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Chapter 4 (Computer Software)

This document discusses different types of software used in computers. It defines software as the instructions that direct hardware to perform tasks. There are three basic types of software: system software that controls operations; utility programs that support the operating system; and applications software for specific tasks like office work or games. System software includes the BIOS that initializes the system at startup and the operating system that loads from the hard drive to control hardware and interface with users. Common utility programs help with security, disk management, backups, and screen savers. Nursing applications are typically part of a hospital information system and include electronic medical records, order entry, and clinical care programs.

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Janelle Cabida Supnad
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112 views33 pages

Chapter 4 (Computer Software)

This document discusses different types of software used in computers. It defines software as the instructions that direct hardware to perform tasks. There are three basic types of software: system software that controls operations; utility programs that support the operating system; and applications software for specific tasks like office work or games. System software includes the BIOS that initializes the system at startup and the operating system that loads from the hard drive to control hardware and interface with users. Common utility programs help with security, disk management, backups, and screen savers. Nursing applications are typically part of a hospital information system and include electronic medical records, order entry, and clinical care programs.

Uploaded by

Janelle Cabida Supnad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 4

SOFTWARE

• Is the general term applied to the


INSTRUCTIONS that direct the
computer’s HARDWARE to
PERFORM work.
SOFTWARE VS.
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
• needed to TRANSLATE instructions created
in HUMAN LANGUAGE into MACHINE
LANGUAGE.
SOFTWARE

• needed to make the computer an


ECONOMICAL TOOL
(packaged/stored software)
MICROSOFT OFFICE
SUITE
THREE BASIC TYPES OF
SOFTWARE

1.System software
2.Utility programs
3.Applications software
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE starts and initializes the
system (BOOTS UP)
1.controls input, output, and storage
2.controls operations of the APPLICATIONS
SOFTWARE
. SYSTEM SOFTWARE

• BASIC INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM


(BIOS)
BIOS

If a capable
Software on BIOS is It first searches for
operating system is
first to function an Operating System
located, the BIOS
when system is and loads it into
will pass control to
turned on RAM
it.
. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)
1. OS is the overall controller
2. OS is loaded from the hard drive at turn-on
3. To upgrade firmware, change the hardware while
the OS can be changed through software
4. OS is usually already installed at purchase
5. OS can be purchased separately
6. Connection between CPU and user is called an
interface
OPERATING SYSTEM
UTILITY SOFTWARE

Utility programs keep the computer system


operating efficiently by:
1. Adding power to functioning of
system software
2. Supporting operating system programs
TYPES OF UTILITY SOFTWARE

• SECURITY SOFTWARE
a. Antivirus ,firewall, and encryption
b. The HTTPS letters on a Web page
address indicate that the site encrypts
data
TYPES OF UTILITY SOFTWARE

• DISK MANAGEMENT UTILITIES


a. Helps user keep disk space clean
b. Defragmenting
c. Clean temporary files from disk
d. Diagnostic programs
TYPES OF UTILITY
SOFTWARE
• BACKUP UTILITIES
1. Help users back up data
2. Programs may be backed up
3. Computer owner may not have a backup copy
4. Any computer component can fail
5. Important to backup data
6. Can be backed up to removable hard drive or
online
TYPES OF UTILITY
SOFTWARE
• SCREEN SAVERS
1. Blanks the monitor or fills it with moving images
2. Often entertaining
3. Provide a measure of privacy
4. Some security if users have to log in to screen
5. Typically set up on a idle time period
TYPES OF UTILITY
SOFTWARE

• Archival software
A. Compresses information
B. On retrieval, data must be decompressed
C. Terms include packing, zipping, and archiving
D. Compression can sharply reduce the size of a file
TYPES OF UTILITY
SOFTWARE
• PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT SUPPORT PROGRAMS
A. Supports programming work
B. Computers don’t understand human language
C. Programs change source code into machine language
D. Syntax must be exact
E. Problems with either logic or syntax will cause program to fail
(called bugs)
F. Correcting them is called debugging
G. Utilities can help with debugging
UTILITY PROGRAMS ARE USED TO:

1. Help maintain the system


2. Clean up unwanted programs
3. Protect against virus attacks
4. Access the World Wide Web (WWW)
. APPLICATIONS
SOFTWARE
• Includes all the various programs people use to:
1. Do the work
2. Process data
3. Play games
4. Communicate with others
5. Watch videos and multimedia programs
• Written for users to make use of the computer
• Application programs written in a programming
language then compiled
• Most common sets used are the office packages
. NURSING APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
• Nursing applications are typically part of a hospital
information system (HIS)
• Hospital systems include:
1. Business applications
a. Billing
b. Payroll
c. Budget Management
d. Inventory
e. Personnel applications
2. And may include
a. Clinical systems
b. Electronic medical record
. NURSING APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
• Hundreds of application programs that nurses
use
1. In clinical care
2. Specialized applications for all the care
settings
COMMON SOFTWARE
USEFUL TO NURSES
• Electronic Medical Record (EMR)
• Admission-Discharge-Transfer (ADT)
• Medical Administration Record (MAR)
• Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE)
• Computer-based system for radiology orders
and result reporting
. NURSING APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
Programming languages
• A means of communicating with the
machine
• Only language a CPU understand is
binary or machine
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
• Network or with internet
• Point-to-point
• LAN
• WAN
• MAN

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