Global History and Geography: Unit 1: Ancient World: Civilizations and Religions

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Global History and Geography

Unit 1: Ancient World:


Civilizations and Religions
Unit 1: Ancient World:
Civilizations and Religions
• A. Early Peoples
• B. Neolithic Revolution and early river
civilizations
• C. Classical civilizations
• D. The rise and fall of great empires
• E. The emergence and spread of belief
systems
Early Peoples
• Review:
– What do these terms mean?
• Human geography
• Physical geography
– What are examples of these ideas.
Human Geography
• Peoples (groups of people) live differently
based on a variety of factors:
– Religion
– Culture
– Language
– Environment
– Ideas and beliefs
– Economics
– Climate/ where they live
Physical Geography
• The land looks different in different parts of
the world:
– Mountains and valleys
– Lakes, Rivers, Oceans
– Forests
– Deserts (hot and cold)
Hunters and Gatherers
• Before there was writing (a time we call
‘prehistory’), peoples all over the world lived
differently than today.

• How did they live? How was it different?


Hunters and Gatherers
• No computers
• No sidekicks
• No restaurants
• No running water or electricity

• No cities

• Not even farms


Hunter Gatherers
• Did NOT:

– Domesticate animals

– Plant crops

• So… how did they live?


Hunters and Gatherers
• They picked berries, nuts, fruits, grass
• They made weapons (spears, etc.) and hunted
animals. Technology is invented!
• Also they built shelters and fires and adapted
to their environments.

• Question: what did they do when the animals


moved or the plants died?
Paleolithic Hunters and Gatherers
Nomadic Peoples
• Nomads moved, following the food.

• This is how human beings populated the


whole world – following the food.

• This was a SSSLLLOOOWWW process – it took


10,000 years because each generation only
moved about 3 miles from their birth place.
Nomads followed food - out of Africa
Paleolithic Period
• This period of history, when people made
tools and weapons and followed the food was
called the Paleolithic period, or the Old Stone
Age.
– 2,500,000 to 10,000 BCE.

• Then… about 10,000 BCE…


Neolithic Revolution
• Human beings began:
– Planting crops (corn, wheat, rice, barley, yams,
bananas, mangos, etc.)
– Domesticating animals (cows, pigs, sheep, goats,
chickens) for meat, milk and wool.

– What affect did this have on nomadic people?


Villages and Towns
• When people began growing their crops and
raising animals, they didn’t need to move so
much to follow the food.

• They controlled their food source!

– This allowed people to create….


Civilizations
• Human beings began creating civilizations, or
complex cultures that included 6 important
characteristics:
– Religion
– Government
– Social Structure
– Writing
– Art
– Cities
Civilizations

Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics (writing)


Cave Paintings in Lascaux France
Civilizations

Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt:


Monarchy Government Hindu goddess Kali: consort of Shiva:
Polytheistic Religion

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