks dan lumbal dari
    medulla spinalis (T1 – L2).
    Preganglionnya pendek, bersinaps dengan badan
    sel neuron postganglion didalam ganglia yang
    terletak di dalam rantai ganglion simpatis.
    Serat postganglionnya panjang dan berakhir pada
    organ efektor
    Preganglionnya melepaskan neurotransmiter ACh,
    postganglionnya melepas neurotransmiter
    Norepinephrine
    fight-or flight response
    Sistem Saraf Parasimpatis
    Berasal dari cranial dan sacral
    Serat preganglionnya lebih panjang
    Serat postganglionnya sangat pendek dan
    berakhir pada organ efektor
    Preganglion dan postganglion melepaskan
    neurotransmiter Asetilkolin
    “rest and digest” functions.
    Silverthorn 6th ed.
    Silverthorn 6th ed.
    SISTEM REFLEKS
    Refleks
    Refleks otonom = refleks visceral
    ◦ Urinasi dan defekasi  medula spinalis
    ◦ Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, eating,
    water balance, and maintenance of body
    temperature  hipotalamus, talamus, batang
    otak.
    ◦ salivating, vomiting, sneezing, coughing,
    swallowing, and gagging  batang otak
    Refleks otot skeletal
    Refleks otot skeletal
    Mekanisme pengalihan segera terhadap
    stimulus berbahaya.
    Pusat Integrasi : Medulla Spinalis
    Withdrawal Reflex

    Silverthorn 6th ed.


    Sekian

    TERIMA KASIH
    Referensi
    Silverthorn
    6th ed
    Sherwood 9th ed

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