Scribd
Upload
84 views16 pages

Measles: Rubeola or Morbilli Department of Infectious Disease Wang Jingyan

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, rash, and Koplik's spots. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and hepatitis. The disease spreads through airborne transmission. Prevention relies on vaccination with the live attenuated measles vaccine according to an immunization schedule.

Uploaded by

Dhruvil Suthar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views16 pages

Measles: Rubeola or Morbilli Department of Infectious Disease Wang Jingyan

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, rash, and Koplik's spots. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and hepatitis. The disease spreads through airborne transmission. Prevention relies on vaccination with the live attenuated measles vaccine according to an immunization schedule.

Uploaded by

Dhruvil Suthar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

MEASLES

RUBEOLA OR MORBILLI

Department of infectious disease

WANG JINGYAN
DEFINITION
• Measles is an acute highly contagious viral dise
ase caused by measles virus.It is characterized by
fever,URT catarrhal inflamation, koplik’s spots a
nd maculopapules.
• The disease may complicated with branch- pne
umonia, encepholitis, hepatitis.
• The lived attenuated measles virus
• vaccine has been utilized wildly since 1965 ,the in
cidence of the disease has declined in china.
ETIOLOGY
• 1 .Pathogen is measles virus.
it has been classed as a paramyxovirus.it is sphe
rical in appearance ,measuring about 100~150n
m in diameter.It has an outer envelope compose
d of M-protein, H-protein, F-protein, and intern
al core is RNA.
• 2 .Site of the measles virus exists
measles can be detected from blood and nasal,
pharyngeal secretions.
• 3. Three kinds of antibodies are produced af
ter infection,that is
• 3.1 complement combining antibody;
`
• 3.2 hemagglutinin inhibiting antibody
• 3.3 neutralizing antibody
• 4 .Only one antigenic type of measles virus
• is known.
• 5.Resistance:measles virus is sensitive to
• heat or disinfectant , it is also inactivated by ul
traviolet light easily.not strong
EPIDEMIOLOGY
• 1.Source of infection
The patients are the only source of infection.
• 2 .Routes of transmission
air-borne
• 3. Susceptibility of population
3.1 All age person is susceptible; 90% of conta
ct people acquire the disease.
3.2 The permanent immunity acquire after dis
ease.
• 4. Epidemic features
season:winter and spiring
age:6 months to 5 years old
PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY
measles virus
↓respiratory tract
epithelial cells(multiply)
↓lymphoid tissue
blood (first virusemia)
↓
MPS(multiply)
↓
blood (second virusemia)
↓
general toxic symptoms
PATHOLOGY
• Rash: corium superficial blood vessel
• Pigmentation:
• Desquamation:
• Koplik’s spots
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Typical type
• 1.Incubation period is approximately 6
~18days,10days is the most common.
(3-4weeks)
• 2 .predromal phase
3~4 days.
2 .1 Fever;
2 .2 Catarrhal inflammation of URT;
2 .3 Koplik’s spots;
2 .4 Transient prodromal rashes.
• 3. Eruption stage
3 .1. Time: the3~5 days after fever;but the 4th
day is most common;
3 .2 . Shape:maculopapular
3.3. Seuence:behind the ear→along the hairline
→face→neck→chest→back→abdomen→limb
s→hand and feet(palm,sole)
3 .4 . The temperature rise continously and com
panied with the toxic symptoms exaggerate
• 4 . Convalescent stage
brown staining.
fine branny desquamation.
course:10-14 days
• Atypical measles

1 . mild measles;
2 . severe measles (toxic and shock type
measles);
3. hemorrhagic measles;
4 . variant measles.
COMPLICATIONS
• 1 .Bronchopneumonia;
• 2 .Myocarditis;
• 3 .Laryngitis;
• 4 .Neurologic complications:
Encephalitis and SSPE .
0.1-0.2% 1-4/m
2-6days 2-17ys
viral encephalitis retrograde change
early-viral mutation
late crossed immune
LABORATORY FINDINGS
• Blood routine
• Serum Ab measurement
complement combining antibody;
hemagglutinin inhibiting antibody;
neutralizing antibody;
specific antibody IgM.
• Other Ag and multinucleated giant cells
• The separation of virus
DIAGNOSIS
• 1 .Epidemiologic data;
• 2 .Clinical manifestations;
• 3. Laboratory findings:
. 3 .1 .Multinucleated giant cells are dete
cted in nasopharyax mucosa secretions;
• 3 .2 .Measles virus can be isolated in tiss
ues culture;
. 3 .3 . Antibody titer;
• 3 .4 . WBC is relative low .
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• 1 .Rubella (German measles) ;
• 2 .Roseola infantum (infant subitum,exa
nthem subitum)
• 3. Drug rashes.
*the early stage definite diagnosis is:
*the early stage clinical diagnosis is:
*the clinical diagnosis is:
treatment

• 1 .General therapy: rest, nursing and


diet
• 2. Symptomatic therapy: fever and coug
h,
• 3.Support threapy:r-globulin
traditional chinese herbs may be u
sed ;
• 4.complications of treatment
PREVENTION
• 1 .Control source of infection;
• 2 .Interruption of transmissions ;
• 3 .Protection of the susceptible person:
3.1 . Active immunization
Lived attenuated measles vaccine.
plan immune:8m,7j
epidemic stage:before 2 m
contactor:with in 2 days
Contraindications:pregnancy et al
3.2 . Passive immunization
placenta globulin or gamma globulin.
<5 days prevent onset
>5 days relieve symptoms

You might also like