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    Lecture 12 Non Sporing Anaerobes

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    Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
    Non-sporing anaerobes are part of the normal flora in the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. They can cause a wide variety of infections, especially in damaged or necrotic tissues. Infections are usually polymicrobial, involving mixtures of gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes. Common genera involved include Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Veillonella. Diagnosis involves collecting adequate clinical specimens and culturing them under anaerobic conditions, while treatment involves drainage, debridement, and antibiotics such as penicillin and metronidazole.

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    Lecture 12 Non Sporing Anaerobes

    Uploaded by

    Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
    102 views17 pages
    Non-sporing anaerobes are part of the normal flora in the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. They can cause a wide variety of infections, especially in damaged or necrotic tissues. Infections are usually polymicrobial, involving mixtures of gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes. Common genera involved include Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Veillonella. Diagnosis involves collecting adequate clinical specimens and culturing them under anaerobic conditions, while treatment involves drainage, debridement, and antibiotics such as penicillin and metronidazole.

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    Non-sporing anaerobes are part of the normal flora in the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. They can cause a wide variety of infections, especially in damaged or necrotic tissues. Infections are usually polymicrobial, involving mixtures of gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes. Common genera involved include Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Veillonella. Diagnosis involves collecting adequate clinical specimens and culturing them under anaerobic conditions, while treatment involves drainage, debridement, and antibiotics such as penicillin and metronidazole.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    102 views17 pages

    Lecture 12 Non Sporing Anaerobes

    Uploaded by

    Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
    Non-sporing anaerobes are part of the normal flora in the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. They can cause a wide variety of infections, especially in damaged or necrotic tissues. Infections are usually polymicrobial, involving mixtures of gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes. Common genera involved include Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Veillonella. Diagnosis involves collecting adequate clinical specimens and culturing them under anaerobic conditions, while treatment involves drainage, debridement, and antibiotics such as penicillin and metronidazole.

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    of 17

    ‫ممم مممم مممممم مممممم‬

    NON-SPORING
    ANAEROBES
    Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
    Part of the Normal Microbial Flora
    • In the mouth and oropharynx,
    gastrointestinal tract and female genital
    tract of healthy individuals.
    • Gram+ve and Gram – ve cocci, rods and
    filaments, as well as spiral forms.
    Wide Variety of Infections
    • Wound infections
    • Periodontal disease
    Most infections are of endogenous
    origin and polymicrobial (exception >
    clostridia)
    Infections in damaged and necrotic
    tissues, or in the immunocompromised.
    Some clinical signs and indicators of non-clostridial
    anaerobic infections
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    Foul-smelling pus, discharge or lesion
    Production of a large amount of pus (abscess formation)
    Proximal of lesion to mucosal surface or portal of entry
    Failure to isolate organism from pus (sterile pus)
    Infection associated with necrotic tissue
    Deep abscess
    Gas formation in tissues
    Failure to respond to conventional antimicrobial therapy
    Pus which shows red fluorescence under UV light
    Detection of “sulphur granules” in pus (actinomycosis)
    Infection of human or animal wound bite
    Gram-negative bacteraemia
    Septic thrombophlebitis
    Polymicrobial Flora
    Mixed infections varies according the site
    affected.
    2-12 species or more are involved.
    May include strict and facultative
    anaerobes and microaerophilic
    organisms.
    Frequently comprise mixtures of Gram
    —ve rods (e.g. Bacteroides, Prevotella
    and Fusobacterium species) and Gram+ve
    cocci (peptostreptococci or streptococci
    or both)
    Non-Sporing Gram-Negative Rods

    Fusobacterium species
    • Oral origin (mainly)
    • Colonize the mucous membranes of
    humans and animals
    • Commensals of upper respiratory and
    gastrointestinal tracts.
    • Fusobacterium nucleatum
    Leptotrichia species
    • Leptotrichia buccalis
    • “Vincent’s gingivitis”
    Bacteroides species and Related Gram —ve rods. 3
    Groups:
    Saccharolytic group >> Most important:
    • Bacteroides fragilis (group)
    • Intrabdominal and soft tissue infections below the
    waist
    Moderately Saccharolytic group
    • Prevotella melaninogenica
    Asaccharolytic group
    • Porphyromonas asaccharolytica
    • Porphyromonas gingivalis
    • Periodontitis
    Bacteroides fragilis ssp. fragilis
    cultured in blood agar medium for 48 hours.
    Bacteroides fragilis
    Fusobacterium sp.
    Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci

    Genus: Peptostreptococcus
    • P. asaccharolyticus
    • P. vaginalis
    Infections in various parts of
    the body
    • Abscesses
    Types of Infection and Clinical Specimens from
    which Anaerobic Gram+ve Cocci are Isolated
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    Blood cultures
    Central nervous system (including brain abscesses)
    Head and neck infections (including ear)
    Dental abscesses and infected root canal
    Periodontal diseases
    Human and animal bites
    Pleural infections
    Abdominal infections
    Genito-urinary tract infections
    Decubitus ulcers
    Foot ulcers
    Osteomyelitis
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    Gram-Negative Anaerobic Cocci

    Genus: Veillonella
    • Normal flora of GIT
    • A regular component of
    supragingival plaque and the
    tongue microflora
    • A minor component of mixed
    anaerobic infection
    Non-Sporing Gram-Positive Rods

    Present in significant numbers in


    normal flora of the mouth, skin, GI
    and female genito-urinary tracts
    Propionibacterium
    Bifidobacterium
    Lactobacillus
    Actinomyces
    Eubacterium
    Infection of the lachrymal canal
    (lachrymal canaliculitis)
    Some species are found in acne
    Occasionally isolated in infective
    endocarditis and infection
    associated with implaned
    prostheses
    Spiral-Shaped, Motile organisms

    Several Treponema species found


    in the mouth
    Mixed anaerobic infections
    • Acute necrotizing ulcerative
    gingivitis
    Laboratory Diagnosis
    Adequate clinical specimens are collected
    (preferably under reducing conditions)
    and rapidly transported to bacteriology
    laboratory.
    Microscopical examination
    Cultured on proper media and under
    anaerobic conditions
    Gas-liquid chromatography
    • Direct on pus and other clinical materials
    Treatment
    Surgical
    • Drainage of pus from abscess,
    debridement, curettage and removal
    of necrotic tissue
    Antibiotics
    • Penicillin, Metronidazole

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