Aztec History

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Aztec history

Created by juan camilo blanco z


also known as Mexica culture, was a Mesoamerican culture that
flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to
1521, during the time in which a triple alliance of the Mexica, Texcoca
and Tepaneca tribes established the Aztec empire. The Aztec people
were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups
who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of 
Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries.
The Aztec have also referred to themselves as the Meshika or Mehika.[2]
Aztec culture is the culture of the people referred to as Aztecs, but since
most ethnic groups of central Mexico in the postclassic period shared
basic cultural traits, many of the traits that characterize Aztec culture
cannot be said to be exclusive to the Aztecs. For the same reason, the
notion of "Aztec civilization" is best understood as a particular horizon
of a general Mesoamerican civilization.
The culture of central Mexico includes maize cultivation, the social
division between pipiltin nobility and macehualtin commoners, a 
pantheon (featuring Tezcatlipoca, Tlaloc and Quetzalcoatl), and the 
calendric system of a xiuhpohualli of 365 days intercalated with
a tonalpohualli of 260 days.
 Particular to the Aztecs of Tenochtitlan was the Mexica patron God 
Huitzilopochtli, twin pyramids, and the ceramic ware known as Aztec I
to III.[3]
From the 13th century, the Valley of Mexico was the heart of Aztec
civilization: there the city of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Triple
Alliance, was built upon raised islets in Lake Texcoco
Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found
in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City; from 
indigenous bark paper codices; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors
such as Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo; and especially from 16th- and 17th-
century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and
literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous 
Florentine Codex compiled by the Franciscan monk Bernardino de Sahagún with the
help of indigenous Aztec informants. At its height, Aztec culture had rich and
complex mythological and religious traditions, as well as achieving remarkable
architectural and artistic accomplishments.
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