SECTION OF SOLIDS

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 What is Section of Solids
Sections and sectional views are used to show

hidden detail more clearly. They-are created by

using a cutting plane to cut the object.
A section is a view of no thickness and shows the

outline of the object at the cutting plane. Visible

outlines beyond the cutting plane are not drawn.
A sectional view, displays the outline of the cutting

plane and all visible outlines which can be seen

beyond the cutting plane.
B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT
 Section of Solids Objectives

Objectives
This session will help you to learn

 The need for sectioning.

 How a cutting plane can be described.

 How the true shape of an apparent section can be described.

 How the frustum of a solid can be described.

 How the sectional views of solids may be drawn.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT
 Types of Section Views
Types of Section Views
 Full sections

 Half sections

 Offset sections

 Revolved sections

 Removed sections

 Broken-out sections
B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT
 Types of Section Views
Cutting Plane
Section views show how an object would look if a cutting
plane (or saw) cut through the object and the material in
front of the cutting plane was discarded.
Representation of cutting plane
According to drawing standards cutting plane is
represented by chain line with alternate long dash and
dot. The two ends of the line should be thick.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Types of Section Views
Full Section View
In a full section view, the cutting plane cuts across the
entire object
 Note that hidden lines become visible in a section view
Hatching
On sections and sectional views solid area should be
hatched to indicate this fact. Hatching is drawn with a thin
continuous line, equally spaced (Preferably about 4 mm
apart, though never less than 1 mm) and preferably at an
angle of 45 degrees.
B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT
 Types of Section Views
Frustum of a solid and Truncated solid:
When a solid is cut by a cutting plane parallel to its base,
the portion obtained after removing the top portion
is called "Frustum".
When a solid is cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base,
the portion obtained after removing the top portion is
called the "truncated" solid.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Types of Sectional Views for Solids
By using the five different types of perpendicular section
planes we obtain the following five types of sectional
views of solids:
1. Cutting plane is obtained by horizontal planes.
2. Cutting plane is obtained by vertical planes.
3. Cutting plane is obtained by auxiliary inclined planes.
4. Cutting plane is obtained by auxiliary vertical planes.
5. Cutting plane is obtained by profile planes.
B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT
 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the VP and Parallel to the HP:
1. A pentagonal pyramid of base 25mm and height 55mm rests
with its base on the HP such that one of its edges is perpendicular
to the VP. A section plane parallel to the HP and perpendicular to
the VP cuts the pyramid at 20mm from the apex.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the VP and Parallel to the HP:
2. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 55 mm
rests on its base on the HP with two edges of the base parallel to
the VP. A cutting plane parallel to the HP cuts the pyramid at a
height of 25 mm above the base. Draw the front and sectional top
view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the VP and Parallel to the HP:
3.A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its
base on the HP. It’s cut by a plane parallel to the HP at 25 mm
above the base. Draw the sectional top view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the VP and Parallel to the HP:
4.A cylinder with 50 mm base diameter and 60 mm long axis is
resting on its base on HP. It is cut by a section plane parallel to
and 40 mm above HP. Draw its front view and sectional top view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
5.A cube of side 35 mm rests on the HP on one of its faces with a
vertical face inclined at 450 to the VP. A plane perpendicular to HP
and parallel to VP cuts the cube 10 mm away from the axis and
further away from the VP. Draw the top and sectional front view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
6.A cylinder of 45 mm diameter and 60 mm height stands
vertically with its base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to
HP and parallel to VP, at a distance of 15 mm from the axis. Draw
its top and sectional front view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
7.A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its
base on the HP. It is cut by a vertical plane parallel to the VP at a
distance of 10 mm from the axis. The axis nearer to the VP than
the cutting plane. Draw the top and sectional front view

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
8.A hexagonal prism having base with 35 mm side and 65 mm
long is lying on its base in HP and one of its rectangular faces
parallel to VP and axis perpendicular to HP. It is cut by a plane at
20 mm from the axis and towards the observer. Draw the top and
sectional front view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
9. A cube of side 45 mm rest with a face on the HP such that one
of its faces with a vertical face inclined at 300 to the VP. A section
plane parallel to VP cuts the cube distance of 15 mm from the
vertical edge nearer to the observer. Draw the top and sectional
front view.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to both HP and VP
10.A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm
rests on its base on the HP with an angle of base perpendicular to
the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to both HP and VP. The
cutting plane cuts the object at 12 mm right of the axis. Draw the
front; top and sectional right side of the pyramid.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to both HP and VP
11. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on
one of its base on HP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to
both HP and VP,10 mm to the right of the axis. Draw the front; top
and sectional right side.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to both HP and VP
11. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on
one of its base on HP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to
both HP and VP,10 mm to the right of the axis. Draw the front; top
and sectional right side.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
12. A cube of side 35 mm is placed and cut by a plane in such a
way that the true shape of the section is a regular hexagon. Draw
the front and top views of the cube and determine the inclination
of the plane with the HP.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
13. A cube of side 35 mm rests on the HP on one of its faces with
a vertical face inclined at 450 to the VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to the VP and inclined at 300 to the HP and meeting
the axis at 25 mm above the HP. Draw the front view, sectional top
view and the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
14. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm
rests on its base on the HP with one of the base edges
perpendicular to the VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 450 to the
base. The cutting meets the axis at 20 mm above the base. Draw
the front view, sectional top view and the true shape of the
section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
15. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and axis length 55
mm is resting on HP on one of its bases with two of the vertical
faces perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 500 to the
top base. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of
section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
16. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 50 mm
resting on HP on its base is cut by a plane inclined at 450 to HP
and perpendicular to VP and is bisecting the axis. Draw its front
view, sectional top view and true shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
17. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and altitude 60 mm
rests with its base on HP and with a side of base parallel to VP. It
is cut by a section plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 350 to
the HP and bisecting the axis. Draw the sectional plan of the
pyramid and the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
18. A square pyramid of base side 50 mm and height 65 mm is
resting on HP with a base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP inclined to HP such that the true shape is a
trapezium of sides 42 mm and 22 mm. Draw the projection and
find the angle of cutting plane.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
19. A cylinder of 42 mm diameter and axis 55 mm height is
resting on the ground on its base. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP inclined at 350 to HP and meet the axis at a
point 20 mm from the top. Draw the sectional plan and true shape.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
20. A cylinder of diameter 48 mm and axis 65 mm rests on its
base on the ground. A plane cuts it perpendicular to the VP and
inclined at 450 to HP. The cutting plane meets the axis at a
distance of 16 mm from the top. Draw the sectional Plane and true
shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
21. A cone of diameter 60 mm and height 70 mm is lying on the
ground vertically It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined
at 780 to HP and passes through the apex. Draw the sectional
Plane and true shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
22. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 60mm
on its base on the HP with one of the base edges perpendicular to
the VP. it is cut by a plane inclined at 500to the base. The cutting
plane meets the axis at 15 mm above the base. Draw the
sectional Plane and true shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
23. A cone of diameter 50 mm and height 65 mm is resting on the
base on HP. It is cut by a section plane such that the true shape
produced is a parabola of base 35 mm. Draw the sectional Plane
and true shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
24. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 70 mm
rests on its base on the HP with two of its base side parallel to the
VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined at 450 to HP
and passing through a point 15 mm above the base and located
on the axis . Draw the sectional view and the true shape of the
section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
25. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 70 mm
has the hexagonal end on VP with two of its edges perpendicular
to HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined at 300 to HP
cuts the pyramid at a point 8 mm from the axis and above. Draw
the sectional view and the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
26. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm
rests with its base on HP and with a side of base perpendicular to
VP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to VP such that the
true shape of the section is an isosceles triangle of the maximum
possible base and maximum height. Draw the sectional plan of
the pyramid and the true shape of the section and measure the
inclination of the cutting plane with HP.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
27. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm
rest on one of its ends on HP with two rectangular faces parallel to
VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP inclined at 500 to VP,
at a distance of 10 mm from the axis. Draw the sectional view and
the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
28.A right circular cone of base diameter 45 mm and axis length
55 mm rests on its base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular
to HP inclined at 550 to VP, the short distance between the cutting
plane and top view of the axis 10 mm. Draw the sectional view
and the true shape of the section. the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
29. A hexagonal prism of base side 30mm and altitude 60 mm rest
on one of its ends on HP with one of its rectangular faces with
axis perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP
inclined at 500 to VP, the cutting plane meets the midpoint of the
prism. Draw the sectional view and the true shape of the section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT

 Orientation of section of solids
Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
30. A cylinder of diameter 50 mm and axis 60 mm rests on its HP
on one of its generators with its axis perpendicular to VP. A plane
cuts it perpendicular to the HP and inclined at 350to VP and
bisecting axis of the cylinder. Draw the sectional Plane and true
shape of section.

B SURESH GUEST FACULTY CE DEPT