Chemistry 16.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Molarity

• A dilute solution is one that contains a small

amount of solute.

• A concentrated solution contains a large

amount of solute.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Molarity

Molarity (M) is the number of moles

of solute dissolved in one liter of
solution.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Molarity

To make a 0.5-molar (0.5M) solution, first

add 0.5 mol of solute to a 1-L volumetric flask
half filled with distilled water.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Molarity

Swirl the flask carefully to dissolve the

solute.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Molarity

Fill the flask with water exactly to the 1-L

mark.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.2

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 16.2

Problem Solving 16.8 Solve

Problem 8 with the help of an
interactive guided tutorial.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.3
Sample Problem 16.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.3
Sample Problem 16.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.3
Sample Problem 16.3

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 16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

Making Dilutions

What effect does dilution have on the

total moles of solute in a solution?

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

Diluting a solution reduces the number

of moles of solute per unit volume, but
the total number of moles of solute in
solution does not change.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

The total number of moles of solute remains

unchanged upon dilution, so you can write this
equation.

M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the

initial solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity
and volume of the diluted solution.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

Making a Dilute Solution

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

To prepare 100 ml of 0.40M MgSO4 from a

stock solution of 2.0M MgSO4, a student first
measures 20 mL of the stock solution with a
20-mL pipet.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

She then transfers the 20 mL to a 100-mL

volumetric flask.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

Finally she carefully adds water to the mark

to make 100 mL of solution.

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Making Dilutions

Volume-Measuring Devices

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.4

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 SAMPLE PROBLEM

Bell Work:

What is the molarity of a 1500 ml

solution composed of 5.3 moles
of NaCl?

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 16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Percent Solutions

Percent Solutions

What are two ways to express the

percent concentration of a solution?

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Percent Solutions

The concentration of a
solution in percent can be
expressed in two ways:

1.ratio of the volume of the solute to

the volume of the solution

2.ratio of the mass of the solute to the

mass of the solution.
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 16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Percent Solutions

Concentration in Percent (Volume/Volume)

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16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Percent Solutions

Isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) is sold as a

91% solution. This solution consist of 91 mL
of isopropyl alcohol mixed with enough water
to make 100 mL of solution.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.5

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.5

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.5

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SAMPLE PROBLEM 16.5

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 16.2 Concentrations of Solutions > Percent Solutions

Concentration in Percent (Mass/Mass)

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16.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding

of the concepts in Section 16.2.

Continue to: Launch:

-or-
Section Quiz

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16.2 Section Quiz.

1. To make a 1.00M aqueous solution of NaCl, 58.4

g of NaCl are dissolved in

a. 1.00 liter of water.

b. enough water to make 1.00 liter of solution

c. 1.00 kg of water.

d. 100 mL of water.

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16.2 Section Quiz.

2. What mass of sodium iodide (NaI) is contained

in 250 mL of a 0.500M solution?

a. 150 g

b. 75.0 g

c. 18.7 g

d. 0.50 g

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16.2 Section Quiz.

3. Diluting a solution does NOT change which of

the following?

a. concentration

b. volume

c. milliliters of solvent

d. moles of solute

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16.2 Section Quiz.

4. In a 2000 g solution of glucose that is labeled

5.0% (m/m), the mass of water is

a. 2000 g.

b. 100 g.

c. 1995 g.

d. 1900 g.

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END OF SHOW