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    Introduction in Medical Microbiology June 2020 Online Class

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    james rukenya
    This document provides an overview of medical microbiology. It begins by defining medical microbiology as the study of causative agents of infectious diseases in humans and their reactions to infections. It then classifies microorganisms into five major groups - viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa. The document also discusses the history and importance of microbiology, including the discovery of bacteria by Leeuwenhoek in the 1680s, Koch's postulates in the 1890s, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929, and its isolation for use in 1939. It concludes by noting the role of microbiology in pharmaceutical product development, quality control of foods, production of fermented foods, and biotechnology

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    Introduction in Medical Microbiology June 2020 Online Class

    Uploaded by

    james rukenya
    110 views9 pages
    This document provides an overview of medical microbiology. It begins by defining medical microbiology as the study of causative agents of infectious diseases in humans and their reactions to infections. It then classifies microorganisms into five major groups - viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa. The document also discusses the history and importance of microbiology, including the discovery of bacteria by Leeuwenhoek in the 1680s, Koch's postulates in the 1890s, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929, and its isolation for use in 1939. It concludes by noting the role of microbiology in pharmaceutical product development, quality control of foods, production of fermented foods, and biotechnology

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    This document provides an overview of medical microbiology. It begins by defining medical microbiology as the study of causative agents of infectious diseases in humans and their reactions to infections. It then classifies microorganisms into five major groups - viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa. The document also discusses the history and importance of microbiology, including the discovery of bacteria by Leeuwenhoek in the 1680s, Koch's postulates in the 1890s, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929, and its isolation for use in 1939. It concludes by noting the role of microbiology in pharmaceutical product development, quality control of foods, production of fermented foods, and biotechnology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    110 views9 pages

    Introduction in Medical Microbiology June 2020 Online Class

    Uploaded by

    james rukenya
    This document provides an overview of medical microbiology. It begins by defining medical microbiology as the study of causative agents of infectious diseases in humans and their reactions to infections. It then classifies microorganisms into five major groups - viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa. The document also discusses the history and importance of microbiology, including the discovery of bacteria by Leeuwenhoek in the 1680s, Koch's postulates in the 1890s, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929, and its isolation for use in 1939. It concludes by noting the role of microbiology in pharmaceutical product development, quality control of foods, production of fermented foods, and biotechnology

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

     Lesson plan
     By the end of the lesson the the
    learner should be able to;
     Define medical microbiology

     history of microbiology

     Mechanism of pathogenesis
    INTRODUCTION
     Microbiology – Study of micro organisms that are too small to
    be seen with naked eyes
     Derived from 2 Greek words ‘Mikros’- small & ‘Bios’ – life

     Medical Microbiology - study of causative agents of


    infectious diseases of humans and their reactions to such
    infections.
     Deals with etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
    specific treatment and control of infection
    CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS
    Kingdom Protista
    5 major groups
    Viruses

    Eukaryotes Prokaryotes
     Fungi Bacteria
     Algae

     Protozoa
    Eu-true, Karyote- Nucleus. Have true membrane bound nucleus & organelles.
    Pro – primitive, karyote-Nucleus. No internal bound nucleus & organelles
    MODERN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
     Bacteriology – the science of bacteria, the causative
    agents of a member of infectious diseases.
     Virology – the science of viruses, non-cellular living
    systems, capable of causing infectious diseases in
    man.
     Immunology – the science which concerned with
    mechanisms of body protection against pathogenic
    microorganisms and foreign cells and substances.
     Mycology – the study of fungi pathogenic for man.
     Protozoology – which deals with pathogenic
    unicellular animal organisms.
    DEFINITION OF TERMS
    Microbiology
    Microscopy – technical field of using microscopes
    to view objects not visible with naked eye
    Microbiological methods – used to study microbes
    like culturing, plating, staining.
    Sterilization – Destruction of all
    microbes(pathogenic/non pathogenic) & spore
    .Disinfection – Reducing the no. of m.org.
    Aseptic – Free from pathogens
    Septic – Decay bacterial contaminant
    Antibiotic – stops multiplication of bacteria.
    Commensal – benefits from another org. without
    causing harm
    DEFINITION OF TERMS
    Pathogen – can cause disease- pathogenecity
    Septicemia – Blood poisoning by toxins
    Nosocomial – Hospital acquired infections.
    Exotoxin – A toxic protein produced by bacteria and
    released into the environment
    .Endotoxin – An LPS associated with outer
    membrane of gram negative bacteria.
    Aetiology – cause of disease
    Bacterimia – Presence of bacteria in blood
    stream
    HISTORY
    1680s: Leeuwenhoek discovers bacteria. 1720s:

    Benjamin Martin describes a germ theory of disease in his book A New


    Theory of Consumptions
     1890s: Robert Koch sets guidelines for how to prove that a particular
    microbial agent is responsible for a particular disease. Koch's postulates
    state that:
    The suspect microorganism must be routinely isolated from patients
    with a particular illness;
     The microorganism must be grown in pure culture in vitro;

    When the pure culture is inoculated into a new host, it must cause the
    same illness;
    The same microorganisms must be reisolated from new host.

    1929: Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin.

    1939: Florey and co-workers find a way to isolate penicillin.


    IMPORTANCE OF MICROBIOLOGY
    •In development of pharmaceutical pdcts
    •Use of quality control methods in food and
    dairy pdcts production
    •Manufacture of many foods-fermented dairy
    products, alcoholic beverage
    •Biotechnology

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